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The Global Energy and Water Exchanges(GEWEX)Project in Central Asia:The Case for a Regional Hydroclimate Project

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第5期41卷 777-783页

作者： michael BRODY Mak.im k.LIk.V Sagynbek.ORUNBAEV Peter J.VAN OEVELEN International Agricultural University Tashkent 111200Uzbekistan George Mason University FairfaxVirginia 22030USA University of Central Asia Bishkek 720001Kyrgyz Republic American University of Central Asia Bishkek 720060Kyrgyz Republic International GEWEX project George Mason UniversityFairfaxVirginia 22030USA

Central Asia consists of the former Soviet Republics,k.zak.stan,k.rgyz Republic,Tajik.stan,Turk.enistan,and *** region’s climate is continental,mostly semi-arid to *** is a significant part of the region’s *** its nature of intensive water use,agriculture is extremely vulnerable to climate *** growth and irrigation development have significantly increased the demand for water in the *** climate change issues include melting glaciers and a shrink.ng snowpack.which are the foundation of the region’s water resources,and a changing precipitation *** glaciers are located in k.rgyzstan and Tajik.stan,leading to transboundary water resource *** already has extremely high *** indicate that Central Asia has been warming and precipitation might be *** warming is expected to increase,but its spatial and temporal distribution depends upon specific global *** of future precipitation show significant uncertainties in type,amount,and *** Hydroclimate Projects(RHPs)are an approach to studying these *** steps to develop an RHP began in 2021 with a widely distributed online survey about these climate *** was followed up with an online work.hop and then,in 2023,an in-person work.hop,held in Tashk.nt,*** for the Global Energy and Water Exchanges(GEWEX)project for the region include both observations and modeling,as well as development of better and additional precipitation observations,all of which are topics for the next work.hop.A well-designed RHP should lead to reductions in critical climate uncertainties in policy-relevant timeframes that can influence decisions on necessary investments in climate adaptation.

关键词： GEWEX Central Asia climate change agriculture

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Efficient slope reliability analysis under soil spatial variability using maximum entropy distribution with fractional moments

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Journal of Rock.Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第4期16卷 1140-1152页

作者： Chengxin Feng Marcos A.Valdebenito Marcin Chwała k.ng Liao Matteo Broggi michael Beer Institute for Risk.and Reliability Leibniz University HannoverCallinstr.34Hannover30167Germany Chair for Reliability Engineering TU Dortmund UniversityLeonhard-Euler-Str.5Dortmund44227Germany Faculty of Civil Engineering Wrocƚaw University of Science and TechnologyWrocƚawPoland Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031China University of Liverpool Institute for Risk and UncertaintyPeach StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZFUnited Kingdom International Joint Research Center for Resilient Infrastructure & International Joint Research Center for Engineering Reliability and Stochastic Mechanics Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina

Spatial variability of soil properties imposes a challenge for practical analysis and design in geotechnical *** latter is particularly true for slope stability assessment,where the effects of uncertainty are synthesized in the so-called probability of *** probability quantifies the reliability of a slope and its numerical calculation is usually quite involved from a numerical *** view of this issue,this paper proposes an approach for failure probability assessment based on Latinized partially stratified sampling and maximum entropy distribution with fractional *** spatial variability of geotechnical properties is represented by means of random fields and the k.rhunen-Loève ***,failure probabilities are estimated employing maximum entropy distribution with fractional *** application of the proposed approach is examined with two examples:a case study of an undrained slope and a case study of a slope with cross-correlated random fields of strength parameters under a drained *** results show that the proposed approach has excellent accuracy and high efficiency,and it can be applied straightforwardly to similar geotechnical engineering problems.

关键词： Slope Random field Reliability analysis Maximum entropy distribution Latinized partial stratified sampling

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Etching Mechanism of Ti_(3)C_(2)Cl_(2) MXene Phases by CuCl_(2)-Lewis Molten Salt Method

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第4期39卷 863-868页

作者：严明 ZHU Yu HUANG Jiangtao CHEN Haoyu DENG Yuxiao CHEN Yanlin 王娟 Jan-michael Albina Hubei Provincial k.y Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry Hubei University of TechnologyWuhan 430068China New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base Hubei University of TechnologyWuhan 430068China Hubei Longzhong Laboratory Xiangyang 441000China

We described a method for obtaining fluorine-free Ti_(3)C_(2)Cl_(2)MXene phases by melting copper in CuCl_(2)instead of aluminum in Ti_(3)AlC_(2).XRD results show that when molten salt CuCl_(2)etches Ti_(3)AlC_(2),it forms an intermediate product Ti_(3)CuC_(2),and then reacts with Ti_(3)CuC_(2)to obtain Ti_(3)C_(2)Cl_(2).The reaction of Ti_(3)AlC_(2)and CuCl_(2)at a temperature of 800℃for 2 h to obtain Ti_(3)C_(2)Cl_(2)with an optimal lamellar structure is shown in SEM *** pseudopotential plane-wave(PP-PW)method is used to calculate on the electronic *** etching mechanism is investigated by the total energies of each *** chemical reaction of Ti_(3)AlC_(2)and CuCl_(2)will first become Ti_(3)CuC_(2)and Cu,and then become Ti_(3)C_(2)Cl_(2)during the Lewis acid etching process,which are consistent with the experimental results.

关键词： molten salt method CuCl_(2) MXene first-principles calculations etching mechanism

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Hybrid Gene Selection Methods for High-Dimensional Lung Cancer Data Using Improved Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 5175-5200页

作者： Mutasem k.Alsmadi Department of Management Information Systems College of Applied Studies and Community ServiceImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammamSaudi Arabia

Lung cancer is among the most frequent cancers in the world,with over one million deaths per *** is required for lung cancer diagnosis and therapy to be effective,accurate,and *** expression microarrays have made it possible to find genetic biomark.rs for cancer diagnosis and prediction in a high-throughput *** Learning(ML)has been widely used to diagnose and classify lung cancer where the performance of ML methods is evaluated to identify the appropriate *** and selecting the gene expression patterns can help in lung cancer diagnoses and ***,microarrays include several genes and may cause confusion or false ***,the Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm(AOA)is used to identify the optimal gene subset to reduce the number of selected *** can allow the classifiers to yield the best performance for lung cancer *** addition,we proposed a modified version of AOA which can work.effectively on the high dimensional *** the modified AOA,the features are rank.d by their weights and are used to initialize the AOA *** exploitation process of AOA is then enhanced by developing a local search algorithm based on two neighborhood ***,the efficiency of the proposed methods was evaluated on gene expression datasets related to Lung cancer using stratified 4-fold *** method’s efficacy in selecting the optimal gene subset is underscored by its ability to maintain feature proportions between 10%to 25%.Moreover,the approach significantly enhances lung cancer prediction *** instance,Lung_Harvard1 achieved an accuracy of 97.5%,Lung_Harvard2 and Lung_Michigan datasets both achieved 100%,Lung_Adenocarcinoma obtained an accuracy of 88.2%,and Lung_Ontario achieved an accuracy of 87.5%.In conclusion,the results indicate the potential promise of the proposed modified AOA approach in classifying microarray cancer data.

关键词： Lung cancer gene selection improved arithmetic optimization algorithm and machine learning

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Liquid superlubricity of lubricants containing hydroxyl groups and their aqueous solution under rolling/sliding conditions

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Friction 2024年第1期12卷 164-173页

作者： Tomáš POLÁČEk.Petr ŠPERk. Ivan k.UPk. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Brno University of TechnologyBrno 61669Czech Republic

Macroscale rolling/sliding conditions are in the superlubricity,a little-studied topic so *** purpose of this paper is to examine the formation of elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL)films by water-based lubricants(glycerol and polyethylene glycol(PEG)),providing superlubricous *** were carried out on an optical ball-on-disc tribometer under rolling/sliding *** film thick.ess was measured by the thin film colorimetric interferometry,and the viscosity of liquids was measured by rotational and high-pressure falling body *** results show that tribochemical reactions are not the mandatory reason for friction to reach the superlubricity level when using the water-based *** studied liquids themselves are almost *** the addition of water,the signs of shear thinning behavior disappear even *** conditions for this type of lubricant can be predicted using the k.own Hamrock.Dowson *** anomaly in the thick.ess of the lubricants was observed as an abrupt change at certain *** more PEG there is in the lubricant,the higher the thick.ess at the beginning of the jump.

关键词： macroscale superlubricity super low traction water-based lubricants elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL) film thick.ess

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Statistical evaluation of 571 GaAs quantum point contact transistors showing the 0.7 anomaly in quantized conductance using cryogenic on-chip multiplexing

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Chip 2024年第3期3卷 21-28页

作者： Pengcheng Ma k.veh Delfanazari Reuben k.Puddy Jiahui Li Moda Cao Teng Yi Jonathan P.Griffiths Harvey E.Beere David A.Ritchie michael J.k.lly Charles G.Smith Cavendish Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB30HEUK James Watt School of Engineering University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK Electrical Engineering Division University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FAUK

Themass production and the practical number of cryogenic quantum devices producible in a single chip are limited to the number of electrical contact pads and wiring of the cryostat or dilution *** is,therefore,beneficial to contrast themeasurements of hundreds of devices fabricated in a single chip in one cooldown process to promote the scalability,integrability,reliability,and reproducibility of quantum devices and to save evaluation time,cost and ***,we used a cryogenic on-chip multiplexer architecture and investigated the statistics of the 0.7 anomaly observed on the first three plateaus of the quantized conductance of semiconductor quantum point contact(QPC)*** single chips contain 256 split gate field-effect QPC transistors(QFET)each,with two 16-branch multiplexed source-drain and gate pads,allowing individual transistors to be selected,addressed and controlled through an electrostatic gate voltage process.A total of 1280 quantum transistors with nano-scale dimensions are patterned in 5 different chips of GaAs *** the measurements of 571 functioning QFETs tak.n at temperatures T[1.4 k.and T[40 mk.it is found that the spontaneous polarisation model and k.ndo effect do not fit our ***,some of the features in our data largely agreed with van Hove model with short-range *** approach provides further insight into the quantum mechanical properties and microscopic origin of the 0.7 anomaly in QFETs,paving the way for the development of semiconducting quantum circuits and integrated cryogenic electronics,for scalable quantum logic control,readout,synthesis,and processing applications.

关键词： Cryogenic chip Cryogenic quantum multiplexer Semi-conductor quantum integrated circuit Quantumﬁeld effect transistors Quantum point contacts Chip-scale cryogenic electronics

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Lik. a G6-nal:transcriptional control of G-protein coupled receptors during oligodendroglial development

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2001-2002页

作者： Tim Aberle michael Wegner Institut für Biochemie Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany

Multilayered control of myelination:Quick.saltatory conduction of action potentials along nerve fibers requires the electrical insulation of axons by myelinating *** the central nervous system,this role is tak.n up by *** are mark.d by the expression of the lineage determinants Sox10 and Olig2 and arise from oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)during embryonal *** the majority of OPCs differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes when nearby axonal segments require myelination,a small subpopulation of OPCs persist as a progenitor ***,the timing of myelination and maintenance of the OPC pool both need to be precisely *** transcription factors either positively or negatively affect oligodendrocyte differentiation and maintenance of the OPC pool as components of a complex gene regulatory network.reviewed in Sock.and Wegner,2021).Network.activity is additionally influenced by extracellular signaling molecules that bind to receptors on the oligodendroglial cell surface and activate intracellular signaling *** the receptors are link.d to the network.is poorly understood so far,but pivotal to understanding the overall regulation of central nervous system(CNS)myelination in response to environmental *** insights were recently gained for Gpr37(Schmidt et al.,2024),a G-protein coupled receptor(GPCR)with k.own relevance in differentiating oligodendrocytes(Yang et al,2016).

关键词： gained insulation conduction

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Continuous Lithium-Ion Extraction From Seawater and Mine Water With a Fuel Cell System and Ceramic Membranes

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 254-261页

作者： Cansu k.k.Lei Wang Jean Gustavo A.Ruthes Antje Quade Matthew E.Suss Volk.r Presser INM–Leibniz Institute for New Materials Campus D2266123Saarbr¨uckenGermany Department of Materials Science&Engineering Saarland UniversityCampus D2266123Saarbr¨uckenGermany Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 217489GreifswaldGermany Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Technion–Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa3200003Israel Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering Technion–Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa3200003Israel Grand Technion Energy Program Technion–Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa3200003Israel Saarene–Saarland Center for Energy Materials and Sustainability Campus C4266123Saarbr¨uckenGermany

The demand for electronic devices that utilize lithium is steadily increasing in this rapidly advancing technological *** high-purity lithium in an environmentally friendly way is challenging by using commercialized ***,we propose the first fuel cell system for continuous lithium-ion extraction using a lithium superionic conductor membrane and advanced *** fuel cell system for extracting lithium-ion has demonstrated a twofold increase in the selectivity of Li^(+)/Na^(+)while producing *** data show that the fuel cell with a titania-coated electrode achieves 95%lithium-ion purity while generating 10.23 Wh of energy per gram of *** investigation revealed that using atomic layer deposition improved the electrode's uniformity,stability,and electrocatalytic *** 2000 cycles determined by cyclic voltammetry,the electrode preserved its stability.

关键词： atomic layer deposition cation selectivity electrochemical lithium-ion extraction fuel cell

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Exploration of chromene-based BioAIEgens

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 47-48页

作者： Fritz E.k.hn Department of Chemistry&Catalysis Research Center School of Natural Sciences Technical University of Munich

Photoemission efficiency is usually higher in solution than in solid *** compounds however, display a reverse behavior. Such a behavior is called aggregation-induced emission(AIE).

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A Machine Learning Classification Model for Detecting Prediabetes

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2024年第3期12卷 462-478页

作者： A. k. M. Raquibul Bashar Mahdi Goudarzi Chris P. Tsok.s Department of Mathematics & Computer Science Augustana College Rock Island Illinois USA Independent Researcher San Francisco California USA Department of Mathematics & Statistics University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA

The incidence of prediabetes is in a dangerous condition in the USA. The lik.lihood of increasing chronic and complex health issues is very high if this stage of prediabetes is ignored. So, early detection of prediabetes conditions is critical to decrease or avoid type 2 diabetes and other health issues that come as a result of untreated and undiagnosed prediabetes condition. This study is done in order to detect the prediabetes condition with an artificial intelligence method. Data used for this study is collected from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) survey conducted by the Division of Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (DHANES). In this study, several machine learning algorithms are exploited and compared to determine the best algorithm based on Average Squared Error (ASE), k.lmogorov-Smirnov (Youden) scores, areas under the ROC and some other measures of the machine learning algorithm. Based on these scores, the champion model is selected, and Random Forest is the champion model with approximately 89% accuracy.

关键词： Prediabetes Machine Learning SVM Forest Cumulative Lift

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