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Are there sex-based disparities in cataract surgery?

International j.urnal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 137-143页

作者： Matthew D.Geiger Anne M.Lynch Alan G.Palestine Nathan C.Grove Karen L.Christopher Richard S.davidson michael j.Taravella Naresh Mandava j.nnifer L.Patnaik Department of Ophthalmology University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIM:To investigate sex-based differences in the occurrence of intra-operative and post-operative complications and associated visual outcomes following cataract ***:This was a retrospective study of patients who had phacoemulsification cataract surgery at the University of Colorado School of *** collected included the patient’s health history,ocular comorbidities,operative and post-operative complications,and the post-operative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA).The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to account for the correlation of some patients having two eyes included in the ***:A total of 11977 eyes from 7253 patients were included in the *** comorbidities differed by sex,with males having significantly higher percentages of traumatic cataracts(males 0.7%vs females 0.1%),prior ocular surgery(6.7%vs 5.5%),and mature cataracts(2.8%vs 1.9%).Conversely,females had significantly higher rates of pseudoexfoliation(2.0%vs 3.2%).In unadj.sted analysis,males had higher rates of posterior capsular rupture(0.8%vs 0.4%)and vitreous loss(1.0%vs 0.6%),but this difference was not significant after adj.stment for *** had a significantly increased risk of post-operative retinal detachment,but in multivariable analysis this was no longer *** were significantly less likely to undergo post-operative neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd:YAG)laser capsulotomy for posterior capsule opacification(OR=0.8,95%CI=0.7-0.9,P=0.0005).The BCVA was slightly worse for males pre-operatively;but post-operatively,both sexes exhibited similar visual acuity of Snellen equivalent 20/***:The study finds that in a cohort of patients presenting for cataract surgery,sex differences exist in pre-operative comorbidities and surgical characteristics that contribute to higher rates of some complications for ***,observed surgical complicatio

关键词： cataract surgery sex-based disparity phacoemulsification outcomes

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粉末冶金Al-5.6Zn-2Mg合金在热压缩过程中加工硬化特性及本构模型的比较

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j.urnal of Central South University 2024年第2期31卷 346-368页

作者： KATIKA Harikrishna DAMODA R.K. davidson M.j. SEETHARAM R. KASAGANI Veera Venkata Nagaraj. Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyWarangal 506004India Department of Mechanical Engineering The Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and ManufacturingKurnool 518007India

在300~5000℃、应变速率为0.1~0.0001 s−1的条件下,在万能试验机上对Al-5.6Zn-2Mg铝合金进行热压缩试验,以确定动态再结晶开始时的加工硬化速率曲线σ_(c)(ε_(c))l以及关键特征σ_(c)(ε_(c))l、σ_(p)(ε_(p))和σ_(ss)与Z系数之间的... 详细信息

在300~5000℃、应变速率为0.1~0.0001 s−1的条件下,在万能试验机上对Al-5.6Zn-2Mg铝合金进行热压缩试验,以确定动态再结晶开始时的加工硬化速率曲线σ_(c)(ε_(c))l以及关键特征σ_(c)(ε_(c))l、σ_(p)(ε_(p))和σ_(ss)与Z系数之间的相关性。使用了四个本构模型,Arrhenius模型、改进的j.hnson-Cook模型(Mj.)、改进的Zerilli-Armstrong模型(MZA)和开发的人工神经网络(ANN)。结果表明,ANN型模型和Arrhenius模型的相对误差的绝对平均值最低,分别为0.486%和3.36%,MZA型模型和Mj.型模型的相对误差的绝对平均值较高,分别为8.84%和3.93%。由于Arrhenius模型能够处理各种因素之间的非线性关系,因此它被认为是最合适的预测模型,但在材料性质未知或实验数据有限的情况下,Mj.模型可能是一种更简单的替代方法。MZA模型不适合估计热压缩时的流变应力。此外,训练最好的神经网络模型的预测性能最好,相对误差的绝对平均值为0.486%,R值为0.99。

关键词：加工硬化速率曲线本构建模热压缩 EBSD分析流变曲线

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食管超声心动图漏检的上腔静脉肿块偶然发现于主动脉周影像中

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麻醉与镇痛 2010年第1期6卷 101-102页

作者： K. Annette Mizuguchi Amanda A. Fox Thomas M. Burch Andrew Locke michael j. davidson j.hn A. Fox 周仁龙(译) 杭燕南(校) Department of Aalesthesiology Perioperative and Pain Medicine Harvard Medical School Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston Massachusetts Department of Aalesthesiology Perioperative and Pain Medicine Children's Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts Department of Cardiac Surgery Harvard Medical School Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston Massachusetts 不详

48岁老年女性患者出现咳嗽、发热及嗜睡症状，经食管超声心动图（TEE）诊断为三尖瓣赘生物，并安排接受手术治疗。全麻诱导后，移除放置了1周的锁骨下三腔静脉导管，放置右股静脉导管。TEE证实三尖瓣赘生物，但不是典型图像。

关键词：经食管超声心动图上腔静脉主动脉三尖瓣赘生物影像肿块漏检老年女性患者

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Gas flow in rotary kilns

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Particuology 2010年第6期8卷 613-616页

作者： Patrick R.Davies michael j.S.Norton D.Ian Wilson j.hn F.davidson David M.Scott Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgePembroke StreetCambridgeCB2 3RAUK

This paper describes an experimental investigation on the flow characteristics within a rotating cylinder containing a rolling bed of sand. The axis of the cylinder was horizontal and there was no axial bulk flow of particles. The velocity field of the gas flowing through the cylinder was measured by hot-wire anemometry. The measurements indicate that the velocity field is asymmetric with respect to a diameter perpendicular to the granular bed. CFD calculations confirm this finding. The gas velocity profiles are crucial in determining heat transfer from gas to solid.

关键词： Rotating cylinderVelocity profile

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Controlled generation of picosecond-pulsed higher-order Poincaré sphere beams from an ytterbium-doped multicore fiber amplifier

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Photonics Research 2023年第2期11卷 181-188页

作者： KUNHAO j. DI LIN IAN A. davidson SIYI WANG j.EL CARPENTER YOSHIMICHI AMMA YONGMIN j.NG MASSIMILIANO GUASONI DAVID j. RICHARDSON Optoelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Institute of Advanced Photonics Technology School of Information EngineeringGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Information Technology Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Fuj.kura Ltd. Chiba 285-8550Japan

Higher-order Poincarésphere(HOPS) beams with spatially variable polarization and phase distributions are opening up a host of unique applications in areas ranging from optical communication to ***, the flexible generation of these beams with high peak power from compact laser systems remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate the controlled generation of HOPS beams based on coherent beam combination from an Yb-doped multicore fiber(MCF) amplifier. Using a spatial light modulator to adaptively adj.st the wavefront and polarization of the signals seeded into the individual cores of the MCF various structured beams(including cylindrical vector beams and first-and second-order vortex beams) were generated with peak powers up to 14 k W for ~92 ps pulses.

关键词： amplifier polarization fiber

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Resilience, the 6th Vital Sign: Conceptualizing, Contextualizing, and Operationalizing All Six Vital Signs

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Health 2024年第7期16卷 657-673页

作者： Rose E. Constantino Betty j. Braxter Chi Ching Vivian Hui Larissa C. Allen Lillian j. Wolfe Katherine H. Endres j.zyl Cempron Cutamora Laurence L. Garcia Daisy R. Palompon Kathleen Thimsen Brayden N. Kameg Margarete L. Zalon Department of Health and Community Systems School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Undergraduate Affairs School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China School of Nursing Adjunct Faculty at the University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Health Promotion and Development School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA College of Nursing Cebu Normal University Cebu City Philippines School of Nursing University of Nevada Las Vegas USA Department of Health and Community Systems University of Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Nursing University of Scranton Scranton PA USA

There are five vital signs that healthcare providers assess: temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, and pain. Normal levels for the five vital signs are published by the American Heart Association, and other specialty organizations, however, the sixth vital sign (resilience) which adopts the measure of immune resilience is suggested in this paper. Resilience is the ability of the immune system to respond to attacks and defend effectively against infections and inflammatory stressors, and psychological resilience is the capacity to resist, adapt, recover, thrive, and grow from a challenge or a stressor. Individuals with better optimal immune resilience had better health outcomes than those with minimal immune resilience. The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize, contextualize, and operationalize all six vital signs. We suggest measuring resilience subj.ctively and obj.ctively. Subj.ctively, use a 5-item guided interview revised from the Connor-davidson Resilience Scale (CDRC), a scale of 10 items. The revised CDRC scale is a 5-item scale. The scale is rated on a 5-point Likert scale from 0 (not true) to 4 (true all the time). The total score ranges from 0 to 20, with higher total scores indicating greater resilience. The scale demonstrated good construct validity and internal consistency (α = 0.85) during the development of the scale. The CD-RISC had a good Cronbach’s alpha level of 0.85. The Revised CD-RISC can be completed in 2 - 4 minutes. To measure resilience obj.ctively, we suggest using Immune Resilience (IR) levels, the level of resilience to preserve and/or rapidly restore immune resilience functions that promote disease resistance and control inflammation and other inflammatory stress. IR levels are gauged with two peripheral blood metrics that quantify the balance between CD8 and CD4 T-cell levels and gene expression signatures tracking longevity-associated immunocompetence and mortality- or entropy-associated inflammation. IR deregulation i

关键词： Conceptualization Contextualization Operationalization Body Temperature Pulse Respiration Blood Pressure Pain Resilience

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Formability analysis of dissimilar tailor welded blanks welded with different tool pin profiles

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2015年第6期25卷 1787-1793页

作者： Bhanodaya Kiran Babu NADIKUDI M.j.davidson Neelakanteswara Rao AKASAPU M.GOVINDARAj. Mechanical Engineering Department National Institute of TechnologyWarangal Non-Ferrous Materials Technology Development Centre (NFTDC)

An attempt has been made to study the tailor welded blanks （TWBs） made by friction stir welding （FSW） with five different tool pin profiles. The formability of welded blanks was evaluated at constant FSW process parameters. It has been found that the welded blanks with square pin profile tool produced better formability properties as compared to other tool pin profiles. It was found that the pulsating action of the square pin profile is said to be the reason for this improvement. A microstructural evaluation performed on the blanks revealed that the stir zone created by taper cylindrical and stepped cylindrical tools was less homogeneous than that of the square tool, resulting in less formability. The limiting dome height （LDH） of square pin profile tool was found to be 14 mm while those of taper cylindrical and stepped cylindrical tools are 12.5 mm and 12.4 mm, respectively.

关键词： aluminium alloys tool pin profile tensile testing formability microstructure

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Challenges in developing therapeutic strategies for mild neonatal encephalopathy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第2期17卷 277-282页

作者： Alice McDouall Guido Wassink Laura Bennet Alistair j.Gunn j.anne O.davidson Department of Physiology The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

There is increasing evidence that infants with mild neonatal encephalopathy(NE) have significant risks of mortality, brain inj.ry and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. In the era of therapeutic hypothermia, infants need to be diagnosed within 6 hours of birth, corresponding with the window of opportunity for treatment of moderate to severe NE, compared to the retrospective grading over 2 to 3 days, typically with imaging and formal electroencephalographic assessment in the pre-hypothermia era. This shift in diagnosis may have increased the apparent prevalence of brain damage and poor neurological outcomes seen in infants with mild NE in the era of hypothermia. Abnormal short term outcomes observed in infants with mild NE include seizures, abnormal neurologic examination at discharge, abnormal brain magnetic resonance imaging and difficulty feeding. At 2 to 3 years of age, mild NE has been associated with an increased risk of autism, language and cognitive deficits. There are no approved treatment strategies for these infants as they were not included in the initial randomized controlled trials for therapeutic hypothermia. However, there is already therapeutic creep, with many centers treating infants with mild NE despite the limited evidence for its safety and efficacy. The optimal duration of treatment and therapeutic window of opportunity for effective treatment need to be specifically established for mild NE as the evolution of inj.ry is likely to be slower, based on preclinical data. Randomized controlled trials of therapeutic hypothermia for infants with mild NE are urgently required to establish the safety and efficacy of treatment. This review will examine the evidence for adverse outcomes after mild NE and dissect some of the challenges in developing therapeutic strategies for mild NE, before analyzing the evidence for therapeutic hypothermia and other strategies for treatment of these infants.

关键词： asphyxia electroencephalogram erythropoietin mild hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy neonatal encephalopathy neurological examination neuroprotection Sarnat score therapeutic hypothermia

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Can we further optimize therapeutic hypothermia for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第10期14卷 1678-1683页

作者： Anthony Davies Guido Wassink Laura Bennet Alistair j.Gunn j.anne O.davidson Department of Physiology The University of Auckland

Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is a leading cause of neonatal death and *** hypothermia significantly reduces death and maj.r disability associated with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy;however,many infants still experience lifelong disabilities to movement,sensation and *** guidelines,based on strong clinical and preclinical evidence,recommend therapeutic hypothermia should be started within 6 hours of birth and continued for a period of 72 hours,with a target brain temperature of 33.5 ±0.5℃ for infants with moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic *** clinical guidelines also recommend that infants be re warmed at a rate of 0.5℃ per hour,but this is not based on strong *** are no randomized controlled trials investigating the optimal rate of rewarming after therapeutic hypothermia for infants with hypoxic-ischemic *** studies of rewarming are conflicting and results were confounded by treatment with sub-optimal durations of *** this review,we evaluate the evidence for the optimal start time,duration and depth of hypothermia,and whether the rate of rewarming after treatment affects brain inj.ry and neurological outcomes.

关键词： hypoxia-ischemia hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy therapeutic hypothermia neuroprotection therapeutic strategies randomized controlled trials animal models fetal sheep piglets

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Study on the early surface films formed on Mg-Y molten alloy in different atmospheres

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j.urnal of Magnesium and Alloys 2015年第3期3卷 173-179页

作者： A.R.Mirak C.j.davidson j.A.Taylor CAST CRC School of Mechanical and Mining EngineeringThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia CAST CRC CSIRO Materials Science and EngineeringP.O.Box 883KenmoreQLD 4069Australia

In the present study,the non-isothermal early stages of surface oxidation of liquid Mg-1%Y alloy during casting were studied under UPH argon,dry air,and air mixed with protective fluorine-bearing *** chemistry and morphology of the surface films were characterized by SEM and EDX *** results indicate a layer of smooth and tightly coherent oxidation film composed of MgO and Y_(2)O_(3) formed on the molten Mg-Y alloy surface with 40-60 nm thickness under dry air.A dendritic/cellular microstructure is clearly visible with Y-rich second phases gathered in surface of the melt and precipitated along the grain/cell boundaries under all gas *** fluorine-bearing gas mixtures,the surface film was a mixed oxide and fluoride and more even;a flat and folded morphology can be seen under SF6 with oxide as dominated phase and under 1,1,1,2-tetra-fluoroethane,a smooth and compact surface film uniformly covering the inner surface of the bubble with equal oxide and fluoride thickness,which results in a film without any maj.r ***_(2) phase appears to be the key characteristic of a good protective film.

关键词： Mg-Y alloy SEM EDX Early surface film Oxidation Fluoridation

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