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Increased susceptibility of aging gastric mucosa to injury:The mechanisms and clinical implications

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第16期20卷 4467-4482页

作者： Andrzej S Tarnawski Amrita Ahluwalia michael k jones University of California Irvine and the Veterans Administration Long Beach Healthcare System 5901 E. 7~(th) StreetLong BeachCA 90822-5201United States

This review updates the current views on aging gastric mucosa and the mechanisms of its increased susceptibility to injury. Experimental and clinical studies indicate that gastric mucosa of aging individuals-“aging gastropathy”-has prominent structural and functional abnormalities vs young gastric mucosa. Some of these abnormalities include a partial atrophy of gastric glands, impaired mucosal defense (reduced bicarbonate and prostaglandin generation, decreased sensory innervation), increased susceptibility to injury by a variety of damaging agents such as ethanol, aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), impaired healing of injury and reduced therapeutic efficacy of ulcer-healing drugs. Detailed analysis of the above changes indicates that the following events occur in aging gastric mucosa: reduced mucosal blood flow and impaired oxygen delivery cause hypoxia, which leads to activation of the early growth response-1 (egr-1) transcription factor. Activation of egr-1, in turn, upregulates the dual specificity phosphatase, phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) resulting in activation of pro-apoptotic caspase-3 and caspase-9 and reduced expression of the anti-apoptosis protein, survivin. The imbalance between pro- and anti-apoptosis mediators results in increased apoptosis and increased susceptibility to injury. This paradigm has human relevance since increased expression of PTEN and reduced expression of survivin were demonstrated in gastric mucosa of aging individuals. Other potential mechanisms operating in aging gastric mucosa include reduced telomerase activity, increase in replicative cellular senescence, and reduced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and importin-α-a nuclear transport protein essential for transport of transcription factors to nucleus. Aging gastropathy is an important and clinically relevant issue because of: (1) an aging world population due to prolonged

关键词： Aging gastric mucosa Injury Phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten-PTEN Survivin Apoptosis Hypoxia

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A survey of image-based computational learning techniques for frost detection in plants

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2023年第2期10卷 164-191页

作者： Sayma Shammi Ferdous Sohel Dean Diepeveen Sebastian Zander michael G.k.jones Discipline of Information Technology Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia Centre for Crop and Food Innovation Food Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development Western AustraliaSouth PerthWA 6151Australia

Frost damage is one of the major concerns for crop growers as it can impact the growth of the plants and hence,*** detection of frost can help farmers mitigating its *** the past,frost detection was a manual or visual ***-based techniques are increasingly being used to understand frost development in plants and automatic assessment of damage resulting from *** research presents a comprehensive survey of the state-of the-art methods applied to detect and analyse frost stress in *** identify three broad computational learning approaches i.e.,statistical,traditional machine learning and deep learning,applied to images to detect and analyse frost in *** propose a novel taxonomy to classify the existing studies based on several *** taxonomy has been developed to classify the major characteristics of a significant body of published *** this survey,we profile 80 relevant papers based on the proposed *** thoroughly analyse and discuss the techniques used in the various approaches,i.e.,data acquisition,data preparation,feature extraction,computational learning,and *** summarise the current challenges and discuss the opportunities for future research and development in this area including in-field advanced artificial intelligence systems for real-time frost monitoring.

关键词： Frost Cold stress Machine learning Image analysis Crop Plant

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限制性酶切片段的TA法直接克隆与测序(英文)

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西北植物学报 2003年第6期23卷 875-878页

作者：胡银岗 MEREDITH Carter michael G k jones 西北农林科技大学农学院陕西杨陵712100 澳大利亚默多克大学西澳洲农业生物技术中心

报道了一种粘性末端的限制性酶切片段的直接克隆和测序的方法.对限制性酶切片段的粘性末端先用T4DNA聚合酶处理,变为平末端,然后用TaqTMDNA聚合酶在其3′末端加上A腺苷,即可利用T/A克隆载体进行直接克隆测序.利用这种简单而快速的方法,... 详细信息

报道了一种粘性末端的限制性酶切片段的直接克隆和测序的方法.对限制性酶切片段的粘性末端先用T4DNA聚合酶处理,变为平末端,然后用TaqTMDNA聚合酶在其3′末端加上A腺苷,即可利用T/A克隆载体进行直接克隆测序.利用这种简单而快速的方法,对2个RFLP探针Psr680的限制性酶切片段 1.65kb和0.65kb 进行了测序,表明这种方法可以替代利用相应载体进行相应酶切等处理的粘性末端连接克隆测序的方法.

关键词：限制性片段克隆测序 TA法克隆

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Perspectives for the recovery of rare earths from end-of-life fluorescent lamps

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Journal of Rare Earths 2014年第3期32卷 195-200页

作者： k.Binnemans P.T.jones Department of Chemistry KU Leuven – University of LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200F- box 2404 B-3001 Heverlee Belgium Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering KU Leuven – University of LeuvenKasteelpark Arenberg 44 - box 2450 B-3001 Heverlee Belgium

This vision paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the three main options for the recycling of rare-earth ele- ments from end-of-life fluorescent lamps：（1） direct re-use of the lamp phosphor mixture; （2） separation of the lamp phosphor mixture into the different phosphor components; （3） recovery of the rare-earth content. An overview is given of commercial activities in Europe in the domain of recycling of materials from end-of-life fluorescent lamps and the recovery of rare earths from these lamps. The collection of end-of-life fluorescent lamps is currently driven by a legal framework that prohibited the release of mercury to the environment. The contaminations of the lamp phosphor powders by mercury and by small glass particles of crushed fluorescent lamps are limiting factors in the recycling process. Research should be directed to an advanced clean-up of the reclaimed lamp phosphor fraction, and in particular to the removal of mercury and glass fragments. The recovery of rare earths from the lamp phosphors could be facilitated by taking advantage of the differences in resistance of the different lamp phosphors by chemical attack by inorganic ac- ids and bases.

关键词： balance problem fluorescence lamps lamp phosphors lanthanides rare-earth elements recycling urban mining

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The role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第3期20卷 238-243页

作者： Catherine Elix Sumanta k Pal Jeremy O jones Department of Medical Oncology City of Hope National Medical Center Duarte CA91010 USA.

Despite great progress in the detection and treatment of prostate cancer, this disease remains an incredible health and economic burden. Although androgen receptor （AR） signaling plays a key role in the development and progression of prostate cancer, aberrations in other molecular pathways also contribute to the disease, making it essential to identify and develop drugs against novel targets, both for the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer. One promising target is the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma （PPARy） protein. PPARy was originally thought to act as a tumor suppressor in prostate cells because agonist ligands inhibited the growth of prostate cancer cells; however, additional studies found that PPARy agonists inhibit cell growth independent of PPARy. Furthermore, PPARy expression increases with cancer grade/stage, which would suggest that it is not a tumor suppressor but instead that PPARy activity may play a role in prostate cancer development and/or progression. Indeed, two new studies, taking vastly different, unbiased approaches, have identified PPARy as a target in prostate cancer and suggest that PPARy inhibition might be useful in prostate cancer prevention and treatment. These findings could lead to a new therapeutic weapon in the fight against prostate cancer.

关键词： androgen receptor PPAR gamma prevention prostate cancer warfarin

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Numerical simulation of the effect of gold doping on the resistance to neutron irradiation of silicon diodes

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Journal of Semiconductors 2015年第1期36卷 47-51页

作者： k.Bekhouche N.Sengouga B.k.jones Laboratory of Metallic and Semiconducting Materials (LMSM) Université de Biskra 07000 Biskra Algeria Department of Physics Lancaster University Lancaster LA5 9LX UK

We have carried out a numerical simulation of the effect of gold doping on the electrical characteristics of long silicon diodes exposed to neutron irradiation. The aim is to investigate the effect of gold on the hardness of the irradiated diodes. The reverse current voltage and capacitance voltage characteristics of doped and undoped diodes are calculated for different irradiation doses. The leakage current and the effective doping density are extracted from these two characteristics respectively. The hardness of the diodes is evaluated from the evolution of the leakage current and the effective doping density with irradiation doses. It was found that diodes doped with gold are less sensitive to irradiation than undoped ones. Thus gold appears to stabilise the electrical properties on irradiation. The conduction mechanism is studied by the evolution of the current with temperature. The evaluated activation energy indicates that as the gold doping or irradiation dose increases, the current switches from the basic diffusion to the generation-recombination process, and that it can even become ohmic for very high gold densities or irradiation doses.

关键词： silicon diodes gold doping numerical simulation

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An analysis of the size and direction of the association between mental toughness and Olympic distance personal best triathlon times

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第1期8卷 71-76页

作者： Martin I.jones John k.Parker Sport and Health Science College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter School of Sport and Exercise Science University of Gloucestershire

Background: Athletes, coaches, sport psychology practitioners, and researchers suggest that mental toughness represents an important construct that is associated with athletic performance. Unfortunately, the absence of real-world performance as a dependent variable has limited our ability to substantiate this claim. The concern of a lack of ecologically valid measures of sports performance might be addressed by examining the relationship between mental toughness and sports performance using a standardized measure of personal best(PB) triathlon time and a validated unidimensional measure of mental ***: Three hundred and sixteen triathletes completed the 8-item mental toughness index(MTI), reported their age, and provided a PB Olympic distance triathlon time and the total number of triathlons they had completed to date. Given that males are typically quicker than females, a standardized time was calculated by dividing the PB by the current Olympic record for gender; we also hypothesized that more experienced triathletes would report quicker PB times because of greater frequency and duration of training. Once we had controlled for gender and experience,we predicted that mental toughness would be negatively associated with triathlon time and the size of the relationship would be of a moderate ***: Results revealed small-to moderate-sized negative relationships between both completed number of triathlons and mental toughness with standardized PB ***: The hierarchical regression analysis showed that mental toughness provided a unique contribution to the variability in standardized Olympic triathlon PB after controlling for the total number of triathlons completed.

关键词： Endurance sport Factorial validity Mental toughness Olympic distance triathlon Performance Personal best times

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Upper gastrointestinal function and glycemic control in diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第35期12卷 5611-5621页

作者： Reawika Chaikomin Christopher k Rayner karen L jones michael Horowitz University of Adelaide Department of Medi-cine Royal Adelaide Hospital North Terrace Adelaide South Australia 5000 Australia

Recent evidence has highlighted the impact of glycemic control on the incidence and progression of diabetic micro- and macrovascular complications, and on cardiovascular risk in the non-diabetic population. Postprandial blood glucose concentrations make a major contribution to overall glycemic control, and are determined in part by upper gastrointestinal function. Conversely, poor glycemic control has an acute, reversible effect on gastrointestinal motility. Insights into the mechanisms by which the gut contributes to glycemia have given rise to a number of novel dietary and pharmacological strategies designed to lower postprandial blood glucose concentrations.

关键词： Blood glucose Diabetes mellitus Gastric Emptying Gastrointestinal motility Hyperglycemia

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Biogeography of the Shimba Hills ecosystem herpetofauna in kenya

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Zoological Research 2018年第2期39卷 97-104页

作者： Patrick k. Malonza David M. Mulwa Joash O. Nyamache Georgina jones Section of Herpetology National Museums of Kenya Nairobi 40658-00100 Kenya Base Titanium Ltd Ukunda 1214-80400 Kenya Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Nairobi 40658-00100 Kenya

The Shimba Hills ecosystem along the south coast of kenya is a key East African biodiversity hotspot. Historically, it is biogeographically assignable to the East African coastal biome. We examined the current Shimba Hills herpetofauna and their zoogeographical affinities to the coastal forests and nearby Eastern Arc Mountains biodiversity hotspots. The key studied sites included the Shimba Hills National Reserve, forest reserves, kaya forests, and adjacent private land. Data on herpetofaunal richness were obtained from recent field surveys, literature, and specimens held at the National Museums of kenya, Herpetology Section Collection, Nairobi. The Makadara, Mwele, and Longo- Mwagandi forests within the Shimba Hills National Reserve hosted the highest number of unique and rare species. Generally, the forest reserves and kaya forests were important refuges for forest- associated species. On private land, Mukurumudzi Dam riparian areas were the best amphibian habitat and were host to three IUCN （Red List） Endangered- EN amphibian species, namely, Boulengerula changamwensis, Hyperolius rubrovermiculatus, and Afrixalus sylvaticus, as well as one snake species Elapsoidea nigra. Using herpetofauna as zoogeographic indicators, the Shimba Hills were determined to be at a crossroads between the coastal forests （13 endemic species） and the Eastern Arc Mountains （seven endemic species）. Most of the Eastern Arc Mountains endemic species were from recent records, and thus more are likely to be found in the future. This ＇hybrid＇ species richness pattern is attributable to the hilly topography of the Shimba Hills and their proximity to the Indian Ocean. This has contributed to the Shimba Hills being the richest herpetofauna area in kenya, with a total of 89 and 38 reptile and amphibian species, respectively. Because of its unique zoogeography, the Shimba Hills ecosystem is undoubtedly a key biodiversity area for conservation investment.

关键词： Amphibianscoastal forests: Easternspecies ZoogeographyReptiles Eastern AfricaArc Mountains: Indicator

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Application of ^(14)N(d,α)^(12)C Nuclear Reaction to the Concentration Analysis of Nitrogen in Iron Meteorites

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Chinese Physics Letters 1995年第5期12卷 265-268页

作者： HU Beilai A.L.Hanson k.W.jones Department of Physics Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071 Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNew York 11973U.S.A.

The ^(14)N(d,α)^(12)C nuclear reaction has been used to measure the nitrogen content in iron *** analysis was made with 2.0MeV^(2)H^(+) beam from Brookhaven 3.5MV research electrostatic *** detection limits of about ... 详细信息

关键词： electrostatic beam

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