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Some Aspects of modification in American English

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外语教学与研究 1980年第1期 21-28页

作者： Edward m.anthony University of michigan

修饰关系可以分为词义性修饰和语法性修饰两种。词义上的修饰是多向的,即有关的词语彼此相互限定意义。语法上的修饰则是指所谓的偏正(或译“向心”)结构词组中限定词对于中心词的修饰关系。本文着重讨论美国英语(大体上也适用于别种英... 详细信息

修饰关系可以分为词义性修饰和语法性修饰两种。词义上的修饰是多向的,即有关的词语彼此相互限定意义。语法上的修饰则是指所谓的偏正(或译“向心”)结构词组中限定词对于中心词的修饰关系。本文着重讨论美国英语(大体上也适用于别种英语)中的语法性修饰关系。按习惯说法,名词、动词总是作中心词,形容词、副词总是作限定词,形容词主要修饰名词,副词通常修饰动词。遇有不符合这一通则的情况,往往就给有关的成分另立名目,例如动词用作名词性词组的中心词就叫做“动名词”,动词修饰名词就叫做“动形词”等等。本文提出并列举实例论证了如下的假说,即英语名、动、形、副四大词类都可以互相修饰,即每一词类既可作中心词,又可以作限定词,两两相配可以得出十六种不同的偏正词组。提出这一假说的目的,在于扩大关于修饰的传统观念,以便更全面地概括英语中词与词间的各种修饰关系。

关键词： Some Aspects of modification in American English

Scalable Ir‑Doped NiFe_(2)O_(4)/TiO_(2)Heterojunction Anode for Decentralized Saline Wastewater Treatment and H_(2)Production

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Nano-micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 1-18页

作者： Sukhwa Hong Jiseon Kim Jaebeom Park Sunmi Im michael R.Hoffmann Kangwoo Cho Division of Environmental Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 790−784Korea Linde Laboratory California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91125USA Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology(I‑CREATE) Yonsei University International CampusIncheon 21983Republic of Korea

Wastewater electrolysis cells(WECs)for decentralized wastewater treatment/reuse coupled with H_(2)production can reduce the carbon footprint associated with transportation of water,waste,and energy *** study reports Ir-doped NiFe_(2)O_(4)(NFI,~5 at%Ir)spinel layer with TiO_(2)overlayer(NFI/TiO_(2)),as a scalable heterojunction anode for direct electrolysis of wastewater with circumneutral pH in a single-compartment *** dilute(0.1 m)NaCl solutions,the NFI/TiO_(2)marks superior activity and selectivity for chlorine evolution reaction,outperforming the benchmark IrO_(2).Robust operation in near-neutral pH was *** including operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy unveiled crucial roles of TiO_(2) which serves both as the primary site for Cl−chemisorption and a protective layer for NFI as an ohmic *** electrolysis of NH4+-laden synthetic wastewater demonstrated that NFI/TiO_(2)not only achieves quasi-stoichiometric NH_(4)^(+)-to-N_(2)conversion,but also enhances H_(2)generation efficiency with minimal competing reactions such as reduction of dissolved oxygen and reactive *** scaled-up WEC with NFI/TiO_(2)was demonstrated for electrolysis of toilet wastewater.

关键词： Wastewater electrolysis cell Ir-doped NiFe_(2)O_(4) Reactive chlorine species Decentralized H_(2)production On-site wastewater treatment

Diversity, abundance, and structure of tree communities in the Uluguru forests in the morogoro region, Tanzania

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第3期26卷 557-569页

作者： David Sylvester Kacholi anthony michael Whitbread martin Worbes Crop Production Systems in the Tropics Georg-August University Goettingen Grisebachstr. 6 37077 GoettingenGermany Department of Biological Sciences Dar es Salaam University College of Education (DUCE)P. O. Box 2329 Dar es Salaam Tanzania International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Patancheru 502324 Andhra PradeshIndia

Uluguru forests are globally recognized as important biodiversity hotspots, but anthropogenic pressure threatens their value. This study examined species diver- sity, abundance, and structure of trees in the Uluguru for- ests. All trees of diameter at breast height （DBH）〉 10 cm were inventoried in seven forests ranging from 3 to 995 ha in area. A total of 900 stems, 101 species and 34 families were inventoried. Fabaceae was the most speciose family. Ehretia amoena Klotzsch was the most abundant species with relative abundance of 9.22 %. The forests differed significantly in species richness （26-93 species ha-l）, tree density （85-390 stems ha-l）, basal area （3-24 m2 ha-1） and Shannon-Wiener diversity （2.50--4.02）. Forest area was significantly and positively correlated with species richness （r = 0.92） and species diversity （r = 0.95）. Tree density showed significant positive correlation with speciesrichness （r = 0.80） and basal area （r = 0.85）. milawilila and Nemele forests had highest floristic similarity （0.55） followed by Kimboza and Kilengwe （0.54） while the rest had similarity coefficients of less than 0.50. Despite leg- islative protection, many forests remain at risk and there- fore the possibility to conserve highly valuable tree species via enhanced protection or cultivation must be considered.

关键词： Eastern arc Biodiversity Disturbance Hotspots Similarity

Effects of Andrade and Burgers rheologies on glacial isostatic adjustment modeling in Antarctica

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第5期15卷 429-440页

作者： Alexandre Boughanemi anthony mémin UniversitéCôte d'Azur CNRSObservatoire de la Côte d'AzurIRDGéoazur250 rue Albert EinsteinSophia Antipolis 06560 ValbonneFrance

Variations in ice mass deform the Earth and modify its gravity field,a process known as Glacial Isostatic Adjustment(GIA).GIA in Antarctica remains poorly constrained due to the cumulative effect of past and present ice-mass changes,the unknown history of the past ice-mass change,and the uncertainties on the mechanical properties of the *** paper investigates the effect of using Andrade and Burgers viscoelastic rheologies,rather than the commonly used maxwell rheology,to model GIA-induced deformation in *** Love number and Green's function formalism are used to compute the radial surface displacements and the gravity changes induced by the past and present ice-mass *** consider an Earth model whose elastic properties and radial structure are averaged from the Preliminary Reference Earth model and two viscosity profiles to account for the recently published results on the present ice-mass *** the three rheological laws affects the temporal response of the Earth differently,leading to smaller discrepancies than those induced by the two viscosity *** differences are the largest between maxwell and Burgers rheologies during the 100-1000 years following the beginning of the surface-mass *** show that using the Andrade and Burgers rheologies allows the Earth to respond on decennial to centennial time scales,up to 10 m more than *** only the recent ice-mass changes,the deformation rates derived from Burgers and Andrade rheologies are several times larger than those estimated by maxwell rheology.

关键词： GIA Antarctica modeling Rheology Displacement Viscosity GNSS

An Inchworm-inspired Robot Based on modular Body, Electronics and Passive Friction Pads Performing the Two-anchor Crawl Gait

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2018年第5期15卷 820-826页

作者： Flavio moreira anthony Abundis michael Aguirre Justin Castillo Pranav A. Bhounsule Robotics and motion Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio rX78249 USA

We have created an inchworm robot capable of the two-anchor crawl gait on level ground and inclined plane. The main novelty is in the design of the inchworm：（1） three-part body that is 3D printed and actuated by two servo motors to allow a looping and lengthening action, （2） passive friction pads to anchor the feet, each of which may be disengaged using a servo motor actuated lever arm, and （3） modular body and electronics. The robot is about 2 feet （61 cm） in length, has a mass of about 4 kg, and uses an open-loop controller to achieve steady crawling gait. The inchworm robot achieved a speed of 2.54 *** on level ground as well as on an incline plane of 19~. The energy usage as measured by the mechanical Cost of Transport （a non-dimensional number defined as the energy used per unit weight per unit distance moved） is 3.34. Our results indicate that simple robotic designs that copy the basic features of natural organisms provide a promising alternative over conventional wheeled robots.

关键词： inchworm bioinspiration two-anchor crawl gait 3D printing sliding locomotion cost of transport

Pancreatic sphincterotomy:Technique,indications,and complications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第30期13卷 4064-4071页

作者： Jonathan m Buscaglia anthony N Kalloo Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore MD 21205 United States

Pancreatic sphincterotomy serves as the cornerstone of endoscopic therapy of the pancreas. Historically, its indications have been less well-defined than those of endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy, yet it plays a definite and useful role in diseases such as chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic-type sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. In the appropriate setting, it may be used as a single therapeutic maneuver, or in conjunction with other endoscopic techniques such as pancreatic stone extraction or stent placement. The current standard of practice utilizes two different methods of performing pancreatic sphincterotomy: a pull-type sphincterotome technique without prior stent placement, and a needle-knife sphincterotome technique over an existing stent. The complications associated with pancreatic sphincterotomy are many, although acute pancreatitis appears to be the most common and the most serious of the early complications. As such, it continues to be reserved for those endoscopists who perform a relatively high-volume of therapeutic pancreaticobiliary endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography.

关键词： Pancreas Sphincterotomy Endoscopic Technique Indications Complications

What we have learned from randomized trials of prostate cancer screening

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第3期13卷 369-373,510页

作者： Richard m Hoffman anthony Y Smith medicine Service New Mexico VA Health Care System Albuquerque NM 87108 USA Department of medicine University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque NM 87108 USA Department of Surgery University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque NM 87108 USA

The introduction of prostate-specific antigen （PSA） for prostate cancer screening in the late 1980s led to an epidemic of prostate cancer, particularly in developed countries. However, the first valid reports from randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of screening were not published until 2009. men in the screening group in the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer were 20% less likely than those in the control group to die from prostate cancer. The absolute difference was only 0.7/1000, implying that over 1400 men needed to be screened to prevent one prostate cancer death. Screening was also associated with a 70% increased risk for being diagnosed with prostate cancer. The American Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial found no survival benefit for screening. Results were not conclusive because a substantial proportion of study subjects had previously undergone PSA testing, over half of the control group had PSA testing, follow-up was relatively short, and fewer than 100 subjects died from prostate cancer. Balancing the potential survival benefit from screening is the risk of overdiagnosis--finding cancers that would not otherwise cause clinical problems^and the risk of treatment complications, including urinary, sexual and bowel dysfunction. Prostate cancer screening efforts would benefit from improved biomarkers, which more readily identify clinically important cancers. Cancer control efforts might also need to include chemoprevention, though currently available agents are controversial. In the meantime, oatients need to be supoorted in achievine informed decisions on whether to be screened for orostate cancer.

关键词： cancer screening prostate-specific antigen prostatic neoplasms randomized controlled trials as topic

Cultural Constructions of Female Embodiment in China

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Cultural Constructions of Female Embodiment in China

作者： Kueppers anthony michael 华东师范大学

学位级别：硕士

Women's bodies,more so than men's,are often sites for exploitation,political propaganda,and the materialization of normative gender *** feminists have been concerned with problematizing ‘the body' as a gender-neutral,malleable object,of which Western philosophy has long taken the body for *** doing so,they have attempted to form ontologies and metaphysics that are a.)Not based in the Cartesian mind/body dualism and b.)Account for gender and sex as a cultural construction and not something inherent to the *** phenomenologist thinkers have posited embodiment as an *** scholars have positively questioned whether traditional Chinese thought could provide Western feminists with the ontologies and metaphysics they ***,does such a question romanticize the complexities of the role gender has played in Chinese history,culture,and politics? Given the long historical transcendence and impact of patriarchal systems of thought such as Confucianism,paired with the invisible and visible gaze of the male consumer in the market system of contemporary China,could Chinese thinking on gender benefit from Western feminists use of the concept of embodiment? With these thoughts in mind,this thesis explores the use of the concept of embodiment as a tool for analysis for studying gender and sexuality in post-reform *** by close readings of key texts on embodiment and women and gender studies and drawing on critical theory and feminist research methods,we analyze political,historical,social,and cultural phenomenon to discuss and explore the centrality of the body in explaining women's liberation and oppression in general by looking at contemporary China in *** begin by providing context both within the Western philosophical tradition's thinking on the body and gender and the Chinese philosophical tradition's thinking on the body and *** contextualizing and situating the thesis,we provide an integrated defi

关键词： Embodiment feminism women's studies gender studies China

Evaluation of stress-control layout at the Subtropolis mine,Petersburg,Ohio

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International Journal of mining Science and Technology 2020年第1期30卷 77-83页

作者： anthony Iannacchione Tim miller Gabriel Esterhuizen Brent Slaker michael murphy Natalie Cope Scott Thayer Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15216USA East Fairfield Coal Company North LimaOH 44452USA National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH) Pittsburgh Mining Research DivisionPittsburghPA 15236USA mine Vision Systems Inc. PittsburghPA 1520USA

The Subtropolis room-and-pillar mine extracts the Vanport Limestone(Allegheny Formation,Pennsylvanian System)near Petersburg,*** instability problems associated with excessive concentrations of lateral stress caused the mine operator to implement a change in layout *** mining method has been identified as a stress control layout and has been used by other underground stone mines in the past with varying degrees of *** experience has shown that entry headings advance in the direction of the principal lateral stress,producing lower stress concentrations with better mining *** is important to minimize stress concentrations along the mining front,so an arrowshaped advance is *** technique advances more developments(headings)in a"good"direction and reduces developments(crosscuts)in the"bad direction."As is expected,the stress control layout enhances the potential for shear failures in *** is,therefore,important to focus crosscut engineering interventions that either:(a)lower stress concentrations(for example,an arched roof)or(b)enhance strength of the strata containing the shears(for example,rock reinforcement).This study focuses on observing strata conditions on a regular basis and monitoring the response of these strata to changing geologic and mining conditions through 3D Dynamic LiDAR scans.

关键词： Horizontal stress Stress-control layouts Underground stone mines