检索结果-南通市图书馆

journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第3期10卷 590-600页

作者： Barbara A.Williams Deirdre Mikkelsen Bernadine M.Flanagan Michael J.Gidley The University of Queensland QAAFI Centre for Nutrition and Food SciencesSt. Lucia campus

This review describes dietary fibres originating from a range of foods,particularly in relation to their plant cell walls.It explores the categorization of dietary fibres into "soluble" or "insoluble".It also emphasizes dietary fibre fermentability,in terms of describing how the gastro-intestinal tract(GIT) microbiota respond to a selection of fibres from these categories.Food is categorized into cereals,legumes,fruits and vegetables.Mention is also made of example whole foods and why differences in physico-chemical characteristics between "purified" and "non-purified"food components are important in terms of health.Lastly,recommendations are made as to how dietary fibre could be classified differently,in relation to its functionality in terms of fermentability,rather than only its solubility.

关键词： Cereal grains Dietary fibre Fruits Large intestinal fermentation Legumes Microbial activity Microbiota Plant cell walls Short-chain fatty acids Vegetables

How to make the "jump" on understanding the importance of the intrinsic foot muscles for propulsion

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第5期12卷 648-650页

作者： michael j.Asmussen Department of Biology Faculty of Science&TechnologyMount Royal UniversityCalgaryAB T3E 6K6Canada

In this issue of the journal of Sport and Health Science,Smith and colleagues1addressed a unique aspect of human locomotion;they evaluated the effects of the intrinsic foot musculature on the mechanical properties and energetic function of the human foot.By performing a controlled jumping experiment to mimic components of human locomotion.

关键词： intrinsic muscles propulsion

Water transport to the core–mantle boundary

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

National Science Review 2021年第4期8卷 13-16页

作者： michael j.Walter Earth and Planets Laboratory Carnegie Institution for Science

Water can have remarkable effects when exposed to rocks at high pressures and temperatures. It can form new minerals with unique properties and often profoundly affects the physical, transport and rheological properti... 详细信息

关键词： STABILITY H2O

‘Visual excitation’ in Richard Neutra’s residential architecture: An analysis using weighted graphs and centrality measures

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frontiers of Architectural Research 2022年第6期11卷 1092-1103页

作者： michael j.Dawes ju Hyun Lee michael j.Ostwald Faculty of Arts Design&ArchitectureSchool of Built EnvironmentUniversity of New South WalesSydney2052Australia

The famous modernist architect Richard Neutra argued that movement through,and understanding of a building could be choreographed by controlling the visual stimuli that is available to a person.These claims are tested by quantifying the lines of sight and intelligibility of five of Neutra’s residential designs.A computational method,weighted axial line analysis,is used to investigate lines of sight and movement in five of Neutra’s house designs.The cumulative lengths of axial lines required to reach public and private spaces are compared,and centrality measures are calculated for each design that are weighted with line length data.Intelligibility metrics are calculated from these centrality measures.The first hypothesis,that visual stimuli in Neutra’s architecture is greater when accessing public rather than private spaces is supported by the results.The second hypothesis,that Neutra’s architecture is highly intelligible,is not supported by the results.This research tests two theories used to explain the works of a famous architect and it develops a new variation of well-known Space Syntax technique,to account for axial line lengths.

关键词： Richard Neutra Modernism Space syntax Weighted axial map Centrality measures

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

再述附睾：个人观点

Asian journal of Andrology 2015年第5期17卷 693-698,I0005页

作者： j michael Bedford Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Centerfor Reproductive MedicineWeill Cornell MedicalCollegeBox 301300 York AvenueNew YorkNY10065USA

附睾在精子储存和成熟过程中的作用决定着射出精子的质量，也为男子避孕提供了一种可能的途径。过去的50年里，对于实验动物附睾功能的研究发现，与精子成熟相关的参数包括：顶体功能、精子质膜、-S—S-结构改变，进一步提示人类附睾或... 详细信息

附睾在精子储存和成熟过程中的作用决定着射出精子的质量，也为男子避孕提供了一种可能的途径。过去的50年里，对于实验动物附睾功能的研究发现，与精子成熟相关的参数包括：顶体功能、精子质膜、-S—S-结构改变，进一步提示人类附睾或许具有相似的功能。哺乳动物附睾尾部具有储存精子的功能，受雄激素和阴囊低温的联合调控。温度可以影响附睾上皮的分泌及离子转运功能，甚至影响附睾管的内径，进而影响其储存精子的能力。另外，各种间接的研究证实由于衣着不当而导致的阴囊温度过高会影响男性的附睾功能。精子质膜在精子进入附睾尾部后会发生包括甾醇类和糖基磷脂酰肌醇类大分子的改变，这些改变有助于精子进入女性生殖道后的获能。阴囊的解剖特征以及附睾-输精管的U形连接正是为了保证附睾尾部的储精功能，也是阴囊进化的体现。总之，尽管缺乏充足的比较学研究证据，我们仍然可以看到附睾结构和功能的合理性。

关键词：附睾精子成熟哺乳动物精液质量男性避孕参数识别结构变化激素调控

Examining control,centrality and flexibility in Palladio’s villa plans using space syntax measurements

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frontiers of Architectural Research 2021年第3期10卷 467-482页

作者： michael j.Dawes michael j.Ostwald ju Hyun Lee UNSW Built Environment The University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia

Andrea Palladio’s Renaissance villas are amongst the most famous and widely studied examples of domestic architecture ever produced.The majority of past research about Palladio’s architecture employed historical,mathematical and computational methods to analyse their complex proportional systems and rules.In contrast,this paper examines three of Palladio’s arguments about his villas plans which relate to their spatial properties and topological connections.Specifically,this paper uses a computational method e the justified plan graph(jPG)e to test two arguments about the location and significance of the primary salon on the plan,and a third about the extent to which the rooms in Palladio’s plans are,as he claims,flexible enough to contain alternative functions.Using ten of Palladio’s piano nobile(main floor)plans from I Quattro Libri Dell’Architettura as cases,this paper develops mathematical data to test three hypotheses framed around Palladio’s plans and theories.

关键词： Andrea palladio Palladian villa Renaissance architecture Space syntax justified plan graph(jPG)

Knowing your enemies： Integrating molecular and ecological methods to assess the impact of arthropod predators on crop pests

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Insect Science 2015年第1期22卷 6-19页

作者： michael j. Furlong School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Queensland 4072 Austrafia

The importance of natural enemies as the foundation of integrated pest management （IPM） is widely accepted, but few studies conduct the manipulative field experiments necessary to directly quantify their impact on pest populations in this context. This is particularly true for predators. Studying arthropod predator-prey interactions is inherently difficult： prey items are often completely consumed, individual predator-prey interactions are ephemeral （rendering their detection difficult） and the typically fluid or soft-bodied meals cannot be easily identified visually within predator guts. Serological techniques have long been used in arthropod predator gut-contents analysis, and current enzyme linked immunosorbent assays （ELISA） are highly specific and sensitive. Recently, poly- merase chain reaction （PCR） methods for gut-contents analysis have developed rapidly and they now dominate the diagnostic methods used for gut-contents analysis in field-based research. This work has identified trophic linkages within food webs, determined predator diet breadth and preference, demonstrated the importance of cannibalism and intraguild predation within and between certain taxa, and confirmed the benefits （predator persis- tence） and potential disadvantages （reduced feeding on pest species） of the availability of alternative nonpest prey. Despite considerable efforts to calibrate gut-contents assays, these methods remain qualitative. Available techniques for predator gut-contents analysis can provide rapid, accurate, cost-effective identification of predation events. As such, they perfectly compliment the ecological methods developed to directly assess predator im- pacts on prey populations but which are imperfect at identifying the key predators. These diagnostic methods for gut-contents analysis are underexploited in agricultural research and they are almost never applied in unison with the critical field experiments to measure predator impact. This paper stresses the need for a combined approach and suggests a framework t

关键词： conservation biological control enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） gut-contents analysis immunomarking integrated pest management （IPM） polymerase chain reaction （PCR）

A comparative analysis of epidemiological characteristics of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 in Saudi Arabia

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第3期7卷 473-485页

作者： Yehya Althobaity jianhong Wu michael j.Tildesley The Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology and Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research School of Life Sciences and Mathematics InstituteUniversity of WarwickCoventryCV47ALUnited Kingdom Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics Department of Mathematics and StatisticsYork UniversityTorontoOntarioM3J 1P3Canada Department of Mathematics Taif UniversityTaifP.O.Box 11099Saudi Arabia

In this study,we determine and compare the incubation duration,serial interval,pre-symptomatic transmission,and case fatality rate of MERS-CoV and COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia based on contact tracing data we acquired in Saudi Arabia.The date of infection and infector-infectee pairings are deduced from travel history to Saudi Arabia or exposure to confirmed cases.The incubation times and serial intervals are estimated using parametric models accounting for exposure interval censoring.Our estimations show that MERS-CoV has a mean incubation time of 7.21(95%CI:6.59–7.85)days,whereas COVID-19(for the circulating strain in the study period)has a mean incubation period of 5.43(95%CI:4.81–6.11)days.MERS-CoV has an estimated serial interval of 14.13(95%CI:13.9–14.7)days,while COVID-19 has an estimated serial interval of 5.1(95%CI:5.0–5.5)days.The COVID-19 serial interval is found to be shorter than the incubation time,indicating that pre-symptomatic transmission may occur in a significant fraction of transmission events.We conclude that during the COVID-19 wave studied,at least 75%of transmission happened prior to the onset of symptoms.The CFR for MERS-CoV is estimated to be 38.1%(95%CI:36.8–39.5),while the CFR for COVID-191.67%(95%CI:1.63–1.71).This work is expected to help design future surveillance and intervention program targeted at specific respiratory virus outbreaks,and have implications for contingency planning for future coronavirus outbreaks.

关键词： MERS-CoV SARS-CoV-2 Incubation period Serial interval Pre-symptomatic transmission Case fatality rate

Improving modeling of low-altitude particulate matter emission and dispersion:A cotton gin case study

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第11期133卷 8-22页

作者： Zijiang Yang michael N.Evans michael D.Buser Cathleen j.Hapeman Alba Torrents Derek P.Whitelock Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Maryland College Park1173 Glenn L.Martin HallCollege ParkMaryland 20742United States Department of Geology University of Maryland College Park1212B Chemistry BuildingCollege ParkMaryland 20742United States Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center 1120 Geology BuildingUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland 20742United States United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceOffice of National Programs5601 Sunnyside Ave(GWCC 4–2282)BeltsvilleMaryland 20705United States United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceHenry A.Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center10300 Baltimore AvenueBeltsvilleMaryland 20705United States United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceSouthwestern Cotton Ginning Research LaboratoryPO Box 578Mesilla ParkNew Mexico 88047United States

Monitoring and modeling of airborne particulate matter(PM)from low-altitude sources is becoming an important regulatory target as the adverse health consequences of PM become better understood.However,application of models not specifically designed for simulation of PM from low-altitude emissions may bias predictions.To address this problem,we describe the modification and validation of an air dispersion model for the simulation of lowaltitude PM dispersion from a typical cotton ginning facility.We found that the regulatory recommended model(AERMOD)overestimated pollutant concentrations by factors of 64.7,6.97 and 7.44 on average for PM 2.5,PM 10,and TSP,respectively.Pollutant concentrations were negatively correlated with height(pjustment and application of pre-existing models for risk assessment and development of remediation techniques.The same approach may also be applied to improve simulations of other air pollutants and environmental conditions of concern.

关键词： Air quality Particulate matter Air dispersion modelling Cotton gin

Investigation of nuclear enzyme topoisomerase as a putative molecular target of monohaloacetonitrile disinfection by-products

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 231-238页

作者： Yukako Komaki michael j.Plewa Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States Safe Global Water Institute University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States Department of Crop Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States

Disinfection by-products occur widely as the unintended effect of water disinfection and are associated with toxicity and adverse human health effects. Yet the molecular mechanisms of their toxicity are not well understood. To investigate the molecular basis of hyperploidy induction by monohaloacetonitriles, the interaction of monohaloacetonitriles with topoisomerase Ⅱ in Chinese hamster ovary cells was examined. We showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of DNA decatenation activity of topoisomerase under acellular conditions while in vitro monohaloacetonitrile treatment expressed mixed results. The working hypothesis, that topoisomerase Ⅱ is a molecular target of monohaloacetonitriles, was only partially supported.Nevertheless, this research serves as a starting point toward molecular mechanisms of toxic action of monohaloacetonitriles.

关键词： Disinfection by-products Mammalian cell toxicity Topoisomerase Ⅱ Mitosis inhibition Cell cycle disruption