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Impact of Meteorological Drought on Streamflow Drought in Jinghe River Basin of China

Chinese Geographical Science 2014年第6期24卷 694-705页

作者： ZHAO Lin LYU Aifeng WU Jianjun michael hayes TANG Zhenghong HE Bin LIU Jinghui LIU Ming School of Resource and Environmental Sciences Wuhan University Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Beijing Normal University National Drought Mitigation Center School of Natural resourcesUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln 68588USA College of Architecture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln68588USA College of Global Change and Earth System Beijing Normal University

Under global climate change, drought has become one of the most serious natural hazards, affecting the ecological environment and human life. Drought can be categorized as meteorological, agricultural, hydrological or socio-economic drought. Among the different categories of drought, hydrological drought, especially streamflow drought, has been given more attention by local governments, researchers and the public in recent years. Identifying the occurrence of streamflow drought and issuing early warning can provide timely information for effective water resources management. In this study, streamflow drought is detected by using the Standardized Runoff Index, whereas meteorological drought is detected by the Standardized Precipitation Index. Comparative analyses of frequency, magnitude, onset and duration are conducted to identify the impact of meteorological drought on streamflow drought. This study focuses on the Jinghe River Basin in Northwest China, mainly providing the following findings. 1) Eleven meteorological droughts and six streamflow droughts were indicated during 1970 and 1990 after pooling using Inter-event time and volume Criterion method. 2) Streamflow drought in the Jinghe River Basin lagged meteorological drought for about 127 days. 3) The frequency of streamflow drought in Jinghe River Basin was less than meteorological drought. However, the average duration of streamflow drought is longer. 4) The magnitude of streamflow drought is greater than meteorological drought. These results not only play an important theoretical role in understanding relationships between different drought categories, but also have practical implications for streamflow drought mitigation and regional water resources management.

关键词： streamflow drought meteorological drought Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) Standardized Runoff Index (SRI) timelag Jinghe River Basin

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Evaluating Nebraska’s local comprehensive plans to achieve the national wetland conservation missions in the USA

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2022年第1期8卷 79-93页

作者： Ligang Zhang Qiao Hu michael hayes Mark Burbach Tiffany Messer Yuzhen Zhou Zhenghong Tang School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA Department of Statistics University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA Community and Regional Planning Program University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA

The *** government’s requirements and guidance for wetland conservation are reflected in a series of federal laws,regulations,and ***,the degree to which these requirements are reflected in local planning efforts is *** study using five components with 56 indicators evaluates how well wetland conservation efforts are integrated into 112 local comprehensive plans in Nebraska,*** results show that the majority of local comprehensive plans pay little direct attention to wetland conservation,although many conservation efforts are conducted under the umbrella of environmental protection *** indicators include water resource protection received the highest score and was the descriptor of natural or environmental resources and resulted in the highest level of local awareness on natural *** indicator of setting goals for no net loss of wetlands received the lowest score among all indicators,demonstrating a clear gap between the national vision and the local reality of wetland *** suggest local governments need more direct and proactive inputs to improve wetland *** findings from this research provide a practical roadmap for planners globally,particularly for the developing countries,to integrate wetland conservation into the local planning systems.

关键词： Wetland conservation integration local comprehensive plan nebraska

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Jason M. Wirth, Mountains, Rivers, and the Great Earth：Reading Gary Snyder and Dogen in an Age of Ecological Crisis （reviewed by Josh hayes hayes）

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2017年第4期12卷 666-671页

作者： Josh hayes hayes Alvernia University

The great bell of the Gion Temple reverberates into every human heart to wake us to the fact that all is impermanent and fleeting. The withered flowers of the sala trees by Shakyamuni＇s deathbed remind us that even those flourishing with wealth and power will soon pass away. The life of fame and pride is as ephemeral as a springtime dream. The courageous and aggressive person too will vanish like a swirl of dust in the wind. --Heike Monogatari, 12th century, trans. Gary Snyder.

关键词： Jason M. Wirth Mountains

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High temperature slows down growth in tobacco hornworms （Manduca sexta larvae） under food restriction

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Insect Science 2015年第3期22卷 424-430页

作者： Matthew B. hayes Lihong Jiao Tsu-hsuan Tsao Ian King michael Jennings Chen Hou Department of Biological Science Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla MO 65409 USA Department of Biological Science National Taiwan Normal University TaipeL Taiwan 11677 China

When fed ad libitum （AL）, ectothermic animals usually grow faster and have higher metabolic rate at higher ambient temperature. However, if food supply is limited, there is an energy tradeoff between growth and metabolism. Here we hypothesize that for ectothermic animals under food restriction （FR）, high temperature will lead to a high metabolic rate, but growth will slow down to compensate for the high metabolism. We measure the rates of growth and metabolism of 4 cohorts of5th instar hornworms （Manduca sexta larvae） reared at 2 levels of food supply （AL and FR） and 2 temperatures （20 and 30 ℃）. Our results show that, compared to the cohorts reared at 20 ℃, the ones reared at 30 ℃ have high metabolic rates under both AL and FR conditions, but a high growth rate under AL and a low growth rate under FR, supporting this hypothesis.

关键词： energy budget food restriction growth hornworm metabolism tradeoff

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Comprehensive chemical characterization of PM_(2.5) in the large East Mediterranean-Middle East city of Beirut,Lebanon

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第11期133卷 118-137页

作者： Nansi Fakhri Marc Fadel Fatma Ozturk Melek Keles Minas Iakovides michael Pikridas Charbel Abdallah Cyril Karam Jean Sciare Patrick L.hayes Charbel Afif EMMA Research Group Centre d’Analyses et de RechercheFaculty of SciencesUniversitéSaint-JosephBeirutLebanon Department of Chemistry Faculty of SciencesUniversitéde MontréalMontréalQuébecCanada Environmental Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringBolu Abant Izzet Baysal UniversityBoluTurkey Climate and Atmosphere Research Center(CARE-C) The Cyprus InstituteNicosiaCyprus

The chemical composition of PM_(2.5) at two sites in Lebanon,a country in the East Mediterranean-Middle East region,is investigated in the spring and summer *** average PM_(2.5) concentrations were of(29±16)μg/m 3 for Beirut urban site and(32±14)μg/m 3 for Beirut suburban *** study showed that the geographic location of the East Mediterranean region,such as its proximity to the Mediterranean Sea and the dust storm intrusion are a significant contributor to the high PM levels from natural sources,which cannot be mitigated,rendering the PM_(2.5) WHO annual Air Quality guideline unattainable due to high natural background,which also applies to the entire Middle East *** and Eastern Europe are the dominant origin of air masses throughout our sampling days,suggesting the long-range transport as an important potential contributor to the high observed concentrations of V,Ni,and sulfate in this region most probably in other East Mediterranean countries than Lebanon *** local sources determined through the chemical speciation including organics are road transport,resuspension of dust and diesel private generators.A health risk assessment of airborne metals was performed and the carcinogenic risk for all the metals exceeded by 42(adults)and 14(children)times the acceptable risk level(10^(-6))at both *** was the predominant carcinogenic metal,emphasizing the need to replace energy production with cleaner energy on a regional level and highlighting the severe impact of air pollution on the health of inhabitants in this region’s main cities.

关键词： Chemical composition PM_(2.5) Eastern Mediterranean Middle East Organic aerosols Health risk assessment

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On localization with robust power control for safety critical wireless sensor networks

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控制理论与应用（英文版） 2011年第1期9卷 83-92页

作者： michael J. WALSH Anthony FEE John BARTON Brendan O'FLYNN Martin J. hayes Cian O'MATHUNA Clarity Center for Web Technologies Microsystems Centre-Tyndall National Institute Lee MaltingsUniversity College CorkCorkIreland Wireless Access Research Center University of LimerickLimerickIreland

A hybrid methodology is proposed for use in low power, safety critical wireless sensor network applications, where quality-of-service orientated transceiver output power control is required to operate in parallel with radio frequency-based localization. The practical implementation is framed in an experimental procedure designed to track a moving agent in a realistic indoor environment. An adaptive time synchronized approach is employed to ensure the positioning technique can operate effectively in the presence of dataloss and where the transmitter output power of the mobile agent is varying due to power control. A deterministic multilateration-based positioning approach is adopted and accuracy is improved by filtering signal strength measurements overtime to account for multipath fading. The location estimate is arrived at by employing least-squares estimation. Power control is implemented at two separate levels in the network topology. First, power control is applied to the uplink between the tracking reference nodes and the centralized access point. A number of algorithms are implemented highlighting the advantage associated with using additional feedback bandwidth, where available, and also the need for effective time delay compensation. The second layer of power control is implemented on the uplink between the mobile agent and the access point and here quantifiable improvements in quality of service and energy efficiency are observed. The hybrid paradigm is extensively tested experimentally on a fully compliant 802.15.4 testbed, where mobility is considered in the problem formulation using a team of fully autonomous robots.

关键词： Wireless sensor network Power control Localization

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Pivotal principles for digital earth development in the twenty-first century

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第4期10卷 371-385页

作者： Cheryl Desha Timothy Foresman Annapurna Vancheswaran Angela Reeve John hayes Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneAustralia The Energy and Resources Institute(TERI) DelhiIndia

Reductionist thinking will no longer suffice to address contemporary,complex challenges that defy sectoral,national,or disciplinary ***,lessons learned from the past cannot be confidently used to predict outcomes or guide future *** authors propose that the confluence of a number of technology and social disruptors presents a pivotal moment in history to enable real time,accelerated,and integrated action that can adequately support a‘future earth’through transformational *** on more than a decade of dialogues hosted by the International Society for Digital Earth(ISDE),and evolving a briefing note presented to delegates of Pivotal 2015,the paper presents an emergent context for collectively addressing spatial information,sustainable development,and good governance through three guiding principles for enabling prosperous living in the twenty-first *** are:(1)open data,(2)real-world context,and(3)informed visualization for decision *** paper synthesizes an interdisciplinary dialogue to create a credible and positive future vision of collaborative and transparent action for the betterment of humanity and *** is intended that these Pivotal Principles can be used as an elegant framework for action toward the Digital Earth vision,across local,regional,and international communities and organizations.

关键词： Geo-spatial information transformation toward sustainability Pivotal Principles

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Scalable high-repetition-rate sub-half-cycle terahertz pulses from spatially indirect interband transitions

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第6期11卷 1304-1311页

作者： Christian Meineke michael Prager Johannes hayes Qiannan Wen Lukas Zheyi Kastner Dieter Schuh Kilian Fritsch Oleg Pronin Markus Stein Felix Schafer Sangam Chatterjee Mackillo Kira Rupert Huber Dominique Bougeard Department of Physics University of Regensburg93040 RegensburgGermany Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMl 48109USA Faculty of Electrical Engineering Helmut Schmidt University22043 HamburgGermany Institute of Experimental Physics I Justus Liebig University Giessen35392 GiessenGermany

Intense phase-locked terahertz(THz)pulses are the bedrock of THz lightwave electronics,where the carrier field creates a transient bias to control electrons on sub-cycle time *** applications such as THz scanning tunnelling microscopy or electronic devices operating at optical clock rates call for ultimately short,almost unipolar waveforms,at megahertz(MHz)repetition ***,we present a flexible and scalable scheme for the generation of strong phase-locked THz pulses based on shift currents in type-ll-aligned epitaxial semiconductor *** measured THz waveforms exhibit only 0.45 optical cycles at their centre frequency within the full width at half maximum of the intensity envelope,peak fields above 1.1 kVcm^(-1) and spectral components up to the mid-infrared,at a repetition rate of 4 *** only positive half-cycle of this waveform exceeds all negative half-cycles by almost four times,which is unexpected from shift currents *** detailed analysis reveals that local charging dynamics induces the pronounced positive THz-emission peak as electrons and holes approach charge neutrality after separation by the optical pump pulse,also enabling ultrabroadband *** unipolar emitters mark a milestone for flexibly scalable,next-generation high-repetition-rate sources of intense and strongly asymmetric electric field transients.

关键词： pump repetition cycle

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Dynamic knee valgus kinematics and their relationship to pain in women with patellofemoral pain compared to women with chronic hip joint pain

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第5期8卷 486-493页

作者： Eric Schmidt Marcie Harris-hayes Gretchen B.Salsich Program in Physical Therapy Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63108USA Program in Physical Therapy Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic TrainingSaint Louis UniversitySt.LouisMO 63104USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63108USA

Background:Dynamic knee valgus(DKV)is an abnormal movement pattern visually characterized by excessive medial movement of the lower extremity during weight *** in hip and knee kinematic components of DKV may explain the emergence of different pain problems in people who exhibit the same observed movement *** a secondary analysis of exiting data sets,we sought to determine whether hip and knee frontal and transverse plane angles during a functional task differed between women with patellofemoral pain and women with chronic hip joint pain and the relationship between joint-specific kinematics and pain in these 2 pain ***:In the original studies,3-dimensional hip and knee kinematics during a single-limb squat were obtained in 20 women with patellofemoral pain and 14 women with chronic hip joint pain who demonstrated visually classified *** intensity during the squat was assessed in both *** the secondary analysis,kinematic data were compared between pain groups using their respective control groups as a *** each pain group,correlation coefficients were used to determine the relationship between kinematics and pain during the ***:Hip adduction and contralateral pelvic drop were greater in those with chronic hip joint pain compared to those with patellofemoral pain(effect sizes ≥0.40).Greater knee external rotation(r= 0.47,p= 0.04)was correlated with greater knee pain in those with patellofemoral pain,while greater hip adduction(r = 0.53,p = 0.05)and greater hip internal rotation(r = 0.55,p = 0.04)were correlated with greater hip pain in those with chronic hip joint ***:Hip frontal plane motion was greater in those with chronic hip joint pain compared to those with patellofemoral *** both groups,greater abnormal movement at the respective joint(e.g.,knee external rotation in the patellofemoral pain group and hip adduction and internal rotation in the chronic hip joint pain gro

关键词： Anterior knee pain syndrome Femoroacetabular impingement Hip joint Kinematics Knee joint Single-limb squat

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Role of inflammation and infection in the pathogenesis of human acute liver failure: clinical implications for monitoring and therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第26期22卷 5958-5970页

作者： Mhairi C Donnelly Peter C hayes Kenneth J Simpson Department of Hepatology and Scottish Liver Transplant Unit Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh

Acute liver failure is a rare and devastating clinical condition. At present, emergency liver transplantation is the only life-saving therapy in advanced cases, yet the feasibility of transplantation is affected by the presence of systemic inflammation, infection and resultant multiorgan failure. The importance of immune dysregulation and acquisition of infection in the pathogenesis of acute liver failure and its associated complications is now recognised. In this review we discuss current thinking regarding the role of infection and inflammation in the pathogenesis of and outcome in human acute liver failure, the implications for the management of such patients and suggest directions for future research.

关键词： Inflammation Neuroinflammation Acute liver failure Biomarker Infection

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