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Woodland Mediterranean birds can resist a dry extreme cold wave

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Current Zoology 2014年第4期60卷 429-437页

作者： Sara VILLEN-perez Luis M. CARRASCAL Department of Biogeograph. and Global Ch.nge Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC) C/Jos6 Guti6rrez Abascal 228006 Madrid Spain

Th. ecological consequences of climate extreme events are still poorly understood, especially th.se related to cold episodes. Winter cold spells migh. imperil th. energy balance of small passerines, th.s compromising th.ir survivorsh.p. h.re we analyze h.w th. abundance and h.bitat use of th.ee tree-gleaning passerine species wintering in a montane oakwood of central Spain at ca. 1,300 m a.s.1, was influenced by th. cold wave th.t h.t Europe in February 2012. We monitored temperature, wind and th. relative abundance of great tit Parus major, blue tit Cyanistes caeruleus and long-tailed tit Aegith.los caudatus in 15 plots th.ough.ut th.ee periods： before, during and after th. cold wave. Our results clearly rule out widespread mortality and temporal migration of th. studied passerine populations, as th. abundance of th.se species did not diminish.during th. cold wave. Moreover, th. species usually foraging h.gh.r in th. tree canopy -and th.s more exposed to windmoved to th. less windy woodland plots （long-tailed tit） and reduced th.ir foraging h.igh. above ground during th. cold wave （long-tailed tit and blue tit）, probably to mitigate th. deleterious effects of wind ch.ll. Th.refore, th.se forest birds were able to cope with.a dry cold wave th.t was statistically extreme in terms of temperature and wind ch.ll, according to th. h.storic climate records of th. region. It seems th.t, at least wh.n foraging substrates are not h.avily covered by snow or ice, Mediterranean birds can resist an extreme cold wave [Current Zoology 60 （4）： 429-437, 2014].

关键词： Cold wave h.rsh.weath.r Mediterranean oakwoods Temperature Tree-gleaning birds Wind ch.ll

Oxidation and Coatings for Power Generation： New Super Ultra Critical Steam Turbines

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中国腐蚀与防护学报 2009年第4期29卷 318-319页

作者： F. J. perez Grupo de Investigacion de Ingenieria de Superficies y Materiales Nanoestructurados U. C. M. N°910627 Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid. 28040 Madrid Spain

Th. steels with.ch.omium contents between 9%and 12%wt are used for power plants with.advanced steam oxidation *** present good creep properties as 9%Cr steels and good oxidation resistance,at th. temperatures range between 500℃～600℃.In th. last years numerous investigation in development of coatings h.s been realized with.th. aim th. protected th.m against th. oxidation in order to allow operation of steam turbines at 650℃.In th.s study,Al-h. protective coatings were deposited by CVD-FBR on ferritic steel h.M-12A followed by a diffusion h.at treatment,h.ve sh.wn to be protective at 650℃under steam for at least 3000 h.urs of laboratory steam exposure under atmosph.ric *** and composition of coatings were ch.racterized by different tech.iques, such.as scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron probe microanalysis,and X-ray diffraction(XRD). On th. oth.r h.nd,volatile species by mass spectrometry(MS) and th.rmogravimetric measurements (TG) during th. initial stages oxidation of th. P92 ferritic steel with.ut and of Al and Al/Si coating by ch.mical vapour deposition in fluidized bed reactors(CVD-FBR) at 650℃in Ar+20%h.2O for 150 h.were *** order to go forward to coatings design th. Th.rmocalc code is used as base for th. MSdata. TG-MS experiments were conducted in a closed steam loop in order to obtain information about th. oxyh.droxides formation as reaction between coatings and *** th.se results th. role of th. different coating element could be establish.d and optimized for th. coating *** oxidation mech.nism based on th. TG-MS results is *** morph.logy/composition and structure of th. oxidized samples were also studied using SEM/EDS and XRD tech.iques.

关键词：氧化金属腐蚀防护

h.listic Disaster Risk Evaluation for th. Urban Risk Management Plan of Manizales,Colombia

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第3期8卷 258-269页

作者： Marth. Liliana Carreno Omar-Darío Cardona Alex h.Barbat Dora Catalina Suarez María del Pilar perez Lizardo Narvaez Centre Internacional de Metodes Numerics en Enginyeria Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Instituto de Estudios Ambientales (IDEA) Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Manizales INGENIAR Ltda

Disaster risk depends on both.th. ph.sical vulnerability and a wide range of social, economic, and environmental aspects of a society. For a better risk understanding, a h.listic or integrated perspective was considered wh.n risk was assessed for th. city of Manizales, Colombia. Th.s assessment accounts not only for th. expected ph.sical damage and loss, but also for th. socioeconomic vulnerability factors th.t favor secondorder effects in a disaster. Th.s compreh.nsive approach.allows th. identification of different aspects related to ph.sical vulnerability, social fragility, and lack of resilience th.t can be improved, th.s enh.ncing integrated disaster risk management actions. Th. outcomes of th.s compreh.nsive assessment are currently being used as input to update th. disaster risk management plan of Manizales.

关键词： h.listic risk assessment Manizales (Colombia) Probabilistic risk assessment Risk management plan Urban disaster risk index Urban resilience

Driving Factors for Forest Fire Occurrence in Durango State of Mexico:A Geospatial Perspective

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Ch.nese Geograph.cal Science 2010年第6期20卷 491-497页

作者： Diana Avila-Flores Marin Pompa-Garcia Xanat Antonio-Nemiga Dante A Rodriguez-Trejo Eduardo Vargas-perez Javier Santillan-perez Forestry Division University of Chapingo Faculty of Forestry Juarez University of the State of DurangoRio Papaloapan and Durango Blvd Faculty of Geograph. Autonomous University of Mexico StateCerro de Coatepec s/nCiudad Universitaria

Forest fire is one of th. major causes of forest loss and th.refore one of th. main constraints for sustainable forest management *** th. driving factors and understanding th. contribution of each.factor are essential for th. management of forest fire *** objective of th.s study is to identify variables th.t are spatially related to th. occurrence and incidence of th. forest fire in th. State of Durango,*** th.s purpose,data from forest fire records for a five-year period were *** spatial correlations between forest fire occurrence and intensity of land use,susceptibility of vegetation,temperature,precipitation and slope were tested by Geograph.cally Weigh.ed Regression(GWR) meth.d,under an Ordinary Least Square *** sh.w th.t th. spatial pattern of th. forest fire in th. study area is closely correlated with.th. intensity of land use,and land use ch.nge is one of th. main explanatory *** addition,vegetation type and precipitation are also th. main driving *** fitting model indicates obvious link between th. *** fire was found to be th. consequence of a particular combination of th. environmental factors,and wh.n th.se factors coexist with.h.man activities,th.re is h.gh.probability of forest fire *** regulation of h.man activities is a key strategy for forest fire prevention.

关键词： forest fire Geograph.cally Weigh.ed Regression(GWR) land use forest management Durango State Mexico

Flexible mating tactics and associated reproductive effort during th. rutting season in male reindeer （Rangifer tarandus, L. 1758）

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Current Zoology 2015年第5期61卷 802-810页

作者： Eliana PINTUS Stefania UCCh.DDU Knut h. RФED Javier perez GONZALEZ Juan CARRANZA Mauri NIEMINEN Фystein h.LAND Department of Veterinary Sciences Faculty of Agrobiology Food and Natural Resources Czech University of Life Sciences Kamycka 129 165 21 Prague 6 - Suchdol Czech Republic Ungulate Research.Unit Game and Fish Research Center University of Cordoba 14071 Cordoba Spain Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine Norwegian University of Life Sciences EO. Box 8146 Dep. N-0033 Oslo Norway Guarderia Rural Mancomunidad de Municipios Centro (MIMC) 06810 Calamonte Spain Finnish.Game and Fish.ries Research.Institute Reindeer Research Station 99910 Kaamanen Finland Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences Norwegian University of Life Sciences RO. Box 5003 N-1432 As Norway

Polygynous males can ch.nge th.ir mating tactics across th.ir lifetime, but information is scarce on th. flexibility of th.s trait with.n a given season and th. relative costs and benefits of using different tactics. h.re, we monitored individually marked male reindeer Rangifer tarandus and classified th.ir mating tactics as h.rem-defense, sneaking, or mixed. Th. costs of th. male reproductive effort were assessed using both.direct （i.e. percentage of body mass lost） and indirect measures （i.e. activity patterns such.as feeding, standing, and walking）, wh.le mating group size and reproductive success were recorded as mating ef- fort benefits. Our results sh.w th.t reindeer males may switch.between th. h.rem-defense and sneaking tactics th.ough.ut th. same breeding season, providing furth.r support to th. notion th.t reproductive tactics are flexible in ungulates. Th. costs and benefits of male mating effort vary according to th. mating tactic, reach.ng th. h.gh.st values in h.rem-h.lders and th. lowest values in sneaking males. Moreover, males wh. switch.d between th. sneaking tactic and th. h.rem-defence tactic tended to ach.eve h.gh.r mating success th.n males wh. consistently used th. least costly tactic. Indeed, all h.rem-h.lders successfully sired offspring, wh.reas only two out of th.ee mixed-tactic males sired one calf, and sneaking males did not sire any calves. In conclusion, our results sh.w th.t reindeer males can modulate th.ir mating efforts during th. same breeding season by switch.ng between th. most costly h.rem-defense tactic and th. least costly sneaking tactic, suggesting individual solutions to th. balance between reproductive effort and mating opportunities [Current Zoology 61 （5）： 802-810, 2015].

关键词： Alternative mating tactics Intraspecific variation Ph.notypic flexibility Polygynous ungulate Sexual beh.viour

Egg CD9 protein tides correlated with.sperm oscillations tune th. gamete fusion ability in mammal

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2018年第6期10卷 494-502页

作者： Benjamin Ravaux Soph.e Favier Eric perez and Ch.istine Gourier Laboratoire de Ph.sique Statistique Ecole Normale Superieure/PSL Research UniversityUPMC Univ Paris 06Universite Paris DiderotCNRS75005 ParisFrance

Mammalian fertilization involves membrane events-adh.sion,fusion,sperm engulfment,membrane block to polyspermy-wh.se causes remain largely ***,specific oscillations of th. sperm in contact with.th. egg were sh.wn to be necessary for *** a microfluidic ch.p to impose th. venue for th. encounter of two gametes allowed real-time observation of th. membrane remodelling occurring at th. sperm/egg *** spatiotemporal mapping of egg CD9 revealed th.t th.s protein concentrates at th. egg/sperm interface as a result of sperm oscillations,until a CDg-rich.platform is nucleated on wh.ch.fusion immediately takes *** 2-5 min after fusion,most of th. CD9 leaves th. egg for th. external aqueous *** an egg membrane wave engulfs th. sperm h.ad in^25 *** results sh.w th.t sperm oscillations initiate th. CD9 recruitment th.t causes gamete fusion after wh.ch.CD9 and associated proteins leave th. membrane in a process likely to contribute to block *** h.gh.igh. th.t th. gamete fusion story in mammals is an unexpected interplay between mech.nical constraints and proteins.

关键词： mammalian fertilization membrane dynamics real-time imaging CDg sperm oscillations gamete fusion

Application of artificial intelligence in th. diagnosis and treatment of h.patocellular carcinoma: A review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第37期26卷 5617-5628页

作者： Miguel Jimenez perez Rocio Gonzalez Grande UGC de Aparato Digestivo Unidad de Hepatologia-Trasplante HepaticoHospital Regional Universitario de MalagaMalaga 29010Spain

Alth.ugh.artificial intelligence(AI)was initially developed many years ago,it h.s experienced spectacular advances over th. last 10 years for application in th. field of medicine,and is now used for diagnostic,th.rapeutic and prognostic purposes in almost all *** application in th. area of h.patology is especially relevant for th. study of h.patocellular carcinoma(h.C),as th.s is a very common tumor,with.particular radiological ch.racteristics th.t allow its diagnosis with.ut th. need for a h.stological ***,th. interpretation and analysis of th. resulting images is not always easy,in addition to wh.ch.th. images vary during th. course of th. disease,and prognosis and treatment response can be conditioned by multiple *** vast amount of data available lend th.mselves to study and analysis by AI in its various branch.s,such.as deeplearning(DL)and mach.ne learning(ML),wh.ch.play a fundamental role in decision-making as well as overcoming th. constraints involved in h.man *** is a form of AI based on automated learning from a set of previously provided data and training in algorith.s to organize and recognize *** is a more extensive form of learning th.t attempts to simulate th. working of th. h.man brain,using a lot more data and more complex *** review specifies th. type of AI used by th. various ***,welldesigned prospective studies are needed in order to avoid as far as possible any bias th.t may later affect th. interpretability of th. images and th.reby limit th. acceptance and application of th.se models in clinical *** addition,professionals now need to understand th. true usefulness of th.se tech.iques,as well as th.ir associated strength. and limitations.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Mach.ne learning h.patocellular carcinoma Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis

Petiveria alliacea Suppresses Airway Inflammation and Allergen-Specific Th. Responses in Ovalbumin-Sensitized Murine Model of Asth.a

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Ch.nese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第12期24卷 912-919页

作者： Rosa Marth. perez Gutierrez Jose Maria Mota Flores Natural Products Research.Laboratory Higher School of Chemical Engineering and Extractive IndustriesInstituto Politecnico Nacional (IPN) Professional Unit Adolfo Lopez Mateos Av. Instituto Politécnico NacionalS/N

Objective： To examine th. effect of metanol extract of Petiveria alliacea （PM） on airway inflammation in a murine model of ch.onic asth.a. Meth.ds： Two-month.old male BALB/c mice （n=6-8/group） were sensitized on days 0 and 14 by intraperitoneal injection of 20μg ovalbumin （OVA）. On day 25, th. mice received an airway ch.llenge with.OVA （3%, w/v, in ph.sph.te buffered saline）. PM was administered orally by oral gavage to mice at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weigh. once daily from days 18 to 23. Control mice were orally administered ph.sph.te buffered saline （PBS） to induce a model of asth.a. At th. end of th. test, respiratory reactivity was assayed, th. total cell number, interleukin-4 （IL-4）, IL-5, IL-13, tumor necrosis factor-alph. （TNF-α） and reactive oxygen species （ROS） in th. bronch.alveolar lavage fluid （BALF） were determined and th. levels of serum IgE, intercellular cell adh.sion molecule 1 （ICAM-1） and eotoxin were measured. In addition, lung tissue was used to qualify th. IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, TNF-α and transforming growth.factor beta 1 （TGF-β1）. h.stologic examination was performed to observe inflammatory cellular infiltration. Results： Th. administration of PM in comparison with.th. OVA-only treated group significantly attenuated th. infiltration of eosinoph.s and oth.r inflammatory cells （P〈0.01）. Airway resistance （RI） in th. OVA-only induced group was significantly h.gh.r th.n th.t of th. PBS control group （P〈0.01） wh.n meth.ch.line was added. TNF-α, IgE, TGF-β1 and cytokine levels IL-4, IL-5, IL-β in th. BALF decreased compared to control mice （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）. PM treatment also inh.bited th. production of ch.mokines, eotaxin and ICAM-1 in BALF （P〈0.01）, wh.ch.improved lung function. h.stopath.logical examination revealed th.t th. sensitized treated PM groups h.d significant lower in inflammatory scores similar to dexameth.sone treatments and th. untreated group. Conclusion： Administration of PM could inh.bit airway inflammation, regulate cyt

关键词： Petiveria alliacea allergy antiinflammation asth.a

h.erarch.cal dispatch.of multiple microgrids using nodal price:an approach.from consensus and replicator dynamics

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第6期7卷 1573-1584页

作者： Miguel A.VELASQUEZ Oscar TORRES-perez Nicanor QUIJANO Angela CADENA Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Universidad de los AndesBogotaColombia

A h.erarch.cal approach.for th. energy management of geograph.cally close microgrids connected th.ough.a dedicated AC power network is proposed in th.s *** proposed approach.consists of a two-layer energy management system(EMS)for networked *** th. lower layer,each.micro grid solves its own economic dispatch.problem th.ough.a distributed model predictive control approach.th.t respects capacity limits and ramp-rate constraints of distributed *** th. upper layer,th. energy trading in th. network of microgrids decides h.w to optimally trade th. energy based on th. marginal cost information from th. lower layer in order to improve global optimization objectives,e.g.,social *** order to solve th. trading problem,a consensusbased algorith. and a replicator dynamics algorith. are proposed assuming th.t th. marginal cost function of th. microgrid is known and *** is sh.wn th.t both.algorith.s converge to th. same solution,wh.ch.is equivalent to th. minimization of operation *** consensus-based algorith. is extended in order to tackle more general marginal cost functions and trading network ***,th. effect of ramp constraints and network limits is *** sh.w th. effectiveness of th. proposed algorith.s for th.ee interconnected microgrids with.different ch.racteristics.

关键词： Consensus Economic dispatch h.erarch.cal control Networked microgrids Ramp limits Replicator dynamics