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Divergence and correlated evolution of male wing spot and courtship display between Drosophila nepalensis and ***

Insect Science 2022年第5期29卷 1445-1460页

作者： Wen-Zhou Mo Zhuo-Miao Li Xiang-Mei Deng Ai-Li Chen michael g.ritchie De-Jun Yang Zhuo-Bin He Masanori J.Toda Shuo-Yang Wen Department of Entomology College of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina School of Biology University of St AndrewsSt AndrewsUK Acoustics Laboratory Guangdong Institute of MetrologySouth China National Centre of MetrologyGuangzhouChina The Hokkaido University Museum SapporoJapan

Male-specific wing spots are usually associated with wing displays in the courtship behavior of Drosophila and may play important roles in sexual *** closely related species,*** and ***,differ in wing spots and scissoring ***,we compare male morphological characters,pigmentation intensity of male wing spots,wing-scissoring behavior,courtship songs,and reproductive isolation between 2 species.F1 fertile females and sterile males result from the cross between females of *** and males of *** pigmentation of wing spots is significantly weaker in *** than in *** and the F1 *** scissor both wings in front of the female during courtship,with a posture spreading wings more widely,and at a faster frequency in *** than in *** and the *** of *** vibrate wings to produce 2 types(A and B)of pulse songs,whereas *** and the F1s sing only type B *** incidence of wing vibration and scissoring during courtship suggests that wing vibration is essential but scissoring is a facultative courtship element for successful mating in both *** association between the darker wing spots with more elaborate scissoring might be the consequence of correlated evolution of these traits in ***;however,*** retains wing scissoring during courtship despite having weaker pigmentation of wing *** genetic architecture of 2 traits differs in the F1s,consistent with maternal or sex-linked effects for spots but nonadditive effects for scissoring.

关键词： correlated evolution courtship song Drosophila nepalensis Drosophila trilutea wing display wing spot

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How might epigenetics contribute to ecological speciation？

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Current Zoology 2013年第5期59卷 686-696页

作者： gilbert SMITH michael g. ritchie Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Irvine California USA School of Biology University of St Andrews St Andews Fife KY16 9TH Scotland UK

Speciation research has seen a renewed interest in ecological speciation, which emphasises divergent ecological selection leading to the evolution of reproductive isolation. Selection from divergent ecologies means that phenotypic plasticity can play an important role in ecological speciation. Phenotypic plasticity involves the induction of phenotypes over the lifetime of an organism and emerging evidence suggests that epigenetic marks such as cytosine and protein (histone) modifications might regulate such environmental induction. Epigenetic marks play a wide role in a variety of processes including development, sex differentiation and allocation, sexual conflict, regulation of transposable elements and phenotypic plasticity. Here we describe recent studies that investigate epigenetic mechanisms in a variety of contexts. There is mounting evidence for environmentally induced epigenetic variation and for the stable inheritance of epigenetic marks between generations. Thus, epigenetically-based phenotypic plasticity may play a role in adaptation and ecological speciation. However, there is less evidence for the inheritance of induced epigenetic variation across multiple generations in animals. Currently few studies of ecological speciation incorporate the potential for the involvement of epigenetically-based induction of phenotypes, and we argue that this is an important omission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

关键词：生态形态表观遗传表型可塑性学会遗传标记环境感应生殖隔离生命周期

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Trends in carbon capture technologies:a bibliometric analysis

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碳中和(英文) 2022年第1期1卷 35-70页

作者： Sean ritchie Elena Tsalaporta School of Engineering University College Cork(UCC)College RoadCorkIreland

Climate change is an ever-present issue,which has a vast variety of potential solutions,one of which being carbon *** paper aims to use bibliometric analysis techniques to find trends in carbon capture within the technologies of adsorption,absorption,membranes,and hybrid *** Web of Science core collection database performed bibliometric searches,with the‘Bibliometrix’plug-in for R software,performing the bibliometric *** data spanned across 1997–2020 and the investigation found that adsorption technologies dominated this period in terms of citations and articles,with hybrid technologies being the least produced but rising in scientific productivity and *** Analysis found China and the United States of America to be the dominant producers of articles,with global collaboration being central to carbon ***‘International Journal of greenhouse gas Control’ranked as the top producer of articles however,the‘ACS Applied Materials&Interfaces’was the leading journal in terms of H-index.

关键词： Carbon capture Bibliometric analysis Absorption Adsorption Membranes Hybrid carbon capture

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《笑话的语言学分析》述评

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当代语言学 2006年第3期8卷 278-283页

作者： g.ritchie 刘承宇（述评）李迎迎（述评）不详西南大学外国语学院重庆市北碚区400715

《笑话的语言学分析》一书原名The Linguistic Analysis of Jokes，2004年由Routledge公司出版，是Routledge Studies in Linguistics丛书的第二本。作者graemeritchie是英国爱丁堡大学信息学院高级讲师，主要研究人工智能和计算语言学... 详细信息

《笑话的语言学分析》一书原名The Linguistic Analysis of Jokes，2004年由Routledge公司出版，是Routledge Studies in Linguistics丛书的第二本。作者graemeritchie是英国爱丁堡大学信息学院高级讲师，主要研究人工智能和计算语言学，近年来在言语幽默的计算机模拟方面作了许多开拓性的研究。

关键词：语言学分析笑话述评爱丁堡大学计算语言学计算机模拟 ge公司信息学院

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The functional significance of dentin sialoprotein-phosphophoryn and dentin sialoprotein

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International Journal of Oral Science 2018年第4期10卷 197-202页

作者： Helena ritchie Department of Cariology Restorative Sciences and EndodonticsUniversity of Michigan School of Dentistry

Phosphophoryn (PP) and dentin sialoprotein (DSP) are the most dominant non-collagenous proteins in dentin. PP is an extremely acidic protein that can function as a mineral nucleator for dentin mineralization. DSP was first identified in 1981, yet its functional significance is still controversial. Historically, these two proteins were considered to be independently synthesized and secreted by dental pulp cells into the developing dentin matrix. However, with the identification of the DSP coding sequence in 1994, followed2 years later by the finding that the PP coding sequence was located immediately downstream from the DSP sequence, it became immediately clear that DSP and PP proteins were derived from a single DSP-PP (i.e., dentin sialophosphoprotein, DSPP) *** DSPP cDNA became available, tremendous progress has been made in studying DSP-PP mRNA distribution and DSP generation from the DSP-PP precursor protein at specific cleavage sites by protease tolloid-related-1 (TLR1) or bone morphogenetic protein 1 (BMP1). The functions of DSP-PP and DSP were investigated via DSP-PP knockout (KO) and DSP knockin in DSP-PP KO mice. In addition, a number of in vitro studies aimed to elucidate DSPP and DSP function in dental pulp cells.

关键词： DSP The functional significance of dentin sialoprotein-phosphophoryn and dentin sialoprotein

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Spatial coherence of electrically pumped random terahertz lasers

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Photonics Research 2022年第2期10卷 524-534页

作者： Eva A.A.Pogna Alessandra Di gaspare Kimberly Reichel Chiara Liberatore Harvey E.Beere David A.ritchie Miriam S.Vitiello NEST CNR-Istituto Nanoscienze-Scuola Normale Superiore56127 PisaItaly Cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeCambridge CB3 OHEUK

Light sources with high radiance and tailored coherence properties are highly desirable for imaging applications in the mid-infrared and terahertz(THz) spectral regions, which host a large variety of molecular absorptions and distinctive fingerprints to be exploited for sensing and tomography. Here, we characterize the spatial coherence of random multimode THz quantum cascade lasers(QCLs) emitting > m W optical power per mode and showing low divergence(10°–30°), performing a modified Young’s double-slit experiment. Partial spatial coherence values ranging between 0.16 and 0.34 are retrieved, depending on the specific degree of disorder. These values are significantly lower than those(0.82) of conventional Fabry–Perot THz QCLs exploiting an identical active region quantum design. We then incorporate the devised low spatial coherence random lasers into a confocal imaging system with micrometer spatial resolution and demonstrate notable imaging performances, at THz frequencies,against spatial cross talk and speckles.

关键词： pumped random quantum

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研究堆场区的乏燃料管理日益增大的规模

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国际原子能机构通报 1998年第1期40卷 28-31页

作者： IAIN g.ritchie 核燃料循环和废物技术处核燃料循环和核材料科

世界上运行中的和已关闭的核研究堆共有550多座。许多研究堆都贮存有运行所产生的乏燃料,等待最终处置的决定。近几年来。

关键词：研究堆乏燃料贮存中间贮存数据库最终处置核燃料乏燃料组件试验堆设施俄罗斯联邦

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Bioinspired fish-scale-like magnesium composites strengthened by contextures of continuous titanium fibers:Lessons from nature

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第3期11卷 869-881页

作者： Yanyan Liu Qin Yu guoqi Tan Mingyang Zhang Enling Tang Shaogang Wang Zengqian Liu Qiang Wang Zhefeng Zhang Robert O.ritchie Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Key Laboratory of Transient Physical Mechanics and Energy Conversion Materials of Liaoning Province Shenyang Ligong UniversityShenyang 110159China Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases School and Hospital of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110001China

Natural fish scales demonstrate outstanding mechanical efficiency owing to their elaborate architectures and thereby may serve as ideal prototypes for the architectural design of man-made *** bioinspired magnesium composites with fish-scale-like orthogonal plywood and double-Bouligand architectures were developed by pressureless infiltration of a magnesium melt into the woven contextures of continuous titanium *** composites exhibit enhanced strength and work-hardening ability compared to those estimated from a simple mixture of their constituents at ambient to elevated *** particular,the double-Bouligand architecture can effectively deflect cracking paths,alleviate strain localization,and adaptively reorient titanium fibers within the magnesium matrix during the deformation of the composite,representing a successful implementation of the property-optimizing mechanisms in fish *** strength of the composites,specifically the effect of their bioinspired architectures,was interpreted based on the adaptation of classical laminate *** study may offer a feasible approach for developing new bioinspired metal-matrix composites with improved performance and provide theoretical guidance for their architectural designs.

关键词： Magnesium composites Bioinspired materials Fish scales Bouligand-type architecture Structural reorientation

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All dielectric metasurfaces for spin-dependent terahertz wavefront control

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Photonics Research 2022年第7期10卷 1695-1702页

作者： TONg WU HUIFANg ZHANg SIVALOgANATHAN KUMARAN YUEHONg XU QINgWEI WANg WLADISLAW MICHAILOW XUEQIAN ZHANg HARVEY E.BEERE DAVID A.ritchie JIAgUANg HAN Center for Terahertz Waves and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering Tianjin Universityand Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and TechnologyMinistry of Education of ChinaTianjin 300072China Cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeCambridge CB30HEUK guangxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing School of Optoelectronic EngineeringGuilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin 541004China

Metasurfaces consisting of artificial subwavelength structure arrays have shown unprecedented ability to manipulate the phase,amplitude,and polarization of *** and complete control over different spin states,namely the orthogonal circular polarizations,has proven more challenging as compared to the control over orthogonal linear ***,we present and experimentally demonstrate several spin-dependent wavefront control metasurfaces in the terahertz regime using all-silicon dielectric *** spin-dependent allsilicon metasurfaces are easy to fabricate and have potential applications in spin-involved ultracompact and miniaturized terahertz optical systems as well as terahertz communication systems.

关键词： polarization dielectric surfaces

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Manipulating internal flow units toward favorable plasticity in Zr-based bulk-metallic glasses by hydrogenation

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第7期102卷 36-45页

作者： Fuyu Dong Yuexin Chu Mengyuan He Yue Zhang Weidong Li Peter K.Liaw Binbin Wang Liangshun Luo Yanqing Su Robert O.ritchie Xiaoguang Yuan School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyangChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyangChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA

This work intends to manipulate the internal flow units in Zr_(55)Cu_(30)Ni_(5)Al_(10)bulk-metallic glasses(BMgs)through plasma-assisted hydrogenation to generate a positive microalloying effect on *** on the cooperative shear model theory,serration-flow statistics during nanoindentation loading and creep tests during the holding stage were used to analyze the influence of hydrogen on the behavior of flow units in *** observations showed that the hydrogen in the Zr_(55)Cu_(30)Ni_(5)Al_(10)BMgs caused mechanical softening,plasticity improvement,and structural *** also showed that the average volume,size,and activation energy of internal flow units in the BMgs all increased as a result of the increase in the hydrogen *** hydrogenation in the BMgs was found to lead to a prolifera-tion of shear bands,which promoted *** aggregation of these internal flow units reduced the stress required for plastic deformation through shear bands,ultimately causing softening and structural relaxation.

关键词： Bulk-metallic glass Plasma-assisted hydrogenation Nanoindentation Internal flow unit Serrations Nano-scale creep

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