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Mild Reductions in Mitochondrial NAD- Dependent Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Activity Result in Altered Nitrate Assimilation and Piqmentation But Do Not Impact Growth

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Molecular Plant 2010年第1期3卷 156-173页

作者： Agata Sienkiewicz-Porzucek Ronan Sulpice Sonia Osorio Ina Krahnert Andrea Leisse Ewa Urbanczyk-Wochniak michael hodges Alisdair R. Fernie Adriano Nunes-Nesi Max-Planck-lnstitut for Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany Institute de Biotechnologie des Plantes Unite Mixte de Recherche 8618 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Universite de Paris-Sud 11 91405Orsay Cedex France

Transgenic tomato （Solanum lycopersicum） plants were generated expressing a fragment of the mitochon- drial NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase gene （SIIDH1） in the antisense orientation. The transgenic plants displayed a mild reduction in the activity of the target enzyme in the leaves but essentially no visible alteration in growth from the wild-type. Fruit size and yield were, however, reduced. These plants were characterized by relatively few changes in pho- tosynthetic parameters, but they displayed a minor decrease in maximum photosynthetic efficiency （Fv/Fm）. Furthermore, a clear reduction in flux through the tricarboxylic acid （TCA） cycle was observed in the transformants. Additionally, bio- chemical analyses revealed that the transgenic lines exhibited considerably altered metabolism, being characterized by slight decreases in the levels of amino acids, intermediates of the TCA cycle, photosynthetic pigments, starch, and NAD（P）H levels, but increased levels of nitrate and protein. Results from these studies show that even small changes in mitochon- drial NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase activity lead to noticeable alterations in nitrate assimilation and suggest the presence of different strategies by which metabolism is reprogrammed to compensate for this deficiency.

关键词： Carbon metabolism nitrogen metabolism photorespiration photosynthesis mitochondria tomato.

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Enduring alterations in hippocampal astrocytesynaptic proximity following adolescent alcohol exposure: reversal by gabapentin

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第8期15卷 1496-1501页

作者： Kati L.Healey Sandra Kibble Sierra hodges Kathryn J.Reissner Anze Testen Tiffany A.Wills Shawn K.Acheson Benjamin M.Siemsen John A.McFaddin michael D.Scofield H.Scott Swartzwelder Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Duke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA Department of Psychology and Neuroscience University of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy LSU School of MedicineNew OrleansLAUSA Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA

Adolescent alcohol abuse is a substantive public health problem that has been the subject of intensive study in recent *** reports of a wide range of effects of adolescent intermittent ethanol(AIE)exposure on brain and behavior,little is known about the mechanisms that may underlie those effects,and even less about treatments that might reverse *** studies from our laboratory have indicated that AIE produced enduring changes in astrocyte function and synaptic activity in the hippocampal formation,suggesting the possibility of an alteration in astrocyte-neuronal connectivity and *** utilized astrocyte-specific,membrane restricted viral labeling paired with immunohistochemistry to perform confocal single cell astrocyte imaging,three-dimensional reconstruction,and quantification of astrocyte morphology in hippocampal area CA1 from adult rats after ***,we assessed the colocalization of astrocyte plasma membrane labeling with immunoreactivity for AMPA-(α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid)glutamate receptor 1,an AMPA receptor subunit and established neuronal marker of excitatory synapses,as a metric of astrocyte-synapse *** significantly reduced the colocalization of the astrocyte plasma membrane with synaptic marker puncta in *** is striking in that it suggests not only an alteration of the physical association of astrocytes with synapses by AIE,but one that lasts into adulthood-well after the termination of alcohol *** even more notable,the AIE-induced reduction of astrocyte-synapse interaction was reversed by sub-chronic treatment with the clinically used agent,gabapentin(Neurontin),in *** suggests that a medication in common clinical use may have the potential to reverse some of the enduring effects of adolescent alcohol exposure on brain *** animal experiments conducted were approved by the Duke University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee(Protocol

关键词： adolescent alcohol astrocyte astrocyte morphology astrocyte-neuronal colocalization CA1 gabapentin GluA1 hippocampus tripartite synapse

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A phase I study with Satraplatin and simultaneous chest radiation for non-small cell lung cancer

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Advances in Lung Cancer 2012年第3期1卷 13-19页

作者： Puneeth Iyengar Joseph C. hodges Randall Hughes michael DiMaio michael Petrone Soyong Yun Hak Choy Department of Radiation Oncology University of Texas Southwestern Dallas USA Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology University of Texas Southwestern Dallas USA Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology University of Texas Southwestern Dallas USA Formerly of GPC Biotech Princeton USA

Introduction: Satraplatin has been given in combination therapy for lung cancer to utilize its radio-sensitizing properties. The optimal dose of satra-platin given concurrently with radiation therapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSC-LC) has not been defined. This phase I trial attempts to identify a maximally tolerated dose (MTD) and dose limiting toxicity (DLT) for Satraplatin given con-currently with radiation for locally advanced N-SCLC. Patients and Methods: 15 patients with histologically confirmed Stage IIIA/B NSCLC entered onto this study with four dose escalations (10 to 40 mg daily) of Satraplatin. Eligibility included patients with NSCLC and one of the following criteria: 1) previously untreated, inoperable disease and planned to receive radiation therapy to primary disease site;2) previously resected disease with mediastinal relapse;or 3) metastatic disease in no more than one distant site. Results: The most common toxicities reported were all grades of fatigue (n = 9), nausea (n = 9), constipation (n = 7), fever (n = 7), and vomiting (n = 6). No DLT at the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd dose levels was identified. At the 4th dose level, one patient developed grade III elevation of liver function tests (LFTs) and a second patient developed grade III diarrhea with fever requiring hospitalization. There were 8 partial responses out of 11 evaluable patients for response (RR 67%). Conclusion: Elevated LFTs and diarrhea appear to be the principal DLTs of concurrent daily oral Satraplatin and thoracic radiation in the outpatient setting. The MTD of concurrent Satraplatin with thoracic radiation therapy appears to be 40 mg daily.

关键词： Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Chemoradiation Satraplatin Phase I Study Toxicity

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What Do Artifacts Do?-An Anthropological Approach to Materiality

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民族学刊 2015年第5期 93-95页

作者： michael Rowlands Tang Yun Zhang Lisheng Department of Anthropology University College LondonUK Southwest Nationalities Research Academy Southwest University for NationalitiesChengdu610041 SichuanChina University College London UK

I rather deliberately use artifact and object in my title rather than thing and thingness. My aim is to emphasise the ars/artis element of making/fabricating and facts /objects as outcomes/realities. Bruno Latour has made an elegant pas-tiche of the terms fetish and fact to create hybrid factiches - which I am certainly taking advantage of. My focus is also Theodore Adorno’s use of the term object to characterise why it is so often used negatively as the decontextualised object. The quote I want to use is from the beginning of his article Valery Proust Museum in the collection Prisms –“The German word museal ( museum like ) has un-pleasant overtones. It describes objects to which the observer no longer has any vital relationship and which are in the process of dying. They owe their preservation more to historical respect than to the needs of the present.” Thankfully a little later he goes on to say:“One cannot be content,however, with the general recognition of a negative situation. An intellectual dispute like this must be fought out with specific arguments.” So I want to present one to retrieve the value of de-contextualised objects. In the back of my mind is that other dispute on this theme in archaeological dialogues. Tim In-gold takes materials seriously and accuses the ma-terial culture bunch at UCL ( University College London) of reducing materials to social relations or sociality. A seemingly unlikely hero for Tim Ingold is Henry hodges who wrote a book Artifacts. Ingold advocates the autonomy of the object/ materials separately from peoples’ intentions towards them. In his response to Tim Ingold, Danny Miller accused him of primitivism - a desire to naturalise the world – see us all inhabiting it through natural processes of self-making - making things /doing things for ourselves. Instead of the Stone Age–he says –we live in a Plastic Age - we encounter the material world already made – and we re-sponds as consumers in acts of appropriation. I think that Ad

关键词： artifacts materiality museum factishism divinity

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