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Episodes 2007年第4期30卷 242-257页

作者： michael p. Searle Ben Stephenson James Walker Christian Walker Dept. Earth Sciences Oxford University Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PR UK Shell Canada Energy 400 - 4th Ave. SW Calgary Alberta T2P 2H5 Canada Imperial Oil Resources ExxonMobil 237 4th Ave. SW Calgary Alberta T2P 3M9 Canada CHp Consulting London EC2N 2HA UK

The Greater Himalayan Sequence （GHS） is composed of a sequence of Barrovianfacies metamorphic rocks up to kyanite or sillimanite ＋ K-feldspar grade, migmatites, layered stromatic migmatites and leucogranite sheets. These rocks were metamorphosed during the late Eocene to early Miocene, and are bounded below by a large-scale SW-vergent ductile shear zone-thrust fault （Main Central Thrust; MCT）, and above by a NE-dipping low-angle normal sense shear zone and fault （Zanskar Shear Zone; ZSZ）,

关键词：变形原岩喜玛拉雅山断层作用地质模型

Recent Advances on Citrus yellow vein clearing virus in Citrus

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Horticultural plant Journal 2020年第4期6卷 216-222页

作者： Cuihua Liu Hai Liu John Hurst michael p Timko Changyong Zhou Citrus Research Institute Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Department of Biology University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22904USA

Citrus yellow vein clearing virus(CYVCV)is the causal agent of yellow vein clearing disease,a significant and devastating disease of most citrus species including lemon and sour ***,a single-strand positive-sense RNA virus containing six ORFs(Open Reading Frames),represents a new species in the genus Mandarivirus of the Alphaflexiviridae *** virus can cause particularly serious damage,resulting in reduced tree vigor,lower yields,and decreased marketability of fruit production,and it has been found in India,Turkey,pakistan,China and *** we described the geographical distribution of the virus,its transmission mode by grafting,mechanical inoculation,and insects,as well as currently available techniques for *** addition,we also discussed practical measures aimed at controlling the disease and provided theoretical guidance to prevent the acquisition and spread of the disease that is a significant step toward ensuring the health of the citrus industry.

关键词： Citrus yellow vein clearing virus geographical distribution viral detection practical management

Advanced Oxidation process for DNAN Using UV/H2O2

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Engineering 2019年第5期5卷 849-854页

作者： Hailei Su Christos Christodoulatos Benjamin smolinski per Arienti Greg O’Connor Xiaoguang Meng Center for Environmental Systems Stevens Institute of TechnologyHobokenNJ 07030USA US Army RDECOM-ARDEC PicatinnyNJ 07806USA

2,4-Dinitroanisole(DNAN)is an important component of insensitive munitions that is anticipated to replace 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene(TNT)in munitions *** hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)oxidation experiments and chemical analyses were conducted to study the effect of initial pH and H2O2 dosage on the kinetics of DNAN decomposition and the reaction *** results show that DNAN degradation followed zero-order kinetics when a 250 ppm DNAN solution was treated with ultraviolet(UV)light and 1500–4500 ppm H2O2 in an initial pH range of 4–***,when the H2O2 concentration was 750 ppm,DNAN degradation followed pseudo-first-order *** results indicate that DNAN can easily be oxidized by UV/H2O2 *** the H2O2 dosage was 1500 ppm and the initial pH was 7,DNAN was reduced from 250 ppm to less than 1 ppm in 3 ***,the total organic carbon(TOC)and total carbon(TC)concentrations were reduced slowly from 100 to less than 70 ppm carbon(C)in 3 h,and decreased to about 5 ppm after 9 h of treatment,suggesting the formation of other organic *** reaction intermediates were oxidized to carbon dioxide(CO2)at a slower rate than the oxidation of ***2 was emitted from the solution because the solution pH decreased rapidly to about 3 during the UV/H2O2 *** of the nitrogen in DNAN was converted to nitrate by UV/H2O2 oxidation after 9 h of *** research results indicate that UV/H2O2 oxidation is a promising technique for the treatment of DNAN in wastewater.

关键词： 2,4-Dinitroanisole Advanced oxidation processes Wastewater treatment photocatalysis

Satiety testing: Ready for the clinic?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第35期14卷 5371-5376页

作者： michael p Jones Division of Gastroenterology Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611United States

Drink tests are advocated as an inexpensive, nonivasive technique to assess gastric function in patients with a variety of upper digestive symptoms. Many patients with dyspeptic complaints will achieve satiation or develop symptoms at ingested volumes below those typically required to achieve these endpoints in controls. Substantial variation in test performance exists and a greater degree of standardization is required. Additionally, it remains unclear exactly what drink tests measure as correlations with measures of gastric sensation, accomodation and emptying are modest at best. Finally, results of drink tests do not guide therpay. At present, these tests are best reserved for research studies and are not advocated for use in clinical practice.

关键词： Drink test Dyspepsia Gastroparesis

Modelling the smart farm

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Information processing in Agriculture 2017年第3期4卷 179-187页

作者： michael J.O’Grady Gregory M.p.O’Hare School of Computer Science University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland Earth Institute University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland

Smart farming envisages the harnessing of Information and Communication Technologies as an enabler of more efficient,productive,and profitable farming *** technologies do not suffice on their own;rather they must be judiciously combined to deliver meaningful information in near ***-support tools incorporating models of disparate farming activities,either on their own or in combination with other models,offer one popular approach;exemplars include GpFARM,ApSIM,GRAZpLAN amongst many *** models tend to be generic in nature and their adoption by individual farmers is *** technologies offer an opportunity to remedy this situation;farm-specific models that can reflect near real-time events become tractable using such *** on the development,and application of farm-specific models is at a very early *** paper thus presents an overview of models within the farming enterprise;it then reviews the state-of the art in smart technologies that promise to enable a new generation of enterprise-specific models that will underpin future smart farming enterprises.

关键词： Smart agriculture Modelling Sensing Internet of things

Stopover behavior of Red-eyed Vireos(Vireo olivaceus) during fall migration on the coast of the Yucatan peninsula

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 491-502页

作者： Richard Evan Feldman Antonio Celis-Murillo Jill L.Deppe michael p.Ward Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán Unidad de Recursos NaturalesMeridaYucatánMexico prairie Research Institute Illinois Natural History SurveyUniversity of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignIllinoisUSA U.S.Geological Survey Eastern Ecological Science CenterPatuxent Research RefugeLaurelMDUSA National Audubon Society WashingtonDCUSA Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignIllinoisUSA.

Background: For migrating birds, stopover requires spending time and energy that otherwise could be allocated to flying. Thus, birds optimally refuel their subsequent migratory flight by reducing stopover duration or foraging activ-ity in food-rich environments. In coastal habitats, birds may forego refueling and take short stopovers irrespective of local food availability. Given the paucity of studies exploring how migrants adjust stopover behavior in response to temporal variation in food availability, especially in the Neotropics, we fixed radio tags to 51 Red-eyed Vireos(Vireo olivaceous) over two years at two sites on the coast of Mexico's Yucatan ***: We applied VHF radio tags during the fall of 2016 and 2017, and tracked birds using automatic and manual receiving units. We estimated stopover duration and activity levels(one site only) for between six and fifteen birds,depending on site and year. We measured fruit availability weekly along the net lanes where we captured birds. We used a generalized linear model to estimate the relationships between stopover duration/activity level and fruit den-sity, bird body mass and year. We interpreted relationships for the model with the lowest AICc ***: We found that approximately half of the birds departed on the same day they were captured. For the birds that stayed longer, we could not discern whether they did so because they were light, or fruit density was high. On the other hand, lighter birds were more active than heavier birds but only in one of the two ***: Given our results, it is unlikely that Red-eyed Vireos refuel along the Yucatan coast. However, they still likely need to recuperate from crossing the Gulf of Mexico, which may necessitate foraging more often if in poor body condition. If the birds then move inland then stopover should be thought of as a large-scale phenomenon, where habitats with different functions may be spread out over a broad landscape.

关键词： Coastal dune Fruit Geographic barrier Gulf of Mexico phenology Stopover Time?minimization

Liquid crystal-based structural color actuators

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第9期11卷 1994-2017页

作者： pei Zhang Laurens T.de Haan michael G.Debije Albert p.H.J.Schenning Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices Department of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O.Box 5135600 MB EindhovenThe Netherlands Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of TechnologyDen Dolech 25600 MB EindhovenThe Netherlands SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials(DIRM) National Center for International Research on Green OptoelectronicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Animals can modify their body shape and/or color for protection,camouflage and *** adaptability has inspired fabrication of actuators with structural color changes to endow soft robots with additional *** liquid crystal-based materials for actuators with structural color changes is a promising *** this review,we discuss the current state of liquid crystal-based actuators with structural color changes and the potential applications of these structural color actuators in soft robotic devices.

关键词： structural crystal approach.

Concordance among indices of intrinsic brain function： Insights from inter-individual variation and temporal dynamics

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Science Bulletin 2017年第23期62卷 1572-1584页

作者： Chao-Gan Yan Zhen Yang Stanley J. Colcombe Xi-Nian Zuo michael p. Milham CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Institute of Psychology Beijing 100101 China Departrnent of psychology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China center for Lifespan Innovation of Mind and Brain Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Nathan Kline Institute for psychiatric Research Orangeburg NY 10962 USA Department of Child and Adolescent psychiatry NYU Langone Medical Center School of Medicine New York NY 10016 USA Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress Department of Psychiatry Perelman School of Medidne University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Child Mind Institute New York NY 10022 USA

Various resting-state fMRI(R-fMRI) measures have been developed to characterize intrinsic brain activity. While each of these measures has gained a growing presence in the literature, questions remain regarding the common and unique aspects these indices capture. The present work provided a comprehensive examination of inter-individual variation and intra-individual temporal variation for commonly used measures, including fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations, regional homogeneity,voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity, network centrality and global signal correlation. Regardless of whether examining intra-individual or inter-individual variation, we found that these definitionally distinct R-fMRI indices tend to exhibit a relatively high degree of covariation, which doesn't exist in phase randomized surrogate data. As a measure of intrinsic brain function, concordance for R-fMRI indices was negatively correlated with age across individuals(i.e., concordance among functional indices decreased with age). To understand the functional significance of concordance, we noted that higher concordance was generally associated with higher strengths of R-fMRI indices, regardless of whether looking through the lens of inter-individual(i.e., high vs. low concordance participants) or intra-individual(i.e., high *** concordance states identified via temporal dynamic analyses) differences. We also noted a linear increase in functional concordance together with the R-fMRI indices through the scan, which may suggest a decrease in arousal. The current study demonstrated an enriched picture regarding the relationship among the R-fMRI indices, as well as provided new insights in examining dynamic states within and between individuals.

关键词： Resting-state fMRI Intrinsic brain activity Concordance Temporal dynamics Inter-individual variation

Rapid ongoing decline of Baird’s tapir in Cusuco National park, Honduras

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第4期7卷 420-428页

作者： Niall p.McCANN phil M.WHEELER Tim COLES michael W.BRUFORD School of Biosciences Cardiff UniversityCardiffUK Centre for Environmental and Marine Sciences University of HullScarboroughUK Operation Wallacea Wallace HouseOld BolingbrokeUK

During the International Tapir Symposium 16-21 Oct 2011,the conservation of Baird's tapir(Tapirus baindi)in Honduras received a boost with the signing of a memorandum of understanding between the Minister Direc-tor of the Honduran Instute of Conservation and Forestry(CF)and the Tapir Specialist Group(TSG)Despite this agreement,accelerating levels of hunting and habitat loss contimue to pose a threat to Baird's tapir in *** ongoing study in Cusuco National park in northwestern Honduras has been monitoring changes in population dynamics of Baird's tapir since 2006 through the collection of occupancy *** study has iden-tified an increase in hunting pressure,coinciding with a drastic decline in the encounter rate with Baird's tapir ***,we examine the significance of a range of demographic variables on Baird's tapir occupancy in Cu-suco National park using the software pRESENCE,and simulate the effects of different management strategies on the fiuture dynamics of the population using the stochastic simulation software VORTEX The predictions of the theoretical population models are compared to observed changes in occupancy *** found that non-intervention resulted in the local extinction of Baird's tapir within a very short time fiame,but that various in-tervention models enabled the population to recover to near carrying *** and extinction prob-ability were shown to respond marlkedly to the increase in hunting pressure;and occupancy models supported the fiuture population predictions generated by *** study suggests that immediate intervention is re-quired to reduce hunting pressure to near historical levels to prevent the imminent 1ocal extinction of the species.

关键词： Baird's tapir Honduras population viability analysis pRESENCE VORTEX

Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope evidence of human and pig diets at the Qinglongquan site,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第4期54卷 519-527页

作者： GUO Yi HU YaoWu ZHU JunYing ZHOU Mi WANG ChangSui michael p. RICHARDS Department of Human Evolution Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology Leipzig D-04103 Germany Lab of Human Evolution Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China Department of Scientific History andArchaeometry Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Cultural Heritage and Museology School of Humanities Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310028 China Hubei provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology Wuhan 430077 China

previous studies on the Rice-Millet （foxtail millet and common millet） Blended Zone in Chinese Neolithic have not clearly addressed such questions as the importance of primitive rice-millet mixed agriculture to human lifestyle and livestock managements within this region, the relationship among the development of the agriculture, paleoenvironment, and cultural interactions, and so on. Here stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis of human and pig bones from the Qinglongquan site was conducted, covering two cultural phases, namely the Qujialing Culture （3000 BC to 2600 BC） and the Shijiahe Culture （2600 BC to 2200 BC）. Based on this analysis, we further discussed the diets of ancient humans and pigs in the site, investigated the importance of rice-millet mixed agriculture to human and pig diets, and explored the relationship among the primitive rice agriculture and millet agriculture, cultural interactions, and paleoenvironment. The δ^13C values of human bone collagen （-16.7‰ to -12.4‰, averaging -14.6‰±1.3‰, n=24） revealed that both C3 and Ca foods were consumed, probably from the contribution of rice （C3 plant） and millets （C4 plants） due to the coexistence of these crops at this site. In addition, the human mean δ^13C value suggested that millet agriculture was only minor in human diets. The human δ^15N values （6.6‰ to 10.8‰, averaging 9.0‰±1.2‰, n=24） showed that animal resources played a significant role in human diets, and varied greatly. The mean δ^13C value of the pigs （-14.3‰±2.5‰, n=13） was quite similar to that of the humans, but the mean δ^15N value of the pigs was slightly less （1.3‰） The similar δ^13C and δ^15N values between humans and pigs suggested that the pigs consumed a lot of humans＇ food remains. No correlations of the δ^13C and δ^15N values between humans and pigs showed that both human and pig diets were based mainly on plant foods, which might be related to highly developed rice-millet mixed agriculture at that time. In comparison with the

关键词： paleodiet the Rice-Millet Blended Zone stable isotope cultural interaction paleoenvironment