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Current Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 729-738页

作者： Gregory C. jensen michael S. EGNOTOVICH School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences Box 355020 University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA

Juveniles of the shore crab Hemigrapsus oregonensis are highly variable in color, ranging from the typical yellowish- green of adults to pure white and myriad patterns of white mottling and other disruptive markings, but large individuals with white coloration appear to be very rare. Using image analysis to quantify the relative ＂whiteness＂ of beaches, we sampled crabs from nine locations in Washington State that varied widely in their amount of shell fragments and other light-colored material. The total proportion of white individuals in the different locations was strongly correlated to the proportion of white material on the beaches, but there was a striking difference between sexes. Although white specimens of both sexes declined significantly at sizes above 10 mm carapace width, white females generally persisted throughout the entire female size range on lighter-colored beaches while white males larger than 10 mm were virtually absent from all of the sampled populations. Pure white males held on dark backgrounds in captivity remained white, as they lack the dark chromatophores in their hypoderrnis needed to change color; off-white males became darker and in some cases lightened up again when transferred back to a white background. Behavioral differences between the sexes may result in differential mortality of white individuals by visual predators [Current Zoology 61 （4） 729-738, 2015 ].

关键词： Camouflage Color Polymorphism Disruptive patterns Crabs

Central Pain Syndrome: Etiological Perspectives from the 3D Default Space Model of Consciousness

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2018年第2期8卷 277-292页

作者： Ravinder Jerath Connor Beveridge michael jensen Charitable Medical Healthcare Foundation Augusta GA USA Augusta University Augusta GA USA

In this article, the mechanisms of central pain syndrome (CPS) are examined for the purpose of gaining insight into how a unified conscious experience arises from brain and body interaction. We provide a novel etiology for CPS via implementation of the previously proposed 3D Default Space (3DDS) consciousness model in which consciousness and body schema arise when afferent information is processed by corticothalamic feedback loops and integrated via the thalamus. Further, we propose the mechanisms by which CPS represents deficits in dynamic interactions between afferent and efferent signaling. Modern hypotheses of CPS suggest roles for maladaptive neuroplasticity, a deafferentated somatosensory cortex and/or thalamus, and reorganization along the sensory pathways of the spinothalamic tract in the pathogenesis of the painful sensations. We propose that CPS arises when painful sensory signals originating along the maladapted and/or dysfunctional spinothalamic tract become accentuated by the dominant top down mechanisms of the brain.

关键词： Central Pain Syndrome 3D Default Space Thalamus Consciousness Spinothalamic Tract

美中贸易战期间CFIUS对外国投资者的客观性的实证分析

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美中贸易战期间CFIUS对外国投资者的客观性的实证分析

作者： michael jensen 北京外国语大学

学位级别：硕士

美国外国投资委员会(CFIUS)会针对美国的外国投资交易进行国家安全审查。由于委员会保持机密性,而且它基于许多不同因素评估多方面交易的工作,在本质上是复杂的,所以CFIUS的决策过程很少透明,有时会招致批评。在几起引人注目的案例中,...

美国外国投资委员会(CFIUS)会针对美国的外国投资交易进行国家安全审查。由于委员会保持机密性,而且它基于许多不同因素评估多方面交易的工作,在本质上是复杂的,所以CFIUS的决策过程很少透明,有时会招致批评。在几起引人注目的案例中,委员会叫停了与中国收购方的交易,引发了批评,称其对与中国收购方的交易存在偏见,并以政治而非安全为由作出决定。2018年开始的中美贸易战升级了两国之间的紧张关系,创造或至少反映了一种可能会影响CFIUS做出带有政治偏见的决定的政治环境。本文利用2010年至2021年初专门建立的CFIUS审查交易数据集和相关控制变量,训练逻辑回归模型和随机森林模型,探讨了研究期间CFIUS决策中是否存在基于国家的偏见的问题。以及贸易战是否放大了这种偏见。结果表明,即使在控制了国家的产权保护、间谍倾向和核安全保障因素之后,收购方国家仍是CFIUS决策过程中的一个重要变量。然而,这两种模型的准确性和分辨力都不高(可能是由于数据中缺乏强有力的信号和潜在的其他方法局限性)。因此,尽管它们的结果很深刻,但对它们的解释力应该有一定程度的怀疑。

关键词：

Conceptual Advances in the Default Space Model of Consciousness

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2018年第2期8卷 254-269页

作者： Ravinder Jerath Connor Beveridge michael jensen Charitable Medical Healthcare Foundation Augusta GA USA Augusta University Augusta GA USA

The default space model is a unified theory of consciousness that posits the brain and body together form the foundation of conscious experience that exists as a three dimensional internally generated simulation of reality termed the 3D dynamic default space. We have explored and developed the model in many publications and journals with a variety of academic specialties and its scope and concepts continue to broaden. In these publications, we have supported the concepts of the model through its ability to explain neuropsychological disorders, illusions, and everyday observations on consciousness. The model’s foundations in which the thalamus serves as a central hub networked with the brain and body by continuous, fast, membrane potential oscillations have been greatly expanded since its initial publication which we review within this article. Profound leaps forward in our theory include the nature of lateral inhibition in sensory perception, the nature of sensory organs acting as “smart screens”, and the correlation of respiration with mental atmosphere. Through reviewing the developing concepts expanding the theory since our major 2015 publication that laid the foundation of our theory, we hope to give readers a summarized update of where the theory currently stands in terms of its structure. We encourage readers to investigate these previous publications to gain further insight into our propositions. Through accurate models of consciousness, we may develop etiologies for countless neurological disorders, as well as improve treatments.

关键词： Lateral Inhibition Consciousness Default Space Respiration Vision

The Default Space Theory of Consciousness: Phenomenological Support from Personal Observations and Clinical Deficits

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2019年第1期9卷 1-21页

作者： Ravinder Jerath Connor Beveridge michael jensen Charitable Medical Healthcare Foundation Augusta GA USA Augusta University Augusta GA USA

Consciousness is the unified, structured, subjective experience that we all share. The Default Space Theory has been proposed as a unified theory of consciousness that includes the brain and body in describing the infrastructure of consciousness. We have presented the theory in journals with a variety of academic specialties;however, the model is continually being developed. Due to the current state of science on the nature of conscious experience lacking hard data, the theory’s concepts must thoroughly explain and shoulder phenomenological observations including the phenomenology of deficits of consciousness. According to the theory, the thalamus serves as a central hub which networks the globally distributed, and continuous fast oscillations not only among the brain, but also the eyes, ears, skin, and other sensory organs. These oscillations form the virtual template of external space within the mind in which external sensory information is integrated into this pre-existing, dynamic space. In this article, we explore phenomenological support for our theory of conscious experience in which such experience resides entirely in such a virtual space, termed the default space. In order to provide such support, we discuss simple personal experiments and observations which anyone can partake along with phenomenal symptoms of clinical deficits. We encourage readers to perform the personal experiments we describe in order to gain an understanding of the various concepts of the theory. The neurological deficits we elucidate not only support the theory but clarify obscurities surrounding these conditions. We assert the support we give in our theory here will advance the uphill struggle many paramount theories face in gaining initial acceptance. Further research is needed in order to acquire empirical evidence for the veracity of our theory.

关键词： Default 3D Space Thalamus Consciousness Corticothalamic Feedback Loop Contralateral Neglect Phantom Limb Lateral Inhibition

A FAIR-compliant parts catalogue for genome engineering and expression control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2022年第2期7卷 657-663页

作者： Vasil D’Ambrosio Lea G.Hansen Jie Zhang Emil D.jensen Dushica Arsovska Marcos Laloux Tadas Jakociunas Pernille Hjort Davide De Lucrezia Serena Marletta Jay D.Keasling michael K.jensen Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability Technical University of DenmarkKgs.LyngbyDenmark Explora Biotech Srl Italy Joint BioEnergy Institute EmeryvilleCAUSA Biological Systems and Engineering Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCAUSA Center for Synthetic Biochemistry Institute for Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologiesShenzhenChina

The synthetic biology toolkit for baker’s yeast,Saccharomyces cerevisiae,includes extensive genome engineering toolkits and parts ***,with the increasing complexity of engineering tasks and versatile applications of this model eukaryote,there is a continued interest to expand and diversify the rational engineering capabilities in this chassis by FAIR(findable,accessible,interoperable,and reproducible)*** this study,we designed and characterised 41 synthetic guide RNA sequences to expand the CRISPR-based genome engineering capabilities for easy and efficient replacement of genomically encoded ***,we characterize in high temporal resolution 20 native promoters and 18 terminators using fluorescein and LUDOX CL-X as references for GFP expression and OD600 measurements,***,all data and reported analysis is provided in a publicly accessible jupyter notebook providing a tool for researchers with low-coding skills to further explore the generated data as well as a template for researchers to write their own *** expect the data,parts,and databases associated with this study to support a FAIR-compliant resource for further advancing the engineering of yeasts.

关键词： gRNA Promoter Terminator Yeast Standardization

Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor ameliorates steatosis in HepG2 cells by regulating hepatic lipid metabolism

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第10期26卷 1029-1041页

作者： Miao He Cong Wang Xiao-Hong Long Jia-Jia Peng Dong-Fang Liu Gang-Yi Yang michael D jensen Li-Li Zhang Department of Endocrinology the Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400010China Endocrine Research Unit Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global metabolism-associated liver *** astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is a newly discovered secreted protein that is involved in metabolic ***,much remains to be discovered about its function in hepatic lipid metabolism;thus,we assessed whether MANF could regulate hepatic *** To establish in vivo and in vitro NAFLD models to explore the role of MANF in hepatic lipid *** HepG2 cells treated with free fatty acids (FFAs) and ob/ob mice were used as NAFLD *** tissues collected from wild type and ob/ob mice were used to detect MANF *** were treated with FFAs for different ***,we used lentiviral constructs to establish overexpression and knockdown cell models in order to interfere with MANF expression levels and observe whether MANF influences hepatic *** blot analysis and quantitative real-time PCR were used to detect protein and gene expression,and oil red O staining was used to visualize intracellular lipid *** Hepatic MANF protein and mRNA expression in wild type mice were 10-fold and 2-fold higher,respectively,than those in ob/ob *** MANF protein was temporarily increased by 1.3-fold after stimulation with FFAs for 24 h and gradually decreased to 0.66-fold that of the control at the 72 h time point in HepG2 *** deficiency upregulated the expression of genes involved infatty acid synthesis,cholesterol synthesis,and fatty acid uptake and aggravated HepG2 cell steatosis,while MANF overexpression inhibited fatty acid synthesis and uptake and cholesterol synthesis,and rescued HepG2 cells from FFAsinduced ***,a significant decrease in triglyceride levels was observed in the MANF overexpression group compared with the control group(0.4288±0.0081 mmol/g vs 0.3746±0.0121 mmol/g,P <0.05) upon FF As *** was also a 17%decrease in intracellular to

关键词： Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Hepatic steatosis Lipogenesis In vitro HepG2

Incidental findings at MRI-enterography in patients with suspected or known Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第1期16卷 76-82页

作者： michael Dam jensen Torben Nathan Jens Kjeldsen Sφren Rafael Rafaelsen Department of Internal Medicine Section of GastroenterologyVejle Hospital part of Lillebaelt Hospital Department of Medical Gastroenterology Odense University Hospital Department of Radiology Vejle Hospital part of Lillebaelt Hospital

AIM:To determine the frequency and clinical impact of incidental findings detected with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)-enterography in patients with suspected or known Crohn's disease(CD). METHODS:Incidental findings were defined as unexpected lesions outside the small intestine,not previously known or suspected at the time of referral, and not related to inflammatory bowel *** a systematic review of medical charts we analyzed the clinical impact of incidental findings,and compared the MRI findings with subsequent diagnostic procedures. RESULTS:A total of 283 patients were included in the analysis,and MRI detected active CD in 31%,fistula in 1.4%and abscess in 0.7%.Extra-intestinal findings notrelated to CD were recorded in 72 patients(25%),of which 58 patients(20%)had 74 previously unknown *** or incompletely characterized findings were detected in 17 patients(6.0%).Incidental findings led to 12 further interventions in 9 patients(3.2%) revealing previously unknown pathological conditions in 5(1.8%).One patient(0.4%)underwent surgery and one patient was diagnosed with a malignant disease. MRI detected incidental colonic lesions in 16 patients of which additional work-up in 4 revealed normal anatomy. Two patients(0.7%)benefitted from the additional examinations,whereas incidental findings led to unnecessary examinations in 9(3.2%). CONCLUSION:In a minority of patients with suspected or known CD,important incidental findings are diagnosed at ***,a substantial number of patients experience unnecessary morbidity because of additional examinations of benign or normal conditions.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging Incidental findings Crohn’s disease Small intestine

The Therapeutic Role of Guided Mental Imagery in Treating Stress and Insomnia: A Neuropsychological Perspective

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Open Journal of Medical Psychology 2020年第1期9卷 21-39页

作者： Ravinder Jerath Connor Beveridge michael jensen Ruchir Paladiya Charitable Medical Healthcare Foundation Augusta GA USA Department of Medical Illustration College of Allied Health Sciences Augusta University Augusta GA USA B. J. Medical College Ahmedabad India

Excessive distress and insomnia are much too common in the modern world and often lead to a myriad of detrimental effects including loss of cognitive ability and even physical ailments such as cancer. Current pharmaceutical treatments can be addictive, detrimental to health, and in the case of insomnia don’t produce naturalistic sleep. We present a viewpoint on a potential adjunctive treatment of distress and insomnia that harnesses specific mental imagery as a component of mind/body relaxation technique. Via our perspective on the modern nature of stress and insomnia, our theoretical perspective on how specific guided mental imagery can be used to treat these ailments, and our review on the current literature on treatment with mental imagery, we hope to stimulate further research into mental health treatment with mental imagery which has traditionally been neglected. This perspective on the pathology of insomnia and distress is founded in prevailing “dysevolution” and hyper-arousal theories. Hyper-arousal is characterized in part by a vicious cycle of chronic physiological and emotional stimulation/distress. We argue for spatially based mental imagery in the form of nighttime-sky imagery to attenuate such pathology by breaking one away from a vicious cycle of stimulation and distress and discuss neuropsychological bases for its potential treatment mechanisms which include the autonomic nervous system and a phenomenal foundation of conscious cognition.

关键词： Mental Imagery Guided Imagery Insomnia Chronic Stress Hyperarousal Vicious Cycle

Nat Biotechnol:科学家成功绘制出单细胞中短链RNA分子的图谱

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第8期17卷 I0001-I0002页

作者： Omid R Faridani, Ilgar Abdullayev, michael Hagemann-jensen Rickard Sandberg Ilgar Abdullayev Rickard Sandberg michael Hagemann-jensen John P Schell Fredrik Lanner John P Schell Fredrik Lanner Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Stockholm Sweden. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden. Respiratory Medicine Unit Department of Medicine Solna & Center for Molecular Medicine Stockholm Sweden. Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden. Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden.

近日，刊登在国际杂志Nature Biotechnology上的一项研究报告中，来自瑞典卡罗琳学院的研究人员通过研究成功在单个胚胎干细胞中测定了短链非编码RNA序列的绝对数量。当基因中的信息被使用时，比如当其编码蛋白质时，首先DNA会转录成为... 详细信息

近日，刊登在国际杂志Nature Biotechnology上的一项研究报告中，来自瑞典卡罗琳学院的研究人员通过研究成功在单个胚胎干细胞中测定了短链非编码RNA序列的绝对数量。当基因中的信息被使用时，比如当其编码蛋白质时，首先DNA会转录成为信使RNA来作为蛋白质制造的范本，

关键词： RNA序列短链 Nat 单细胞科学家编码蛋白质图谱分子