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Tobacco Transcription Factors NtMYC2a and NtMYC2b Form Nuclear Complexes with the NtJAZ1 repressor and regulate Multiple Jasmonate-lnducible Steps in Nicotine Biosynthesis

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Molecular Plant 2012年第1期5卷 73-84页

作者： Hong-Bo Zhang Marta T. Bokowiec Paul J. rushton Sheng-Cheng Han michael r timko Department of Biology University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22904 USA College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China Department of Biology and Microbiology South Dakota State University Brookings SD 57007 USA College of Life Science Beijing NormalUniversity Beijing 100875 China

Biotic and abiotic stress lead to elevated levels of jasmonic acid （JA） and its derivatives and activation of the biosynthesis of nicotine and related pyridine alkaloids in cultivated tobacco （Nicotiana tabacum L.）. Among the JA- responsive genes is NtPMTla, encoding putrescine N-methyl transferase, a key regulatory enzyme in nicotine formation. We have characterized three genes （NtMYC2a, b, c） encoding basic helix-loop-helix （bHLH） transcription factors （TFs） whose expression is rapidly induced by JA and that specifically activate JA-inducible NtPMTla expression by binding a G-box motif within the NtPMTla promoter in in vivo and in vitro assays. Using split-YFP assays, we further show that, in the absence of JA, NtMYC2a and NtMYC2b are present as nuclear complexes with the NtJAZ1 repressor. rNA interference （rNAi）-mediated knockdown of NtMYC2a and NtMYC2b expression results in significant decreases in JA-inducible NtPMTla transcript levels, as well as reduced levels of transcripts encoding other enzymes involved in nicotine and minor alkaloid biosynthesis, in- cluding an 80-90% reduction in the level of transcripts encoding the putative nicotine synthase gene NtA662. In contrast, ectopic overexpression of NtMYC2a and NtMYC2b had no effect on NtPMTla expression in the presence or absence of exogenously added JA. These data suggest that NtMYC2a, b, c are required components of JA-inducible expression of multiple genes in the nicotine biosynthetic pathway and may act additively in the activation of JA responses.

关键词： COl1 jasmonate MYC2 nicotine tobacco.

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Nanobiotechnology： 1D nanomaterial building blocks for cellular interfaces and hybrid tissues

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Nano research 2018年第10期11卷 5372-5399页

作者： Haitao Liu Bilal Haider Holden r. Fried Jie Ju Olurotimi Bolonduro Vineeth raghuram Brian P. timko Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts University Medford Massachusetts 02755 USA School of Materials Science and Technology China University ofGeosciences Beijing 100083 China

Solid-state nanomaterials exhibit complementary interactions with biological systems because of their biologically-relevant size scales and rationally tunable electrical, chemical and mechanical properties. In this review, we focus specifically on one-dimensional （1D） nanomaterials such as silicon or gold nanowires or carbon nanotubes. We discuss the nature of the nanomaterial-cell interface, and how that interface may be engineered to enhance or modulate cellular function. We then describe how those unique interfaces may be exploited in three-dimensional （3D） tissue culture to recapitulate the extracellular matrix and promote or complement morphogenesis. Finall~ we describe how 1D nanomaterials may be elucidated as nanoelectronic devices that monitor the chemical or electrical environment of cells or tissue with exquisite spatial and temporal resolution. We discuss prospects for entirely new classes of engineered, hybrid tissues with rationally-designed biological function and two-way, closed-loop electronic communication.

关键词： nanomaterial neuron cardiomyocyte nanoelectronics bioelectronics hybrid tissue

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From biomimicry to bioelectronics:Smart materials for cardiac tissue engineering

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Nano research 2020年第5期13卷 1253-1267页

作者： Olurotimi A.Bolonduro Breanna M.Duffy Akshita A.rao Lauren D.Black Brian P.timko Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts UniversityMedfordMassachusetts 02155USA Department of Cell Molecular&Developmental BiologySchool of Graduate Biomedical SciencesTufts UniversityMassachusetts 02111USA

Effective strategies in cardiac tissue engineering require matrices that recapitulate the mechanical,topographic and electrical cues present in the native extracellular *** this review,we discuss recent efforts in materials science and nanotechnology to achieve functional three-dimensional(3D)scaffolds that modulate and monitor cardiac tissue *** consider key design considerations,including choice of biopolymer matrix,cell sources,and delivery methods for eventual *** then discuss how solid-state nanomaterials may be integrated within these systems to provide unique electrical and nanotopographic cues that improve electromechanical *** describe how these approaches may be extended to complex,spatially heterogeneous constructs using 3D bioprinting ***,we describe how scaffold materials may be augmented with bioelectronic components to achieve hybrid myocardium that monitors or controls electrophysiological ***,these approaches provide a framework for achieving cardiac tissues with tunable,rationally-designed *** discuss future prospects and remaining challenges for clinical translation.

关键词： cardiac tissue engineering extracellular matrix nanomaterial bioelectronics cyborg

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