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mRNA vaccines:a new era in vaccine development

Oncology Research 2024年第10期32卷 1543-1564页

作者： SHUBHRA CHANDRA JENNIFER C.wilson david GOOD MING Q.WEI School of Pharmacy&Medical Sciences Gold Coast campusGriffith UniversityBrisbaneQLD-4222Australia Menzies Health Institute Queensland(MHIQ) Gold Coast CampusGriffith UniversityBrisbaneQLD-4215Australia School of Allied Health Australian Catholic UniversityBrisbaneQLD-4014Australia

The advent of RNA therapy,particularly through the development of mRNA cancer vaccines,has ushered in a new era in the field of *** article provides a concise overview of the key principles,recent advancements,and potential implications of mRNA cancer vaccines as a groundbreaking modality in cancer *** cancer vaccines represent a revolutionary approach to combatting cancer by leveraging the body’s innate immune *** vaccines are designed to deliver specific mRNA sequences encoding cancer-associated antigens,prompting the immune system to recognize and mount a targeted response against malignant *** personalized and adaptive nature of mRNA vaccines holds immense potential for addressing the heterogeneity of cancer and tailoring treatments to individual *** breakthroughs in the development of mRNA vaccines,exemplified by the success of COVID-19 vaccines,have accelerated their application in *** mRNA platform’s versatility allows for the rapid adaptation of vaccine candidates to various cancer types,presenting an agile and promising avenue for therapeutic *** trials of mRNA cancer vaccines have demonstrated encouraging results in terms of safety,immunogenicity,and *** candidates,such as BioNTech’s BNT111 and Moderna’s mRNA-4157,have exhibited promising outcomes in targeting melanoma and solid tumors,*** successes underscore the potential of mRNA vaccines to elicit robust and durable anti-cancer immune *** the field holds great promise,challenges such as manufacturing complexities and cost considerations need to be addressed for widespread *** development of scalable and cost-effective manufacturing processes,along with ongoing clinical research,will be pivotal in realizing the full potential of mRNA cancer ***,mRNA cancer vaccines represent a cutting-edge therapeutic approach that holds the promise of transforming cancer treatment.

关键词： Cancer immunotherapy Immune checkpoint Preventive&therapeutic vaccine Delivery system mRNA

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First molecular identification of multiple tick‑borne pathogens in livestock within Kassena‑Nankana,Ghana

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Animal Diseases 2023年第1期3卷 21-34页

作者： Seth Offei Addo Ronald Essah Bentil Kevin Nii Yartey Jane Ansah‑Owusu Eric Behene Selassie Bruku Victor Asoala Suzanne Mate John Asiedu Larbi Philip Kweku Baidoo michael david wilson Joseph W.Diclaro II Samuel K.Dadzie Parasitology Department Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical ResearchCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaAccraGhana Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology College of ScienceKNUSTKumasiGhana Department of Epidemiology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical ResearchCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaAccraGhana Navrongo Health Research Centre Upper East RegionNavrongoGhana U.S.Army Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch Walter Reed Army Institute of ResearchSilver SpringMDUSA Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center Center for Disease Control and Prevention DetachmentAtlantaGAUSA

The risk of pathogen transmission continues to increase significantly in the presence of tick vectors due to the trade of livestock across *** Ghana,there is a lack of data on the incidence of tick-borne pathogens that are of zoonotic and veterinary *** study,therefore,aimed to determine the prevalence of such pathogens in livestock using molecular approaches.A total of 276 dry blood spots were collected from cattle(100),sheep(95)and goats(81)in the Kassena-Nankana *** samples were analyzed using Polymerase Chain Reaction(qPCR)and conventional assays and Sanger sequencing that targeted pathogens including Rickettsia,Coxiella,Babesia,Theileria,Ehrlichia and *** overall prevalence of 36.96%was recorded from the livestock DBS,with mixed infections seen in 7.97%***,the prevalence of infections in livestock was recorded to be 19.21%in sheep,14.13%in cattle,and 3.62%in *** pathogens identified were Rickettsia spp.(3.26%),Babesia ***(8.70%),Theileria orientalis(2.17%),Theileria parva(0.36%),Anaplasma capra(18.48%),Anaplasma phagocytophilum(1.81%),Anaplasma marginale(3.26%)and Anaplasma ovis(7.25%).This study reports the first molecular identification of the above-mentioned pathogens in livestock in Ghana and highlights the use of dry blood spots in resource-limited *** addition,this research provides an update on tick-borne pathogens in Ghana,suggesting risks to livestock production and human *** studies will be essential to establish the distribution and epidemiology of these pathogens in Ghana.

关键词： Livestock Rickettsia Babesia Theileria Ehrlichia Anaplasma

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Potential factors influencing lymphatic filariasis transmission in"hotspot"and"control"areas in Ghana:the importance of vectors

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第1期8卷 45-55页

作者： Sellase Pi-Bansa Joseph Harold Nyarko Osei Kwadwo Kyeremeh Frempong Elizabeth Elhassan Osei Kweku Akuoko david Agyemang Collins Ahorlu Maxwell Alexander Appawu Benjamin Guibehi Koudou michael david wilson Dziedzom Komi de Souza Samuel Kweku Dadzie Jurg Utzinger Daniel Adjei Boakye Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute BaselSwitzerland University of Basel BaselSwitzerland Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research College of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaLegonGhana Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science University of GhanaLegonGhana SightSavers International Ghana OfficeAccraGhana African Regional Postgraduate Programme in Insect Science University of GhanaLegonGhana Vector Biology Department Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpoolUK Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Cote d'Ivoire AbidjanCote d'Ivoire

Background:Mass drug administration(MDA)programmes for the control of lymphatic filariasis in Ghana,have been ongoing in some endemic districts for 16 *** current study aimed to assess factors that govern the success of MDA programmes for breaking transmission of lymphatic filariasis in ***:The study was undertaken in two"hotspot"districts(Ahanta West and Kassena Nankana West)and two control districts(Mpohor and Bongo)in *** were collected and identified using morphological and molecular tools.A proportion of the cibarial armatures of each species was *** were performed onAnopheles gambiae for filarial worm detection.A questionnaire was administered to obtain information on MDA compliance and vector control *** were compared between districts to determine factors that might explain persistent transmission of lymphatic ***:High numbers of mosquitoes were sampled in Ahanta West district compared to Mpohor district(F=16.09,P=0.002).There was no significant difference between the numbers of mosquitoes collected in Kassena Nankana West and Bongo districts(F=2.16,P=0.185).Mansonia species were predominant in Ahanta West *** mosquitoes were prevalent in all *** with infected and infective filarial worms was found only in Ahanta West *** differences were found in cibarial teeth numbers and shape for mosquito species in the surveyed *** MDA coverage was high in all *** average use of bednet and indoor residual spraying was 82.4 and 66.2%,*** was high compliance in the five preceding MDA rounds in Ahanta West and Kassena Nankana West districts,both considered hotspots of lymphatic filariasis ***:The study on persistent transmission of lymphatic filariasis in the two areas in Ghana present information that shows the importance of local understanding of factors affecting control and elimination of lymphatic

关键词： Ghana Hotspots Lymphatic filariasis Mass drug administration Microfilariae Systematic non-compliance Vector control

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Bmi-1, stem cells and prostate carcinogenesis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第3期13卷 353-354页

作者： david Moscatelli E Lynette wilson Department of Cell Biology NewYork University School of Medicine New York NY 10016 USA NYU Cancer Institute New York University School of Medicine New York NY 10016 USA Department of Urology New York University School of Medicine New York NY 10016. USA

Malignant transformation is likely to arise in a subset of organ-specific primitive cells that are subverted to acquire the properties of uncontrolled self-renewal. It is therefore likely that stem cells and tumorinitiating cells share many properties and that an understanding of the biology of normal stem cells and the identification of the pathways and molecules that regulate their self-renewal may result in our ability to design inhibitors that control the growth of tumor cells.

关键词： Cells Lymphocytes Regulations Stems Property Properties

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1D and 2D ~1H NMR studies on bisantrene complexes with short DNA oligomers

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Science China Chemistry 1995年第12期38卷 1462-1472页

作者：姚世杰 wilson.W.david Department of Chemistry and Laboratory for Chemical and Biological Sciences Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGA30303USA

The binding of bisantrene to four DNA tetramers,d(CGCG)_2,d(GCGC)_2,d(CATG)_2, and d(GTAC)_2,was investigated by 1D and 2D NMR *** is.a well known anticancer drug and has been used clinically for *** is believed to be one of its cellular ***- suits from both ID and 2D 1H NMR are in agreement with an intercalation binding mode of bisantrene with the four DNA tetramers in this *** results further indicate that a threading intercalation birding mode,in which one bisantrene side chain is in the minor groove and the other in the major groove of DNA, is *** NMR results also suggest that bisantrene prefers binding at pyrimidine-(3',5')-purine intercalation sequences rather than at purine-(3',5')-pyrimidine *** intramolecular and intermolecular NOE contacts of bisantrene-DNA tetramer complexes indicate that a C2'-endo uniform sugar pucker,rather than a mixed sugar conformation,is preferred by the intercalation site of both the 5'-(TA)-3' and the 5'-(CG)-3' binding steps.

关键词： NOESY DNA bisantrene intercalation threading intercalation uniform intercalation geometry.

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Gas flow in rotary kilns

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Particuology 2010年第6期8卷 613-616页

作者： Patrick R.Davies michael J.S.Norton D.Ian wilson John F.davidson david M.Scott Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgePembroke StreetCambridgeCB2 3RAUK

This paper describes an experimental investigation on the flow characteristics within a rotating cylinder containing a rolling bed of sand. The axis of the cylinder was horizontal and there was no axial bulk flow of particles. The velocity field of the gas flowing through the cylinder was measured by hot-wire anemometry. The measurements indicate that the velocity field is asymmetric with respect to a diameter perpendicular to the granular bed. CFD calculations confirm this finding. The gas velocity profiles are crucial in determining heat transfer from gas to solid.

关键词： Rotating cylinderVelocity profile

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Exploring behavioral traits over different contexts in four species of Australian funnel-web spiders

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Current Zoology 2023年第6期69卷 766-774页

作者： Linda Hernandez Duran david Thomas wilson Tasmin Lee Rymer College of Science and Engineering James Cook UniversityP.O.Box 6811CairnsQLD 4870Australia Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Sciences James Cook UniversityCairnsQLD 4870Australia Centre for Molecular Therapeutics Austr alian Institute for Tropical Health and MedicineJames Cook UniversityCairnsQLD 4878Australia

Australian funnel-web spiders are arguably the most venomous spiders in the world,with much research focusing on this aspect of their ***,other aspects related to their life history,ecology and behaviour have been *** the first time,we assessed *** risk-taking behaviour,aggressiveness and activity in the contexts of predation,conspecific tolerance and exploration of a new territory in four species of Australian funnel-web spiders:two are closely related,Hadronyche valida and ***,and two have overlapping distributions but occupy different habitats,*** and Atrax *** also compared behaviors between *** the species level,we found that *** showed consistency in risk-taking behavior when exposed to a predator stimulus,aggressiveness against conspecifics,and exploration of a new *** contrast,in the other species,only *** showed repeatability in the context of exploration of a new *** results suggest that some behavioral traits are likely more flexible than others,and that the repeatability of behaviors may be species-specific in *** we compared species,we found differences in risk-taking behavior and *** study provides novel insights to understanding variation in behavioral traits within and between species of funnel-web spiders,suggesting that some behavioral traits are likely context and/or species dependent,as a result of their evolutionary *** findings provide key insights for understanding the ecological role of behavior and venom deployment in venomous animals,and a greater understanding of behavior in these medically significant and iconic spiders thatareof conservation concern.

关键词： arachnids behavior ecological contexts flexibility mygalomorphae repeatability

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Handbook of Biomedical Image Analysis 2005

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丛书名： Topics in Biomedical Engineering. International Book Series

2005年

作者： david wilson Swamy Laxminarayan

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Ribozymes and the mechanisms that underlie RNA catalysis

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016年第2期10卷 178-185页

作者： Timothy J. wilson Yijin Liu david M. J. Lilley Cancer Research UK Nucleic Acid Structure Research Group MSI/WTB Complex The University of Dundee Dundee DD1 5EH UK

Ribozymes are widespread, and catalyze some extremely important reactions in the cell. Mechanistically most fall into one of two classes, using either metal ions or general acid-base catalysis. The nucleolytic ribozymes fall into the latter class, mostly using nucleobases. A sub-set of these use a combination of guanine base plus adenine acid to catalyze the cleavage reaction. New ribozymes are still being discovered at regular intervals and we can speculate on the potential existence of ribozymes that catalyze chemistry beyond phosphoryl transfer reactions, perhaps using small-molecule coenzymes.

关键词： RNA catalysis RNA structure catalytic mechanism

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Plasticity in the antipredator behavior of the orange-footed sea cucumber under shifting hydrodynamic forces

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Current Zoology 2019年第6期65卷 685-695页

作者： Nicholas A.W.BROWN david R.wilson Patrick GAGNON Department of Ocean Sciences Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John'sNewfoundlandA1C 5S7Canada Department of Psychology Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John'sNewfoundlandA1B 3X9Canada

Marine invertebrates that move too slowly to evade unfavorable environmental change may instead exhibit phenotypic plasticity,allowing them to adjust to varying *** orange-footed sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa is a slow-moving suspension feeder that is preyed on by the purple sunstar Solaster *** sea cucumber's antipredator behavior involves changing shape and detaching from the substratum,which might increase its probability of being displaced by water motion into an unsuitable *** hypothesized that sea cucumbers'antipredator responses would be diminished under stronger hydrodynamic forces,and that behavioral strategies would be flexible so that individuals could adjust to frequent changes in water *** a natural orange-footed sea cucumber habitat,individuals lived along a pronounced hydrodynamic gradient,allowing us to measure antipredator behavior under different water flow *** placed purple sunstars in physical contact with sea cucumbers living at various points along the gradient to elicit antipredator *** then repeated this procedure in a laboratory mesocosm that generated weak and strong hydrodynamic forces similar to those observed at the field *** in the mesocosm experiment were tested in both wave conditions to determine if their antipredator behavior would change in response to sudden environmental change,as would be experienced under deteriorating sea *** responses did not covary with hydrodynamic forces in the ***,antipredator responses in the mesocosm experiment increased when individuals were transplanted from strong to weak forces and decreased when transplanted from weak to strong ***,our results indicate environmentally induced plasticity in the antipredator behavior of the orange-footed sea cucumber.

关键词： behavioral plasticity benthic invertebrate predator-prey interaction reciprocal transplant experiment Solaster endeca.wave environment

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