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Challenges facing the USA in matching Germany on advanced manufacturing for green growth

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international Journal of innovation Studies 2024年第1期8卷 13-24页

作者： Mikael Skou andersen Aarhus University Dept.of Environmental ScienceKatrinebjergvej 89G8200Aarhus N.Denmark

This study explores the relative strength of public policies promoting advanced manufacturing by comparing the government programs and capacities of two world leaders in science and technology:the USA and *** on insights from’varieties-of-capitalism’literature and using process tracing methodology,this study identifies significant differences in today’s pursuit of advanced *** German model of Rhine capitalism has strength due to its long tradition of diversified quality work,built on a long-term commitment to government-industry collaboration,with significant indirect public support provided by vocational training and research *** American model of Manchester capitalism has been challenged by the loss of millions of low-skilled manufacturing jobs due to outsourcing and competition from *** study finds that the“Manufacturing USA”policy initiative of the Obama era,although directly inspired by Germany’s Fraunhofer institutes,is hampered by the contextual and institutional circumstances *** biobased carbon fibers offering the potential of a novel,low-cost material,pursued with research and development(R&D)efforts in both countries,it provides a measure for evaluating policy outcomes,and the study confirms Germany’s technological *** addition,the study’s process-tracing methodology reveals that significant legacies from German knowledge creation in the past have spilled over to American science and technology,and may continue to do so,lured by government *** studies on advanced manufacturing should test the robustness of these findings.

关键词： Research policy industry 4.0 Bioeconomy Low-carbon innovation Varieties of capitalism Process tracing

A very energetic supernova associated with the γ-ray burst of 29 March 2003

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A very energetic supernova associated with the γ-ray burst ...

Suspect and non-targeted screening of chemical pollutants in Botswana's aquatic environments

中国天文学会高能分会2004年学术年会

作者： Jens Hjorth Jesper Sollerman Palle Mφller Johan P.U.Fynbo Stan E.Woosley Chryssa Kouveliotou Nial R.Tanvir Jochen Greiner michael i.andersen Alberto J.Castro-Tirado José María Castro Cerón Andrew S.Fruchter Javier Gorosabel Páll Jakobsson Lex Kaper S Astronomical Observatory NBIfAFG University of Copenhagen Juliane Maries VejDK-2100 Copenhagenφ Denmark Stockholm Observatory Department of Astronomy AlbaNova S-10691 StockholmSweden European Southern Observatory Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2 D-85748 Garchingbei München Germany Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Aarhus Ny MunkegadeDK-8000rhus C Denmark Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of California Santa CruzCalifornia 95064 USA NSSTC SD-50 320 Sparkman Drive Huntsville Alabama 35805 USA Department of Physical Sciences University of Hertfordshire College LaneHatfield AL10 9AB UK Max-Planck-institut für extraterrestrische Physik D-85741 Garching Germany Astrophysikalisches institut D-14482 Potsdam Germany instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía （iAA-CSiC） PO Box 03004 E-18080 GranadaSpain Space Telescope Science institute 3700 San Martin Drive BaltimoreMaryland 21218 USA Space Telescope Science institute 3700 San Martin Drive BaltimoreMaryland 21218 USA Space Telescope Science institute 3700 San Martin Drive BaltimoreMaryland 21218 USA Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía （IAA-CSIC） PO Box 03004 E-18080 GranadaSpain Astronomical Observatory NBIfAFG University of Copenhagen Juliane Maries VejDK-2100 Copenhagen φ Denmark Astronomical institute Anton Pannekoek Kruislaan 403 NL-1098 SJ AmsterdamNetherlands Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg D-07778 Tautenburg Germany istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica - Sezione di Bologna CNRvia Gobetti 101 I-40129 Bologna Italy Astronomical Observatory NBIfAFG University of Copenhagen Juliane Maries VejDK-2100 Copenhagen φ Denmark Astronomical Observatory NBIfAFG University of Copenhagen Juliane Maries VejDK-2100 Copenhagen φ Denmark iNAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste Via G.B. Tiepolo 11 I-34131 TriesteItaly istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica - Sezione di Bologna CNRvia Gobetti 101 I-40129 Bologna Italy Space Telescope Science i

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 363-373页

作者： Kgato P.Selwe Charlotte R.Head Gothatamang N.Phokedi Jens E.T.andersen J.Brett Sallach Caroline E.H.Dessent Department of Chemistry University of YorkHeslingtonYorkUnited Kingdom Department of Environment and Geography University of YorkHeslingtonYorkUnited Kingdom Department of Biology University of YorkHeslingtonYorkUnited Kingdom Department of Chemical and Forensic Sciences Botswana International University of Science and TechnologyBotswana

Chemical pollution in the aquatic systems of Botswana has been sparsely studied despite its potential ecological ***,we perform a study of water samples collected from 13 locations distributed across Botswana to obtain the first overview of the nature and distribution of chemical contaminants across the country's aquatic *** resolution mass spectrometry was applied using nontargeted and suspect screening methods to qualitatively analyse samples.A total of 114 contaminants of emerging concern(CECs)were identified including 68(59.6%)pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical metabolites;16(14.2%)pesticides;13(11.4%)psychoactive compounds and metabolites;11(9.7%)industrial chemicals and intermediates and lastly,5(4.4%)personal care ***,3,4-dimethylmethcathinone,and diazolidinyl urea represented the most commonly detected pharmaceutical,psychoactive drug and personal care product,*** pesticide dodemorph and three industrial chemicals(stearamide,pthalic acid and bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate)were detected in all samples obtained.90 CECs were detected in receiving water(from 7 sample locations),75 in wastewater(from 3 sample locations)and 60 in surface water(from 9 sample locations).Of the compounds detected,only 8 had been identified in environmental samples acquired in Botswana *** discuss the variations in the nature and frequency of chemical pollutants detected in this work in a geographical *** results indicate that Botswana's aquatic systems are subject to pollution,despite wastewater treatment and that in order to mitigate potentially harmful effects on both human and aquatic ecosystems,more investigations are required to correctly identify,track and tackle the sources of pollution.

关键词： Emerging contaminants Chemical pollution Water analysis Pharmaceuticals LC-HRMS/MS

investigation of Hexavalent Chromium Reduction in Strong Saline and Acidic Nitro-Phosphate Solutions

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Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and instrumentation 2024年第1期14卷 1-13页

作者： Deniz Avsar Niels Højmark andersen Dag Øistein Eriksen Jon Petter Omtvedt Department of Chemistry University of Oslo Oslo Norway

Phosphorus fertilizers from less pure sedimentary sources become increasingly important, due to depletion of phosphorus from igneous rock of high quality. Consequently, robust methods with potential to remove various types of hazardous elements are required. Among such impurities, hexavalent chromium (Cr(Vi)) is very likely to become a future challenge. Different industrial ways to treat phosphate rock are currently being practised, and we have here studied how chromium behaves when using the nitro-phosphate process. The reduction mechanism of Cr (Vi) in nitric acid and phosphoric acid solutions was investigated by measuring redox potential and UV-ViS spectra. The results show that Cr (Vi) is not stable in strong nitric acid solutions. Reduction of Cr (Vi) species decreased with decreasing temperature, NO2 concentration, ionic strength and absence of light. These findings support the proposed reduction reaction:The reduction rate was observed proportional to the nitric acid decomposition: .

关键词： Nitro-Phosphate Fertilizers Chromium (Vi) Reduction Chromium Speciation Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy

Rethinking neurodegenerative diseases:neurometabolic concept linking lipid oxidation to diseases in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1437-1445页

作者： Steinunn Sara Helgudóttir Anne Skøttrup Mørkholt Jacek Lichota Preben Bruun-Nyzell Mads Christian andersen Nanna Marie Juhl Kristensen Amanda Krøger Johansen Mikela Reinholdt Zinn Hulda Maria Jensdóttir John Dirk Vestergaard Nieland 2N Pharma ApS NOVI Science ParkAalborgDenmark Molecular Pharmacology Group Department of Health Science and TechnologyAalborg UniversityAalborgDenmark

Currently,there is a lack of effective medicines capable of halting or reve rsing the progression of neurodegenerative disorde rs,including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,Parkinson s disease,multiple sclerosis,or Alzheimer s *** the unmet medical need,it is necessary to reevaluate the existing para digms of how to to rget these *** considering neurodegenerative diseases from a systemic neurometabolic perspective,it becomes possible to explain the shared pathological *** innovative approach presented in this paper draws upon exte nsive research conducted by the authors and researchers *** this review,we highlight the importance of metabolic mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of neurodegenerative *** provide an overview of the risk factors associated with developing neurodegenerative disorders,including genetic,epigenetic,and environmental fa ***,we examine pathological mechanisms implicated in these diseases such as oxidative stress,accumulation of misfolded proteins,inflammation,demyelination,death of neurons,insulin resistance,dysbiosis,and neurotransmitter ***,we outline a proposal for the restoration of mitochondrial metabolism,a crucial aspect that may hold the key to facilitating curative therapeutic interventions for neurodegenerative disorders in forthcoming advancements.

关键词： brain disease carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 epigenetics metabolism gut microbiome mitochondrial dysfunction neurodegeneration oxidative stress

Extracellular Vesicles from Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (imEVs) improve Cold Preservation of isolated Mitochondria

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第1期12卷 52-63页

作者： Xianpeng Jiang Sergey Rodin Ken Braesch-andersen Catherine C. Baucom Karl-Henrik Grinnemo Brent Segal Elliott Mitochondrial Center Sallie Astor Burdine Breast Foundation Baton Rouge Louisiana USA Mitosense inc. Boston Massachusetts USA Department of Surgical Sciences Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Cardio-Thoracic Translational Medicine (CTTM) Laboratory Uppsala University Uppsala University Hospital Uppsala Sweden

Mitochondrial organelle transplantation (MOT) is an innovative strategy for the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction such as cardiac ischemic reperfusion injuries, Parkinson’s diseases, brain and spinal cord injuries, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, one of the major challenges for widespread usage is a methodology for preservation of isolated mitochondria. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are phospholipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles released from cells. EVs carry a cargo of proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, metabolites, and even organelles such as mitochondria. Purpose: To test if EVs enhance the stability of isolated mitochondria. Methods: We mixed isolated mitochondria of fibroblasts with EVs of mesenchymal stromal cells (imEVs) (9:1 in volume) and stored the mixture at 2°C - 6°C for different time periods. We measured morphology, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and mitochondrial ATP content at 0, 2, 5 days. Key findings: After 2 days of storage, the mito-chondria without imEVs lost approximate 70% MMP (RFU: 1822 ± 68), compared to the fresh mitochondria (RFU: 5458 ± 52) (p 0.05). in agreement with MMP, mitochondria without imEVs lost significant mitochondrial ATP content (p 0.05), after 2 days of cold storage, compared to fresh mitochondria. Microscopy showed that imEVs promoted aggregation of isolated mitochondria. Summary: The preliminary data showed that imEVs enhanced the stability of isolated mitochondria in cold storage.

关键词： Mitochondria Extracellular Vesicles Mitochondrial Preservation MOT imEVs

Hard-thermal-loop QED thermodynamics

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第9期34卷 1527-1529页

作者：苏楠 Jens O.andersen michael Strickland Frankfurt institute for Advanced Studies Department of Physics Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Physics Gettysburg College

The weak-coupling expansion for thermodynamic quantities in thermal field theories is poorly convergent unless the coupling constant is *** discuss the calculation of the free energy for a hot gas of electrons and photons to three-loop order using hard-thermal-loop perturbation theory （HTLpt）.We show that the hard-thermal-loop perturbation reorganization improves the convergence of the successive approximations to the QED free energy at large coupling,e ～ *** reorganization is gauge invariant by construction,and due to the cancellations among various contributions,we obtain a completely analytic result for the resummed thermodynamic potential at three loops.

关键词： resummation hard-thermal-loop thermal field theory QED free Energy

Efficient Recovery of Structured Sparse Signals via Approximate Message Passing with Structured Spike and Slab Prior

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China Communications 2018年第6期15卷 1-17页

作者： Xiangming Meng Sheng Wu michael Riis andersen Jiang Zhu Zuyao Ni Huawei Technologies Co.Ltd. Shanghai 201206China Tsinghua Space Center Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Computer Science Aalto University P.O.Box 15400FI-00076Finland Ocean College Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China

Due to limited volume, weight and power consumption, micro-satellite has to reduce data transmission and storage capacity by image compression when performs earth observation missions. However, the quality of images may be unsatisfied. This paper considers the problem of recovering sparse signals by exploiting their unknown sparsity pattern. To model structured sparsity, the prior correlation of the support is encoded by imposing a transformed Gaussian process on the spike and slab probabilities. Then, an efficient approximate message-passing algorithm with structured spike and slab prior is derived for posterior inference, which, combined with a fast direct method, reduces the computational complexity significantly. Further, a unified scheme is developed to learn the hyperparameters using expectation maximization(EM) and Bethe free energy optimization. Simulation results on both synthetic and real data demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： compressed sensing structuredsparsity spike and slab prior approximate message passing expectation propagation

Elastohydrodynamic lubrication and wear modelling of the knee joint replacements with surface topography

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Biosurface and Biotribology 2018年第1期4卷 18-23页

作者： Leiming Gao Zikai Hua Robert Hewson michael Skipper andersen Zhongmin Jin Department of Aeronautics lmperial College LondonLondonUK School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation Shanghai UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China Department of Materials and Production Aalborg University9100 AalborgDenmark Southwest Jiaotong University ChengduPeople's Republic of China Tribology Research ilnstitute School of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK

This numerical study predicted wear of lubricated total knee replacements with the existing of textured surfaceand the possibility of surface designs to reduce *** the first part,a wear model of metal-on-polyethylene total kneereplacement was *** medial and lateral knee compartments was accounted for separately,with the contactforce and motion during walking cycles *** adapted Archard wear formula was employed where the wearfactor was an exponential function of the'Lambda ratio'(film thickness to the average roughness).Wear of the softbearing surface(polyethylene insert)was simulated with regularly geometry update until a steady-state wear *** the second part,the effect of surface topography of the knee replacements was *** surface texturingtechniques have shown promising benefit to machine components in many areas of engineering *** textureparameters were designed using the Taguchi method for the geometry,size,and distribution of the micro *** observed that the lateral compartment may benefit from surface texturing if dimples were properly designed,while the texturing showed hardly advantageous effect on the medial surface in terms of lubrication enhancement andwear *** results were presented in the 6th World Tribology Conference.

关键词： wear surface lubrication