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Neural regeneration research 2024年第4期19卷 788-799页

作者： r.Scott Duncan Sean M.riordan Matthew C.Gernon Peter Koulen Department of Ophthalmology School of MedicineUniversity of Missouri Department of Biomedical Sciences School of MedicineUniversity of Missouri

Cannabinoids are lipophilic substances derived from Cannabis sativa that can exert a variety of effects in the human *** have been studied in cellular and animal models as well as in human clinical trials for their therapeutic benefits in several human *** of these include central nervous system(CNS)diseases and dysfunctions such as forms of epilepsy,multiple sclerosis,Parkinson’s disease,pain and neuropsychiatric *** addition,the endogenously produced cannabinoid lipids,endocannabinoids,are critical for normal CNS function,and if controlled or modified,may represent an additional therapeutic avenue for CNS *** review discusses in vitro cellular,ex vivo tissue and in vivo animal model studies on cannabinoids and their utility as therapeutics in multiple CNS *** addition,the review provides an overview on the use of cannabinoids in human clinical trials for a variety of CNS *** and endocannabinoids hold promise for use as disease modifiers and therapeutic agents for the prevention or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and neurological disorders.

关键词： anandamide cannabidiol cannabinoid endocannabinoid epilepsy multiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neuroprotection tetrahydrocannabinol

Network analyses:Inhibition of androgen receptor signaling reduces inflammation in the lung through Ar-MAF-IL6 signaling axes

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 140-143页

作者： Albert r.Wang Andrew M.Baschnagel Zijian Ni Sean r.Brennan Hypatia K.Newton Darya Buehler Christina Kendziorski randall J.Kimple Gopal lyer Department of Human Oncology University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53705USA University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center MadisonWI 53705USA Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Biology Tufts UniversityMedfordMA 02155USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705USA

Androgen receptor(Ar)is a major transcription factor that plays a role in inflammatory response including interleukin-6(IL6)signaling.1 While Ar regulation through paracrine loop signaling in prostate tissue is well-studied,its impact through an IL6 autocrine loop in the lung has not been wellstudied despite the organ's response to respiratory viral *** inhibition and rNA knockdown of Ar identified a bZIP transcription factor MAF to be a common target of inflammation using these perturbations in lung cells.

关键词： inflammation lung respiratory

Heating-Cooling Monitoring and Power Consumption Forecasting Using LSTM for Energy-Efficient Smart Management of Buildings: A Computational Intelligence Solution for Smart Homes

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 143-157页

作者： Omid Akbarzadeh Sahand Hamzehei Hani Attar Ayman Amer Nazanin Fasihihour Mohammad r.Khosravi Ahmed A.Solyman Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Politecnico di TorinoTurin 10129Italy Department of Energy Engineering Zarqa UniversityZarqa 13110Jordan Shandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture Weifang University of Science and TechnologyWeifang 262799China Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureNisantası UniversityIstanbul 25370The Republic of Turkiye

Energy management in smart homes is one of the most critical problems for the Quality of Life(QoL)and preserving energy *** of the relevant issues in this subject is environmental contamination,which threatens the world's *** computing-enabled Artificial Intelligence(Al)algorithms can provide impactful solutions to this *** research proposes using one of the recurrent Neural Network(rNN)algorithms known as Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)to comprehend how it is feasible to perform the cloud/fog/edge-enabled prediction of the building's *** parameters of power electricity,power heating,power cooling,and total power in an office/home in cold-climate cities are considered as our features in the *** on the collected data,we evaluate the LSTM approach for forecasting parameters for the next year to predict energy consumption and online monitoring of the model's performance under various *** implementing the Al predictive algorithm,several existing tools are *** results have been generated through simulations,and we find them promisingforfutureapplications.

关键词： design-builder Besos smart cities smart building neural network Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)

Analysis of mid-spatial frequency wavefront distortions from a liquid-cooled flash-lamp pumped Nd:phosphate laser amplifier

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 24-29页

作者： Pierre-Marie Dalbies Sandy Cavaro Edouard Bordenave Nathalie Blanchot Julien G.Moreau Jérôme Neauport CEA CESTA Le BarpFrance

Mid-spatial frequency wavefront deformation can be deleterious for the operation of high-energy laser systems. When fluid cooled high-repetition-rate amplifiers are used, the coolant flow is likely to induce such detrimental mid-spatial frequency wavefront deformations. Here, we describe the design and performance of a 90 mm × 90 mm aperture, liquid-cooled Nd:phosphate split-slab laser amplifier pumped by flash-lamps. The performance of the system is evaluated in terms of wavefront aberration and gain at repetition rates down to 1 shot per minute. The results show that this single cooled split-slab system exhibits low wavefront distortions in the medium to large period range, compatible with a focus on target, and despite the use of liquid coolant traversed by both pump and amplified wavelengths. This makes it a potential candidate for applications in large high-energy laser facilities.

关键词： flash-lamp pumping high-power laser laser cooling neodymium glass wavefront error

Uncovering Microstructure-Property relationship in Ni-Alloyed Fe-Mn-Al-C Low-Density Steel Treated by Hot-rolling and Air-Cooling Process

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第4期37卷 713-725页

作者： Xiaoliang Jia Guhui Gao Xiaolu Gui Chun Feng r.D.K.Misra Bingzhe Bai School of Mechanical Electronicand Control EngineeringBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China CNPC Tubular Goods research Institute Xi’an710077China Laboratory for Excellence in Advanced Steel research University of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTX79968-0521USA School of Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

This paper focuses on the relationship between the microstructure and tensile properties of Fe-Mn-Al-C low-density high-strength steel processes by hot-rolling and air-cooling process. The microstructure analysis reveals that the combination of hot-rolling and air-cooling results in the formation of heterogeneous structures comprising different-sized γ and B_(2) phases in the low-density steel with the addition of nickel (Ni). The addition of Ni promotes the formation of the B_(2) phase and induces the pinning of B_(2) phase particles at the γ grain boundaries. This pinning effect effectively hinders the growth of the γ grains, leading to grain refinement. The tensile test results demonstrate that LDS-5Ni (low-density steel, LDS) exhibits excellent high strength and ductility combination, e.g., a tensile strength of 1535 MPa, yield strength of 1482 MPa, and elongation of 23.3%. These remarkable mechanical properties are primarily attributed to the combined strengthening contributions of grain refinement and duplex nano-sized second-phase precipitation hardening.

关键词： Low-density steel Microstructure B_(2)phase κ-Carbide Tensile properties

Facilitated Prediction of Micropollutant Degradation via UV-AOPs in Various Waters by Combining Model Simulation and Portable Measurement

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Engineering 2024年第6期37卷 87-95页

作者： Yanyan Huang Mengkai Li Zhe Sun Wentao Li James r.Bolton Zhimin Qiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 1H9Canada State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

The degradation of micropollutants in water via ultraviolet(UV)-based advanced oxidation processes(AOPs)is strongly dependent on the water *** reactive radicals(rrs)formed in UV-AOPs have different reaction selectivities toward water matrices and degradation efficiencies for target ***,process selection and optimization are *** study developed a facilitated prediction method for the photon fluence-based rate constant for micropollutant degradation(K′_(p,MP))in various UV-AOPs by combining model simulation with portable *** methods for measuring the scavenging capacities of the principal rrs(rrSCs)involved in UV-AOPs(i.e.,HO^(·),SO_(4)^(·-),and Cl^(·))using a mini-fluidic photoreaction system were *** simulation models consisted of photochemical,quantitative structure–activity relationship,and radical concentration steady-state approximation *** rrSCs were determined in eight test waters,and a higher rrSC was found to be associated with a more complex water ***,by taking sulfamethazine,caffeine,and carbamazepine as model micropollutants,the k′_(p,MP) values in various UV-AOPs were predicted and further verified experimentally.A lower k′_(p,MP) was found to be associated with a higher rrSC for a stronger rr competition;for example,k′_(p,MP) values of 130.9 and 332.5 m^(2) einstein^(–1),respectively,were obtained for carbamazepine degradation by UV/H_(2)O_(2) in the raw water(rrSC=9.47×10^(4) s^(-1))and sand-filtered effluent(rrSC=2.87×10^(4) s^(-1))of a drinking water treatment *** developed method facilitates process selection and optimization for UV-AOPs,which is essential for increasing the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of water treatment.

关键词： UV-AOPs Micropollutant degradation reactive radicals Water matrix Model simulation

Assessment of the effectiveness of weight-adjusted antibiotic administration,for reduced duration,in surgical prophylaxis of primary hip and knee arthroplasty

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期15卷 170-179页

作者： Tosan Okoro michael Wan Takura Darlington Mukabeta Ella Malev Marketa Gross Claudia Williams Muhammad Manjra Jan Herman Kuiper John Murnaghan Department of Arthroplasty Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation TrustOswestry SY107AGUnited Kingdom School of Medicine Keele UniversityStaffordshire ST55BGUnited Kingdom St Joseph’s Health Centre Unity Health TorontoToronto M6R 1B5Canada Department of Arthroplasty The Royal London HospitalBarts Health NHS TrustLondon E11BBUnited Kingdom Department of Arthroplasty Sunnybrook Holland Orthopaedic and Arthritis CentreToronto M4Y 1H1Canada Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine Keele UniversityStaffordshire ST51BGUnited Kingdom

BACKGrOUND Prophylactic antibiotics have significantly led to a reduction in the risk of postoperative surgical site infections(SSI)in orthopaedic *** aim of using antibiotics for this purpose is to achieve serum and tissue drug levels that exceed,for the duration of the operation,the minimum inhibitory concentration of the likely organisms that are *** antibiotics reduce the rate of SSIs in lower limb arthroplasty from between 4%and 8%to between 1%and 3%.Controversy,however,still surrounds the optimal frequency and dosing of antibiotic *** To evaluate the impact of introduction of a weight-adjusted antibiotic prophylaxis regime,combined with a reduction in the duration of administration of post-operative antibiotics on SSI incidence during the 2 years following primary elective total hip and knee arthroplasty METHODS Following ethical approval,patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty(THA)/total knee arthroplasty(TKA)with the old regime(Or)of a preoperative dose[cefazolin 2 g intravenously(IV)],and two subsequent doses(2 h and 8 h),were compared to those after a change to a new regime(Nr)of a weight-adjusted preoperative dose(cefazolin 2 g IV for patientsr patients>120 kg)and a post-operative dose at 2 *** primary outcome in both groups was SSI rates during the 2 years *** A total of n=1273 operations(THA n=534,TKA n=739)were performed in n=1264 *** was no statistically significant difference in the rate of deep(Or 0.74%(5/675)vs Nr 0.50%(3/598);fishers exact test P=0.72),nor superficial SSIs(Or 2.07%(14/675)vs Nr 1.50%(9/598);chi-squared test P=0.44)at 2 years *** propensity score weighting and an interrupted time series analysis,there was also no difference in SSI rates between both groups[rr 0.88(95%CI 0.61 to 1.30)P=0.46].CONCLUSION A weight-adjusted regime,with a reduction in number of post-operative doses had no adverse impact on S

关键词： Antibiotics Weight-adjusted Hip and knee arthroplasty Surgical site infection

Management of monogenic diabetes in pregnancy:A narrative review

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第1期15卷 15-23页

作者： Mohammad Sadiq Jeeyavudeen Sarah r Murray Mark W J Strachan Metabolic Unit Western General HospitalEdinburgh EH42XUUnited Kingdom MrC Centre for reproductive Health University of Edinburgh Queen’s Medical Research InstituteEdinburgh EH164TJUnited Kingdom

Pregnancy in women with monogenic diabetes is potentially complex,with significant implications for both maternal and fetal *** these,maturity-onset diabetes of the young(MODY)stands out as a prevalent monogenic diabetes subtype frequently encountered in clinical *** subtype of MODY requires a distinct approach tailored to the pregnancy,diverging from management strategies in non-pregnant *** MODY(GCK-MODY)typically does not require treatment outside of pregnancy,but special considerations arise when a woman with GCK-MODY becomes *** glycemic targets in GCK-MODY pregnancies are not exclusively dictated by the maternal/paternal MODY genotype but are also influenced by the genotype of the developing *** pregnancy,the choice between sulfonylurea or insulin for treating hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha(HNF1A)-MODY and HNF4A-MODY depends on the mother’s specific circumstances and the available *** of other rarer MODY subtypes is individu-alized,with decisions made on a case-by-case ***,a collaborative approach involving expert diabetes and obstetric teams is crucial for the compre-hensive management of MODY pregnancies.

关键词： Diabetes Pregnancy Maturity-onset diabetes of the young Insulin Sulphonylurea Glucokinase Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha,hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-beta,and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha

ranking environmental and edaphic attributes driving soil microbial community structure and activity with special attention to spatial and temporal scales

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 21-41页

作者： Vadakattu V.S.r.Gupta James M.Tiedje CSIrO Agriculture&Food UrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia Centre for Microbial Ecology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA

The incredibly complex soil microbial communities at small scales make their analysis and identification of reasons for the observed structures *** community structure is mainly a result of the inoculum(dispersal),the selective advantages of those organisms under the habitat-based environmental attributes,and the ability of those colonizers to sustain themselves over *** soil is protective,and its microbial inhabitants have long adapted to varied soil conditions,significant portions of the soil microbial community structure are likely ***,a substantial portion of the community will not correlate to often measured soil *** suggest that the drivers be ranked on the basis of their importance to the fundamental needs of the microbes:(i)those that supply energy,i.e.,organic carbon and electron acceptors;(i)environmental effectors or stressors,i.e.,pH,salt,drought,and toxic chemicals;(ii)macro-organism associations,i.e.,plants and their seasonality,animals and their fecal matter,and soil fauna;and(iv)nutrients,in order,N,P,and probably of lesser importance,other micronutrients,and *** relevance of drivers also varies with spatial and time scales,for example,aggregate to field to regional,and persistent to dynamic populations to transcripts,and with the extent of phylogenetic difference,hence phenotypic differences in organismal *** present a summary matrix to provide guidance on which drivers are important for particular studies,with special emphasis on a wide range of spatial and temporal scales,and illustrate this with genomic and population(rrNA gene)data from selected studies.

关键词： abundance community structure diversity functional microbiome microorganisms

Design of a Multi-Stage Ensemble Model for Thyroid Prediction Using Learning Approaches

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2024年第1期39卷 1-13页

作者： M.L.Maruthi Prasad r.Santhosh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of EngineeringKarpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatoreTamil NaduIndia

This research concentrates to model an efficient thyroid prediction approach,which is considered a baseline for significant problems faced by the women *** major research problem is the lack of automated model to attain earlier *** existing model fails to give better prediction ***,a novel clinical decision support system is framed to make the proper decision during a time of *** stages are followed in the proposed framework,which plays a substantial role in thyroid *** steps include i)data acquisition,ii)outlier prediction,and iii)multi-stage weight-based ensemble learning process(MS-WEL).The weighted analysis of the base classifier and other classifier models helps bridge the gap encountered in one single classifier *** classifiers aremerged to handle the issues identified in others and intend to enhance the prediction *** proposed model provides superior outcomes and gives good quality prediction *** simulation is done in the MATLAB 2020a environment and establishes a better trade-off than various existing *** model gives a prediction accuracy of 97.28%accuracy compared to other models and shows a better trade than others.

关键词： Thyroid machine learning pre-processing classification prediction rate