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Neurocircuit regeneration by extracellular matrix reprogramming

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2300-2301页

作者： Shengzhang Su Ian N.Levasseur Kimberly m.Alonge Department of medicinal Chemistry University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Department of Chemistry University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Department of medicine University of Washington Medicine Diabetes InstituteSeattleWAUSA

The brain's extracellular matrix(ECm),which is comprised of protein and glycosaminoglycan(GAG)scaffolds,constitutes 20%-40% of the human brain and is considered one of the largest influencers on brain cell functioning(Soles et al.,2023).Synthesized by neural and glial cells,the brain's ECm regulates a myriad of homeostatic cellular processes,including neuronal plasticity and firing(miyata et al.,2012),cation buffering(moraws ki et al.,2015),and glia-neuron interactions(Anderson et al.,2016).Considering the diversity of functions,dynamic remodeling of the brain's ECm indicates that this understudied medium is an active participant in both normal physiology and neurological diseases.

关键词： matrix programming

maintenance of water uptake and reduced water loss contributeto water stress tolerance of Spiraea alba Du Roi and Spiraeatomentosa L.

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Horticulture Research 2014年第1期1卷 150-156页

作者： Kelly m Stanton michael V mickelbart Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Two primarily eastern US native shrubs,Spiraea alba Du Roi and Spiraea tomentosa L.,are typically found growing in wet areas,often with standing *** species have potential for use in the landscape,but little is known of their environmental requirements,including their adaptation to water *** geographic accessions of each species were evaluated for their response to water stress under greenhouse ***-ground biomass,water relations and gas exchange were measured in well-watered and water stress *** both species,water stress resulted in reduced growth,transpiration and pre-dawn water ***,both species also exhibited the ability to osmotically adjust to lower soil water content,resulting in maintained midday leaf turgor potential in all *** CO_(2) assimilation was reduced only in one accession of ***,primarily due to large reductions in stomatal *** lost a larger proportion of leaves than *** in response to water *** primary water stress tolerance strategies of *** and *** appear to be the maintenance of water uptake and reduced water loss.

关键词： stress primarily landscape

Chiral logic computing with twisted antiferromagnetic magnon modes

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npj Computational materials 2021年第1期7卷 917-924页

作者： Chenglong Jia min Chen Alexander F.schäffer Jamal Berakdar Key Laboratory for magnetism and magnetic materials of the ministry of Education&Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina Institut für Physik Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-WittenbergHalle(Saale)Germany

Antiferromagnetic(AFm)materials offer an exciting platform for ultrafast information handling with low cross-talks and compatibility with existing *** interesting for low-energy cost computing is the spin wave-based realization of logic gates,which has been demonstrated experimentally for ferromagnetic ***,we predict chiral magnonic eigenmodes with a finite intrinsic,magnonic orbital angular momentumℓin AFm waveguides.ℓis an unbounded integer determined by the spatial topology of the *** show how these chiral modes can serve for multiplex AFm magnonic computing by demonstrating the operation of several symmetry-and topology-protected logic gates.A Dzyaloshinskii–moriya interaction may arise at the waveguide boundaries,allowing coupling to external electric fields and resulting in a Faraday *** uncovered aspects highlight the potential of AFm spintronics for swift data communication and handling with high fidelity and at a low-energy cost.

关键词： ferromagnetic topology chiral

At the Intersection： merging Ca2＋ and ROS Signaling Pathways in Pollen

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molecular Plant 2014年第11期7卷 1595-1597页

作者： michael m. Wudick José A. Feijó Department of Cell Biology and molecular Genetics University of Maryland College Park MD 20742–5815 USA Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia 2780-156 Oeiras Portugal

THE mIXED BLESSING OF ROS： DON＇T YOU KNOW THAT I＇m TOXIC？Due to plants＇ aerobic metabolism, reactive oxygen species （ROS） continuously accrue in different tissues and organs as a by-product of many metabolic reactions. Despite their toxic activity, plants also rely on ROS as a major form of second messenger to integrate, induce, and/or propagate biotic and abiotic signals and signaling cascades. Being small, short-lived, and rapidly diffusible makes ROS ideal messenger molecules for local biochemi- cal reactions. Hence, a delicate fine-tuning of localized ROS production and signaling events is crucial for many physi- ologic processes.

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Up-regulation of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 during human liver injury

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第12期12卷 1937-1940页

作者： Lauren m Aleksunes José Emanautou michael Goedken University of Connecticut Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUnit 3092StorrsCTUnited States University of Connecticut Department of PathobiologyUnit 3089StorrsCTUnited States

AIm： To investigate the expression and activity of NAD（P）H quinone oxidoreductase 1 （NQO1） in human liver specimens obtained from patients with liver damage due to acetaminophen （APAP） overdose or primary biliary cirrhosis （PBC）. mETHODS： NQOt activity was determined in cytosol from normal, APAP and PBC liver specimens. Western blot and immunohistochemical staining were used to determine patterns of NQO1 expression using a specific antibody against NQO1. RESULTS： NQO1 protein was very low in normal human livers. In both APAP and PBC livers, there was strong induction of NQO1 protein levels on Western blot. Correspondingly, significant up-regulation of enzyme activity （16- and 22-fold, P〈0.05） was also observed in APAP and PBC livers, respectively. Immunohistochemical analysis highlighted injury-specific patterns of NQO1 staining in both APAP and PBC livers. CONCLUSION： These data demonstrate that NQO1 protein and activity are markedly induced in human livers during both APAP overdose and PBC. Up-regulation of this cytoprotective enzyme may represent an adaptive stress response to limit further disease progression by detoxifying reactive species.

关键词： NQO1 Quinone oxidoreductase Acetaminophen, APAP, Primary biliary cirrhosis PBC Nrf2, Diaphorase

Probing the formation of ultrastable metallic glass from structural heterogeneity

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2022年第9期104卷 214-223页

作者： Qijing Sun Davidm miskovic michael Ferry school of materials Science and Engineering The University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia

Ultrastable metallic glasses(SmGs)exhibit enhanced stability comparable to those of conventional glasses aged for thousands of *** ability to understand why certain alloy compositions and processing conditions generate an SmG is an emerging ***,amplitude-modulation dynamic atomic force microscopy was utilized for tracking the structure of Zr_(50)Cu_(50),Zr_(50)Cu_(44.5)Al_(5.5)and Zr_(50)Cu_(41.5)Al_(5.5)mo_(3) thin film metallic glasses(TFmGs)that were produced by direct current magnetron sputtering at room temperature with the rate of deposition being the only *** transition in stability from bulkto SmG-like behavior resides in the change of relaxation mechanism as the deposition rate is *** formation of SmGs is directly linked with the degree of structural heterogeneity,whereby mGs with greater heterogeneity have a higher potential to form SmGs with more significant enhancement in *** deposition rates,however,are required to yield the more homogenous structure and lower energy state underlying the *** is closely linked with the geometric shape and distribution of loosely packed phases,whereby SmGs containing more slender loosely packed phases with a more skewed distribution achieve more significant improvements in *** work not only provides direct evidence of the structure of SmGs,but also opens new horizons for the design of SmGs.

关键词： Ultrastable metallic glass Structural heterogeneity Relaxation dynamics Amplitude-modulation dynamic atomic force microscopy

A Posteriori Error Estimates for Finite Element methods for Systems of Nonlinear,Dispersive Equations

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Communications on Applied mathematics and Computation 2022年第3期4卷 823-854页

作者： Ohannes A.Karakashian michael m.Wise Department of mathematics University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA Advanced Technology Integration Department DyneticsInc.HuntsvilleALUSA

The present study regards the numerical approximation of solutions of systems of Korteweg-de Vries type,coupled through their nonlinear *** our previous work[9],we constructed conservative and dissipative finite element methods for these systems and presented a priori error estimates for the semidiscrete *** this sequel,we present a posteriori error estimates for the semidiscrete and fully discrete approximations introduced in[9].The key tool employed to effect our analysis is the dispersive reconstruction devel-oped by Karakashian and makridakis[20]for related discontinuous Galerkin *** conclude by providing a set of numerical experiments designed to validate the a posteriori theory and explore the effectivity of the resulting error indicators.

关键词： Finite element methods Discontinuous Galerkin methods Korteweg-de Vries equation A posteriori error estimates Conservation laws Nonlinear equations Dispersive equations

Optical prediction of single muscle fiber force production using a combined biomechatronics and second harmonic generation imaging approach

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 289-302页

作者： Dominik schneidereit Stefanie Nübler Gerhard Prölß Barbara Reischl Sebastian schürmann Oliver J müller Oliver Friedrich Institute of medical Biotechnology Friedrich-Alexander-University(FAU)Erlangen-NürnbergPaul-Gordan-Str.391052 ErlangenGermany Erlangen Graduate school in Advanced Optical Technologies(SAOT) FAU Erlangen-NürnbergPaul-Gordan-Str.791052 ErlangenGermany muscle Research Center Erlangen(mURCE) Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Department of Internal medicine III University of KielArnold-Heller-Str.324105 KielGermany DZHK(German Center for Cardiovascular Research)Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck KielGermany

Skeletal muscle is an archetypal organ whose structure is tuned to match *** magnitude of order in muscle fibers and myofibrils containing motor protein polymers determines the directed force output of the summed force vectors and,therefore,the muscle’s power performance on the structural *** and function can change dramatically during disease states involving chronic *** remodeling of the cytoarchitecture has been pursued using noninvasive and label-free multiphoton second harmonic generation(SHG)***,structure parameters can be extracted as a measure of myofibrillar order and thus are suggestive of the force output that a remodeled structure can still ***,to date,the parameters have only been an indirect measure,and a precise calibration of optical SHG assessment for an exerted force has been elusive as no technology in existence correlates these *** engineered a novel,automated,high-precision biomechatronics system into a multiphoton microscope allows simultaneous isometric Ca2+-graded force or passive viscoelasticity measurements and SHG *** this mechamorph system,we studied force and SHG in single EDL muscle fibers from wt and mdx mice;the latter serves as a model for compromised force and abnormal myofibrillar *** present Ca2+-graded isometric force,pCa-force curves,passive viscoelastic parameters and 3D structure in the same fiber for the first ***,we provide a direct calibration of isometric force to morphology,which allows noninvasive prediction of the force output of single fibers from only multiphoton images,suggesting a potential application in the diagnosis of myopathies.

关键词： structure harmonic fibers

Exotic parrots breeding in urban tree cavities: nesting requirements, geographic distribution, and potential impacts on cavity nesting birds in southeast Florida

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Avian Research 2019年第4期10卷 459-468页

作者： Joshua m.Diamond michael S.Ross Florida International University Earth & Environment

Background:Exotic parrots have established breeding populations in southeast Florida,including several species that nest in tree *** aimed to determine the species identity,nest site requirements,relative nest abundance,geographic distribution,and interactions of parrots with native cavity-nesting bird ***:We searched miami-Dade County,Florida,and nearby areas for natural cavities and holes excavated by woodpeckers,recording attributes of potential nest *** inspected all cavities with an elevated video inspection system to determine occupancy by parrots or other *** mapped nearly 4000 citizen science observations of parrots in our study area corresponding to our study period,and used these to construct range maps,comparing them to our nesting ***:Not all parrots reported or observed in our study area were actively *** parrots were observed at tree cavities,which previous studies have suggested is evidence of reproduction,but our inspections with an elevated video inspection system suggest they never initiated nesting *** parrot species did successfully nest in tree cavities,Red-masked Parakeets(Psittacara erythrogenys)and Orange-winged Parrots(Amazona amazonica)being the most common(n=7 and 6 nests,respectively).These two parrots had similar nesting requirements,but Orange-winged Parrots use nests with larger entrance holes,which they often *** analysis of nests combined with citizen science data indicate that parrots are limited to developed *** most common parrots were less abundant cavity nesters than the native birds which persist in miami’s urban areas,and far less abundant than the invasive European Starling(Sturnus vulgaris).Conclusions:Exotic parrots breeding elsewhere in the world have harmed native cavity-nesting birds through interference competition,but competitive interference in southeast Florida is minimized by the urban affinities of parrots in this ***

关键词： Amazona Cavity nest webs Invasive species Parakeets Psittacara Urban ecology