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Long-term effects of gestational diabetes mellitus on the pancreas of female mouse offspring

World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第4期15卷 758-768页

作者： Enriqueta Muñoz-Islas Edgar David Santiago-SanMartin Eduardo Mendoza-Sánchez héctor Fabián Torres-Rodríguez Laura Yanneth Ramírez-Quintanilla Christopher michael Peters Juan Miguel Jiménez-Andrade Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán Universidad Autónoma de TamaulipasReynosa 88740TamaulipasMexico Department of Anesthesiology Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston SalemNC 27101United States

BACKGROUND Prolonged fetal exposure to hyperglycemia may increase the risk of developing abnormal glucose metabolism and type-2 diabetes during childhood,adolescence,and adulthood;however,the mechanisms by which gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)predisposes offspring to metabolic disorders remain *** To quantify the nerve axons,macrophages,and vasculature in the pancreas from adult offspring born from mouse dams with *** GDM was induced by *** of streptozotocin(STZ)in ICR mouse *** 12 wk old,fasting blood glucose levels were determined in *** 15 wk old,female offspring born from dams with and without GDM were sacrificed and pancreata were processed for *** quantified the density of sensory[calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)]and tyrosine hydroxylase(Th)axons,blood vessels(endomucin),and macro-phages(CD68)in the splenic pancreas using confocal *** Offspring mice born from STZ-treated dams had similar body weight and blood glucose values compared to offspring born from vehicle-treated ***,the density of CGRP+and Th+axons,endomucin+blood vessels,and CD68+macrophages in the exocrine pancreas was significantly greater in offspring from mothers with GDM vs control ***,the microvasculature in the islets was significantly greater,but not the number of macrophages within the islets of offspring born from dams with GDM compared to control *** GDM induces neuronal,vascular,and inflammatory changes in the pancreas of adult progeny,which may partially explain the higher propensity for offspring of mothers with GDM to develop metabolic diseases.

关键词： Gestational diabetes mellitus Immunohistochemistry Confocal microscopy Pancreas Offspring

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Alkyl-thiophene-alkyl linkers to construct double-cable conjugated polymers for single-component organic solar cells

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第1期35卷 542-546页

作者： Wenbin Lai Safakath Karuthedath Chengyi Xiao Lei Meng frédéric Laquai Weiwei Li Yongfang Li Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering&State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) KAUST Solar Center(KSC)Physical Sciences and Engineering Division(PSE)Material Science and Engineering Program(MSE)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Materials Research Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China

In this work,semirigid linkers of the alkyl-thiophene-alkyl structure are developed to construct double-cable *** alkyl units,propyl(C3h6),hexyl(C6h12),and dodecyl(C12h24),are applied as semirigid linkers,yielding three double-cable polymers:PBC6-T,PBC12-T,and PBC24-T,***12-T which uses C6h12-thiophene-C6h12 linkers is found to exhibit the best device efficiency of 5.56%,while PBC6-T and PBC24-T with shorter or longer linkers yield device efficiencies of only 2.65%and 1.09%in single-component organic solar cells(SCOSCs).Further studies reveal that PBC12-T exhibits higher crystallinity and improved charge transport,resulting in better *** work provides an approach to construct double-cable conjugated polymers with long alkyl linkers,and it shows the importance of the linker length for the photovoltaic performance of SCOSCs.

关键词： Double-cable conjugated polymer Single-component organic solar cell Crystallinity Semirigid linkers Alkyl-thiophene-alkyl

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Ion-conducting Membranes Based on Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Modified by Poly(sodium acrylate-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid)

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第3期42卷 333-343,I0007页

作者： Elizaveta V.Batishcheva Nikolay N.Smirnov Natalya V.Bobrova Maria P.Sokolova michael A.Smirnov Institute of Macromolecular Compounds Russian Academy of SciencesBolshoy pr.31Saint Petersburg 199004Russia

Green method for preparation of ion-conducting membranes(ICM) based on bacterial cellulose nanofibers(CNF) modified by a copolymer of sodium acrylate and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid was elaborated. FTIR and NMR data confirmed grafting of polyacrylate onto cellulose surface. Formation of porous structure of the ICM was controlled by SEM and AFM. The maximal ionic conductivity of the membranes reaches 1.5 and 3.1 mS·cm^(-1)(60 ℃ and 98% relative humidity) when they are saturated with water or h_2SO_4(1 mol·L^(-1)) electrolyte,respectively. Prepared ICM was tested as a separator in a symmetrical supercapacitor with electrodes based on polyaniline hydrogel. The assembled cell demonstrate ability to operate at high current density up to 100 A·g^(-1) maintaining specific capacitance 165 F·g^(-1). Maximal specific capacitance of 289 F·g^(-1) was achieved at current density 1 A·g^(-1). Retaining of 90% of initial capacitance after 10000 of charge-discharge cycles proves high electrochemical stability of prepared ICM.

关键词： Bacterial cellulose Ion conductivity Porous membrane Supercapacitor

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Function and dysfunction of GEMIN5:understanding a novel neurodevelopmental disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2377-2386页

作者： Charles h.Nelson Udai B.Pandey Department of Pediatrics Division of Child NeurologyChildren’s Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA Children’s Neuroscience Institute Children’s Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA

The recent identification of a neurodevelopmental disorder with cerebellar atrophy and motor dysfunction(NEDCAM)has resulted in an increased interest in GEMIN5,a multifunction RNA-binding *** the largest member of the survival motor neuron complex,GEMIN5 plays a key role in the biogenesis of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins while also exhibiting translational regulatory functions as an independent *** many questions remain regarding both the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of this new disorder,considerable progress has been made in the brief time since its *** this review,we examine GEMIN5 within the context of NEDCAM,focusing on the structure,function,and expression of the protein specifically in regard to the disorder ***,we explore the current animal models of NEDCAM,as well as potential molecular pathways for treatment and future directions of *** review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in our understanding of this unique member of the survival motor neuron complex.

关键词： cerebellar atrophy GEMIN5 neurodevelopmental disorder neurological disease SMN complex

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Spontaneous Recovery in Directed Dynamical Networks

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Engineering 2024年第6期37卷 208-214页

作者： Xueming Liu Xian Yan h.Eugene Stanley School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation&The MOE Engineering Research Center of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems&the Key Laboratory of Image Processing Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Center for Polymer Studies Department of PhysicsBoston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA

Complex networked systems,which range from biological systems in the natural world to infrastructure systems in the human-made world,can exhibit spontaneous recovery after a failure;for example,a brain may spontaneously return to normal after a seizure,and traffic flow can become smooth again after a *** studies on the spontaneous recovery of dynamical networks have been limited to undirected ***,most real-world networks are *** fill this gap,we build a model in which nodes may alternately fail and recover,and we develop a theoretical tool to analyze the recovery properties of directed dynamical *** find that the tool can accurately predict the final fraction of active nodes,and the prediction accuracy decreases as the fraction of bidirectional links in the network increases,which emphasizes the importance of directionality in network *** to different initial states,directed dynamical networks may show alternative stable states under the same control parameter,exhibiting hysteresis *** addition,for networks with finite sizes,the fraction of active nodes may jump back and forth between high and low states,mimicking repetitive failure-recovery *** findings could help clarify the system recovery mechanism and enable better design of networked systems with high resilience.

关键词： Network resilience Directed dynamical networks Spontaneous recovery

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Proton-neutron symplectic model description of ^(106)Cd

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 169-179页

作者： h.G.Ganev Joint Institute for Nuclear Research DubnaRussia Institute of Mechanics Bulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria

In this study,a microscopic shell-model description of the low-lying collective states in the weakly deformed nucleus ^(106)Cd within the recently proposed microscopic version of the Bohr-Mottelson model is provided.A good description of the excitation energies of the lowest ground,γ,andβquasibands is obtained without the adjustable kinetic energy ***,γdegrees of freedom are shown to play a crucial role in the description of spectroscopy of this nucleus.A modified SU(3)SU(3)preserving high-order interaction is used to produce aγ-unstable type of odd-even staggering,observed experimentally between the states of the quasi-γ*** current approach enables the characterization of observed intraband and interband quadrupole *** findings of this study propose an alternative interpretation of the fundamental question regarding the nature of low-energy vibrations,as well as the emergence of deformation and collectivity in weakly deformed atomic nuclei.

关键词： shell-model version of the Bohr-Mottelson model proton-neutron symplectic model Sp(12,R)dynamical algebra quadrupole dynamics

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Deformable microlaser force sensing

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1196-1209页

作者： Eleni Dalaka Joseph Shill Jonathan h.h.Booth Anna Popczyk Stefan R.Pulver Malte C.Gather Marcel Schubert Centre of Biophotonics SUPASchool of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsUK humboldt Centre for Nano-and Biophotonics Department of ChemistryUniversity of CologneKölnGermany School of Psychology and Neuroscience University of St AndrewsSt Mary’s QuadSouth StreetSt AndrewsUK Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia BarcelonaSpain

Mechanical forces are key regulators of cellular behavior and function,affecting many fundamental biological processes such as cell migration,embryogenesis,immunological responses,and pathological *** force sensors and imaging techniques have been developed to quantify these otherwise invisible forces in single cells and in ***,current techniques rely heavily on high-resolution microscopy and do not allow interrogation of optically dense tissue,reducing their application to 2D cell cultures and highly transparent biological ***,we introduce DEFORM,deformable microlaser force sensing,a spectroscopic technique that detects sub-nanonewton forces with unprecedented spatio-temporal *** is based on the spectral analysis of laser emission from dye-doped oil microdroplets and uses the force-induced lifting of laser mode degeneracy in these droplets to detect nanometer *** validation by atomic force microscopy and development of a model that links changes in laser spectrum to applied force,DEFORM is used to measure forces in 3D and at depths of hundreds of microns within tumor spheroids and late-stage Drosophila *** furthermore show continuous force sensing with single-cell spatial and millisecond temporal resolution,thus paving the way for non-invasive studies of biomechanical forces in advanced stages of embryogenesis,tissue remodeling,and tumor invasion.

关键词： invasion otherwise hundreds

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Synergistic effect of adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of oilfield-produced water by electrospun photocatalytic fibers of Polystyrene/Nanorod-Graphitic carbon nitride

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 287-303页

作者： Parisa Azmoon Mehrdad Farhadian Alireza Pendashteh Amir h.Navarchian Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of IsfahanIsfahanIran Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of GuilanRashtIran Department of Water and Environmental Engineering Caspian Sea Basin Research CenterUniversity of GuilanRashtIran

Graphitic carbon nitride with nanorod structure(Nr-GCN)was synthesized using melamine as a precursor without any other reagents by hydrothermal pretreatment ***,FTIR,SEM,N_(2)adsorption-desorption from BET,UV-Vis DRS spectroscopy,and photoluminescence were used to characterize the prepared ***,the photoelectrochemical behavior of nanoparticles was studied by photocurrent transient response and cyclic voltammetry ***(PS)fibrous mat was fabricated by electrospinning technique and used as a support for the stabilization of the *** performance of the synthesized nanoparticles and photocatalytic fibers(PS/Nr-GCN)was evaluated in oilfield-produced water treatment under visible light *** this process,oil contaminants were adsorbed by hydrophobic polystyrene fibers and simultaneously degraded by *** removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand(COD)has been obtained 96.6%and 98.4%by Nr-GCN and PS/Nr-GCN,respectively,at the optimum conditions of ph4,photocatalyst dosage 0.5 g/L,COD initial concentration 550 mg/L,and illumination time 150 *** gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis results showed 99.3%removal of total petroleum hydrocarbons using photocatalytic fibers of PS/*** results demonstrated that the GCN has outstanding features like controllable morphology,visible-light-driven,and showing high potential in oily wastewater ***,the synergistic effect of adsorption and photocatalytic degradation is an effective technique in oilfield-produced water treatment.

关键词： Graphitic carbon nitride(GCN) Nanorod structure Polystyrene fibrous mat Photocatalytic fibers Oilfield-produced water(OPW)

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A hybrid Signal Processing Method Combining Mathematical Morphology and Walsh Theory for Power Quality Disturbance Detection and Classification

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 584-592页

作者： Zhi Ding Tianyao Ji Mengshi Li Q.h.Wu School of Electric Power Engineering South China University of Technology(SCUT)Guangzhou 510641China

In this paper, a novel signal processing method combining mathematical morphology (MM) and Walsh theory is proposed, which uses Walsh functions to control the structuring element (SE) and MM operators. Based on the Walsh-MM method, a scheme for power quality disturbances detection and classification is developed, which involves three steps: denoising, feature extraction and morphological clustering. First, various evolution rules of Walsh function are used to generate groups of SEs for the multiscale Walsh-ordered morphological operation, so the original signal can be denoised. Next, the fundamental wave of the denoised signal is suppressed by hadamard matrix;thus, disturbances can be extracted. Finally, the Walsh power spectrum of the waveform extracted in the previous step is calculated, and the parameters of which are taken by morphological clustering to classify the disturbances. Simulation results reveal the proposed scheme can effectively detect and classify disturbances, and the Walsh-MM method is less affected by noise and only involves simple calculation, which has a potential to be implemented in hardware and more suitable for real-time application.

关键词： hadamard matrix mathematical morphology morphological clustering power quality disturbance Walsh theory

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Investigation of crack segmentation and fast evaluation of crack propagation, based on deep learning

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frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 516-535页

作者： Than V.TRAN h.NGUYEN-XUAN Xiaoying ZhUANG Institute of Photonics Leibniz University HannoverHannover 30167Germany CIRTech Institute HUTECH UniversityHo Chi Minh City 700000Vietnam College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Identifying crack and predicting crack propagation are critical processes for the risk assessment of engineering *** traditional approaches to crack modeling are faced with issues of high computational costs and excessive computing *** address this issue,we explore the potential of deep learning(DL)to increase the efficiency of crack detection and forecasting crack ***,there is no single algorithm that can fit all data sets well or can apply in all cases since specific tasks *** the paper,we present DL models for identifying cracks,especially on concrete surface images,and for predicting crack ***,SegNet and U-Net networks are used to identify concrete *** gradient descent(SGD)and adaptive moment estimation(Adam)algorithms are applied to minimize loss function during ***,time series algorithms including gated recurrent unit(GRU)and long short-term memory(LSTM)are used to predict crack *** experimental findings indicate that the U-Net is more robust and efficient than the SegNet for identifying crack segmentation and achieves the most outstanding *** evaluation of crack propagation,GRU and LSTM are used as DL models and results show good agreement with the experimental data.

关键词： deep learning crack segmentation crack propagation encoder−decoder recurrent neural network

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