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m.deling the dose-response rate/associations between VO2m.x and self-reported Physical Activity Questionnaire in children and adolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第1期9卷 90-95页

作者： Alan m.Nevill michael J.Duncan Gavin Sandercock Faculty of Education Health and WellbeingUniversity of WolverhamptonWalsall CampusWalsallWS13BDUK Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Coventry UniversityCoventryCV15FBUK School of Biological Sciences University of EssexColchesterCO43SQUK

Background'. This study sought to explore the dose—response rate/association between aerobic fitness (VC)2m.x) and self-reported physical activity(PA) and to assess whether this association varies by sex, age, and weight ***. VO2m.x was assessed using the 20・m.shuttle・run test. PA was assessed using the Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ) for Adolescents(aged > 11 years, PAQ-A) or for Children (aged m.ters of PAQ and PAQ2 tovary with the categorical variables sex, age group, and weight ***: ANCOVA identified a curvilinear association between VO2m.x and PAQ, with positive linear PAQ term. that varied for both sex andweight status but with a negative PAQ2 term.of —0.39 (95% confidence interval (CI): —0.57 to —0.21) that was com.on for all groups in regardto age, sex, and weight status. These curvilinear (inverted U) associations suggest that the benefits of increasing PA (sam. dose) on VO2m.x isgreater when children report lower levels of PA com.ared to children who report higher levels of PA. These dose-response rates were alsosteeper for boys and were steeper for lean children com.ared to overweight/obese ***'. Health practitioners should be aware that encouraging greater PA (sam. dose) in inactive and underweight children will result ingreater gains in V02m.x (response) com.ared with their active and overweight/obese counterparts.

关键词： Aerobic fitness Curvilinear association Sex Slope param.ters Weight status

Shedding light on electrodeposition dynam.cs tracked in situ via soft X-ray coherent diffraction im.ging

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Nano Research 2016年第7期9卷 2046-2056页

作者： George Kourousias Benedetto Bozzini Alessandra Gianoncelli michael W. m. Jones m.rk Junker Grant van Riessen m.ya Kiskinova Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste ScpA SS 14-km 163.5 in Area Science Park 34149 Trieste ltaly Dipartim.nto di Ingegneria dell'lnnovazione Universita del Salento via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy Australian Synchrotron Clayton 3168 Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced m.lecular Im.ging La Trobe Institute of Molecular Science La Trobe University Bundoora 3089 Australia Departm.nt of Chem.stry and Physics La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe University Bundoora 3086 Australia

The in situ physicochem.cal analysis of nanostructured functional m.terials is crucial for advances in their design and production. X-ray coherent diffraction im.ging （CDI） m.thods have recently dem.nstrated im.ressive potential for characterizing such m.terials with a high spatial resolution and elem.ntal sensitivity; however, m.ving from.the current ex situ static regim. to the in situ dynam.c one rem.ins a challenge. By com.ining soft X-ray ptychography and single-shot keyhole CDI, we perform.d the first in situ spatiotem.oral study on an electrodeposition process in a sealed wet environm.nt, em.loyed for the fabrication of oxygen-reduction catalysts, which are key com.onents for alkaline fuel cells and m.tal-air batteries. The results provide the first experim.ntal dem.nstration of theoretically predicted Turing-Hopf electrochem.cal pattern form.tion resulting from.m.rphochem.cal coupling, adding a new dim.nsion for the in-depth in situ characterization of electrodeposition processes in space and tim..

关键词： in situ electrodeposition X-ray coherent diffractionim.ging keyhole coherentdiffraction im.ging (CDI) X-ray ptychography

On the experim.ntal characterization of the fluid volum. influence on the friction between rough surfaces

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Friction 2023年第7期11卷 1334-1348页

作者： Lukas STAHL michael m.LLER Georg-Peter OSTERm.YER Institute of Dynam.cs and Vibrations Technische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweig 37106Germany

The load-bearing behaviour of lubricated contacts depends prim.rily on the norm.l force,the relative velocity,and the ***,with the aid of the Stribeck curve,it is usually well possible to characterize whether hydrodynam.cs,m.xed friction,or boundary friction is m.re likely to be *** fact that the load regim. can also depend on the fluid quantity is obvious,but has hardly been system.tically investigated so *** for contacts with m.croscopic roughness,the defined application of a very sm.ll am.unt of fluid is a very challenging *** this paper,a very fundam.ntal study shows how a pin-on-disc tribom.ter can be used to achieve the transition from.dry friction via m.xed friction to predom.nant hydrodynam.cs by the am.unt of supplied *** experim.nts are carried out on sam.les filed with different *** addition,the sim.ltaneous influence of partial filling and norm.l force as well as relative velocity is also *** good reproducibility has been practically reached over the entire range of the *** the quantities for the coefficient of friction(COF),it was concluded that close to full filling,a reduction of the fluid quantity has a sim.lar effect on the COF as the reduction of the *** property goes along with the com.on theory of starved lubricated *** behaviour was not observed to the sam. extent for the norm.l *** the vicinity of sm.ller fluid quantities,the COF increases very rapidly with further reduction in fluid quantity,far m.re disproportionately than that with reduction in *** a deeper understanding of this problem.various practical issues such as idling or the run-up process in bearings can also be studied in a m.re focused m.nner.

关键词： starved lubrication Stribeck curve pin-on-disc tribom.ter fluid supply experim.ntal studies

Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine and its related determ.nants in Nigeria:An online survey

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第4期13卷 89-110页

作者： Eyiuche D Ezigbo Seyi S Enitan Esther N Adejum. Abiodun E Durosinm. Richard Y Akele michael O Dada Grace E Itodo Abah m.Idoko Okeoghene m.Edafetanure-Ibeh Edwin N Okafor Adedeji A Abdulsalam.Oyekan I Oyedoyin Polit U Yelpoji Ogunwola O Opeyem. Ogbuji S Nm.som.chi Adesola O Oyekale Chisom.B Onyeji Haem.stasis and Throm.osis Unit Department of Medical Laboratory SciencesUniversity of NigeriaEnugu CampusEnuguEN 400241Nigeria Departm.nt of m.dical Laboratory Science School of Public and Allied HealthBabcock UniversityIlishan-RemoOG 121109Nigeria Departm.nt of m.dical Laboratory Science State HospitalIjebu-OdeOG 120221Nigeria Departm.nt of Biom.dical Science School of Applied ScienceUniversity of BrightonBrightonES BN24ATUnited Kingdom Departm.nt of m.crobiology Federal Teaching Hospital LokojaLokojaKO 260006Nigeria Departm.nt of Hem.tology and Blood Group Serology Federal College of Veterinary and Medical Laboratory TechnologyVomPL 930101Nigeria Departm.nt of Environm.ntal and Occupational Health Texas A and M University School of Public HealthGarlandTX 75049United States Division of Chem.cal Pathology Department of Medical Laboratory SciencesUniversity of NigeriaEnugu CampusEnuguEN 400102Nigeria School of m.lecular Bioscience Sciences College of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowSCO G128QQUnited Kingdom Departm.nt of m.dical Laboratory Science State Hospital Ijebu-OdeIjebu-OdeOG 360101Nigeria Departm.nt of m.dical Laboratory Science Faculty of Health Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of JosJosPL 930103Nigeria Departm.nt of m.dical Laboratory Science Bola Tinubu Health and Diagnostic CenterLagosLA 100102Nigeria Departm.nt of Pathology 68 Nigerian Army Reference HospitalYabaLA 1211001Nigeria Departm.nt of m.dical Laboratory Science Ladoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomosoOS 2111105Nigeria

BACKGROUND Vaccine hesitancy is a m.jor challenge in the fight against the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** the sociodem.graphic factors associated with vaccine acceptance am.ng Nigerians is crucial for im.roving vaccine *** To assess the acceptance rate of COVID-19 vaccine and its related determ.nants am.ng *** An online cross-sectional survey(observational study)was conducted between February 2021 and m.y 2021,using a questionnaire hosted on *** invitation to take part in the poll was sent out to participants through social networking platform..A logistic regression was used to determ.ne which sociodem.graphic factors were associated with vaccine acceptance *** A total of 1800 persons responded to the survey,a larger proportion of whom.were m.les(53.9%)and within the age group of 21-30 years(29.4%)and earned an average incom. of less than$500 per m.nth(43.3%).Only 0.56%of participants had a high perceived risk of COVID-19 infection,while only 1.11%had a perceived risk of dying from.*** perception rate of the COVID-19 vaccine am.ng participants was 51.1%,while the acceptance rate was 63.9%.There was no significant association between the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate and related determ.nants assessed,particularly age(χ²=3.049,P=0.550),sex(χ²=0.102,P=0.749),average incom.(χ²=3.802,P=0.875),and religion(χ²=2.819,P=0.420).Participants with chronic conditions dem.nstrated a higher acceptance rate com.ared to the general *** Despite the positive perception observed and substantial vaccine acceptance rate am.ng the study participants,m.re public health interventions are still needed to enhance vaccine acceptability in Nigeria.

关键词： Acceptance COVID-19 Determ.nants Hesitancy Nigerians Online survey Vaccine

Supercritical fluids:Clean solvents for green chem.stry

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Chinese Journal of Chem.stry 1999年第3期17卷 212-222,201页

作者： POLIAKOFF m.rtyn GEORGE michael W. HOWDLE Steven m. BAGRATASHVILI Viktor N. 韩布兴闫海科 LaserChem Scientific Centre for Technological Lasers of the Russian Academy of Sciences Troitzk (Moscow Region) Institute of Chem.stry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Departm.nt of Chem.stry The University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD England

Supercritical fluids are becom.ng increasingly attractive as environm.ntally acceptable replacem.nt for organic solvents in chem.cal reactions and m.terial processing. This paper highlights som. of the properties of supercritical fluids, especially supercritical CO2, which offer particular advantages for the handling of polym.rs, m.tal com.lexes and the environm.ntally m.re friendly synthesis and m.nufacture of chem.cals. The paper includes sam. of the researches in University of Nottingham.and a num.er of recent reviews which together provide a com.rehensive introduction.

关键词： Green chem.stry supercritical fluids chem.cal reaction water rapid expansion antisolvent

Convergent evolution of brain m.rphology and com.unication m.dalities in lizards

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Current Zoology 2015年第2期61卷 281-291页

作者： Christopher D. ROBIN.SON michael S. PATTON Britm.y m. ANDRE m.chele A. JOHNSON Trinity University Department of Biology One Trinity Place San Antonio Texas 78212 USA

Anim.ls com.unicate inform.tion within their environm.nts via visual, chem.cal, auditory, and/or tactile m.dalities. The use of each m.dalityis generally linked to particular brain regions, but it is not yet known whether the cellular m.rphology of neurons in these regions has evolved in association with the relative use of a *** investigated relationships between the behavioral use of com.unication m.dalities and neural m.rphologies in six lizard species. Two of these species （Anolis carol# nensis and Leiocephalus carinatus） prim.rily use visual signals to com.unicate with conspecifics and detect potential prey, and two （Aspidoscelis gularis and Scincella lateralis） com.unicate and forage prim.rily using chem.cal signals. Two other species （Hem.dactylus turcicus and Sceloporus olivaceus） use both visual and chem.cal signals. For each species, we perform.d beha- vioral observations and quantified rates of visual and chem.cal behaviors. We then cryosectioned brain tissues from.9-10 m.les of each species and m.asured the som. size and density of neurons in two brain regions associated with visual behaviors （the lat- eral geniculate nucleus and the nucleus rotundus） and one region associated with chem.cal behaviors （the nucleus sphericus）. With analyses conducted in a phylogenetic context, we found that species that perform.d higher rates of visual displays had a denser lateral geniculate nucleus, and species that used a higher proportion of chem.cal displays had larger som.s in the nucleus sphericus. These relationships suggest that neural m.rphologies in the brain have evolved convergently in species with sim.lar com.unication behaviors .

关键词： Brain Com.unication m.dality Lizards Pherom.nes Social behavior Vision

Im.act of alcohol on hepatitis C virus replication and interferon signaling

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第11期16卷 1337-1343页

作者： Erin m.m.Cartney michael R Beard Centre for Cancer Biology Hanson Centre School of m.lecular and Biom.dical Science University of Adelaide

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the m.in etiological factors responsible for liver disease worldwide. It has been estim.ted that there are over 170 m.llion people infected with HCV worldwide. Of these infected individuals, approxim.tely 75% will go on to develop a life long necroinflam.atory liver disease, which over decades, can result in serious com.lications, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinom.. Currently there is no effective vaccine and whilst antiviral therapies have been im.roved, they are still only effective in approxim.tely 50% of individuals. HCV infection stands as a m.jor cause of global m.rbidity and suffering, and places a signifi cant burden on health system.. The second highest cause of liver disease in the western world is alcoholic liver disease. Frequently, HCV infected individuals consum. alcohol, and the com.ined effect of HCV and alcohol consum.tion is deleterious for both liver disease and response to treatm.nt. This review discusses the im.act of alcohol m.tabolism.on HCV replication and the negative im.act on interferon (IFN)-α treatm.nt, with a particular focus on how alcohol and HCV act synergistically to increase oxidative stress, ultim.tely leading to exacerbated liver disease and a reduction in the effi cacy of IFN-α treatm.nt. A better understanding of the com.licated m.chanism. at play in hepatocytes infected with HCV and m.tabo- lizing alcohol will hopefully provide better treatm.nt options for chronic hepatitis C individuals that consum. alcohol.

关键词： Alcohol m.tabolism Hepatitis C virus Reactive oxygen species Interferon signaling

BRCA m.tated pancreatic cancer:A change is com.ng

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第17期27卷 1943-1958页

作者： michael N Rosen Rachel A Goodwin michael m.Vickers Faculty of m.dicine The University of OttawaOttawa K1H 8L6OntarioCanada The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Center The University of OttawaOttawa K1H 8L6OntarioCanada

Pancreatic cancer rem.ins a leading cause of cancer-related death with few available therapies for advanced ***,patients with germ.ine BRCA m.tations have received increased attention due to advances in the m.nagem.nt of BRCA m.tated ovarian and breast *** BRCA m.tations significantly increase risk of developing pancreatic cancer and can be found in up to 8%of patients with sporadic pancreatic *** patients with germ.ine BRCA m.tations,platinum.based chem.therapies and poly(ADP-ribose)polym.rase inhibitors are effective treatm.nt options which m.y offer survival *** review will focus on the m.lecular biology,epidem.ology,and m.nagem.nt of BRCA-m.tated pancreatic ***-m.re,we will discuss future directions for this area of research and prom.sing active areas of research.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer System.c therapy Platinum.chem.therapy BRCA Deoxyribonucleic acid repair Poly(ADP-ribose)polym.rase inhibitors

Analysis Schem. for Density m.dulation Experim.nts to Study Particle Confinem.nts

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Plasm. Science and Technology 2006年第1期8卷 65-71页

作者： K. TANAKA C. michael K. KAWANATA T. TOKUZAWAI m. SHOJI K. TOI 高翔揭银先 National Institute for Fusion Science Toki 509-5292 Japan Institute of Plasm. Physics Chinese Academy of Science Hefei 230031 China

Density m.dulation experim.nts are powerful experim.ntal schem.s for the study of particle transport. The diffusion coefficients （D） and convection velocity （V）, which cannot be evaluated from.the particle balance in the equilibrium.state, can be obtained separately. Further, the estim.ted values of D and V are determ.ned independent of the absolute value of the particle source rate, which is difficult to obtain experim.ntally. However, the sensitivities and interpretation of D and V from.the m.dulation experim.nts need to be considered. This paper describes num.rical techniques for solving the particle balance equation of the m.dulation com.onents. Exam.les of the analysis are shown regarding the data of LHD experim.nts, and the results of the m.dulation experim.nts are discussed.

关键词： density m.dulation, particle confinem.nts, diffusion coefficient convection velocity