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Genomic. and introgression： Disc.very and mapping of thousands of spec.es-diagnostic.SNPs using RAD sequenc.ng

c.rrent Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 146-154页

作者： Brian K. HAND Tyler D. HETHER Ryan P. KOVAc. c.int c. MUHLFELD Stephen J. AMISH Matthew c. BOYER Sean M. O'ROURKE michael R. MILLER Winsor H. LOWE Paul A. HOHENLOHE Gordon LUIKART Flathead Lake Biologic.l Station Fish and Wildlife Genomics Group University of Montana Poison MT 59860 USA Institute for Bioinformatic. and Evolutionary Studies Department of Biological Sciences University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844 USA U. S. Geologic.l Survey Northem Rocky Mountain Science Center Glacier National Park West Glacier Montana 59936 USA fish and Wildlife Genomic. Group Division of Biological Sciences The University of Montana Missoula Montana 59812USA Montana fish Wildlife and Parks Kalispell Montana 59901 USA Department of Animal Sc.enc. University of California Davis One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA University of Montana Division of Biological Sciences Missoula Montana 59812 USA

Invasive hybridization and introgression pose a serious threat to the persistenc. of many native spec.es. Understand- ing the effec.s of hybridization on native populations （e.g., fitness c.nsequenc.s） requires numerous spec.es-diagnostic.loc. dis- tributed genome-wide. Here we used RAD sequenc.ng to disc.ver thousands of single-nuc.eotide polymorphisms （SNPs） that are diagnostic.between rainbow trout （RBT, Onc.rhync.us mykiss）, the world＇s most widely introduc.d fish, and native westslope c.tthroat trout （Wc., （9. c.arkii lewisi） in the northern Roc.y Mountains, USA. We advanc.d previous work that identified 4,914 spec.es-diagnostic.loc. by using longer sequenc. reads （100 bp vs. 60 bp） and a larger set of individuals （n = 84）. We sequenc.d RAD libraries for individuals from diverse sampling sourc.s, inc.uding native populations of Wc. and hatc.ery broodstoc.s of Wc. and RBT. We also took advantage of a newly released referenc. genome assembly for RBT to align our RAD loc.. In total, we disc.vered 16,788 putatively diagnostic.SNPs, 10,267 of whic. we mapped to anc.ored c.romosome loc.tions on the RBT genome. A small portion of previously disc.vered putative diagnostic.loc. （325 of 4,914） were no longer diagnostic.（i.e., fixed between spec.es） based on our wider survey of non-hybridized RBT and Wc. individuals. Our study suggests that RAD loc. mapped to a draft genome assembly c.uld provide the marker density required to identify genes and c.romosomal regions in- fluenc.ng selec.ion in admixed populations of c.nservation c.nc.rn and evolutionary interest [c.rrent Zoology 61 （1）： 146-154, 2015].

关键词： c.nservation genetic. Hybridization Invasive spec.es Next generation sequenc.ng Salmonid fish SNP disc.very

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NUc.EAR TRANSPLANTATION FOR SEVERAL GENERATIONS BETWEEN DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF GOLDfish, c.RASSIUS AURATUS

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c.inese Journal of Oc.anology and Limnology 1983年第3期1卷 342-351页

作者： Wu Shangqin (S. c. Wu), c.i Naner and Xu Quanhan (Institute of Oc.anology, Ac.demia Sinic., Qingdao) Institute of Oc.anology Academia Sinica Qingdao

Three varieties of goldfish, the Red-dragon, the Red-c.rassius and the Eggfish, were used to demonstrate the influenc. of nuc.eus and c.toplasm on the phenotypic.expression and their mutual interac.ion after nuc.ear transplantation. fishes from these c.mbinations c.uld not only develop normally but also reac. sexual *** c.arac.eristic. of fishes after first transplantation （N1） were fundamentally of the nuc.ear donor variety e. g. the c.mbination of nuc.eus of Red-dragon with c.toplasm of Redc.rassius was very muc. similar to Red-dragon. The male fish of N1 mated with female Red-dragon gave offsprings with c.arac.ers fundamentally like the Reddragon *** these blastulae were used as nuc.ear donor and transplanted their nuc.ei into Red-c.rassius c.toplasm again, we got the N2. There were more single tailed fishes in this c.tegory with the c.arac.er of the Red-earassius. When the male fish of N2 mated with the Reddragon, more single tailed and atypic.l single tailed fishes appeared in their offsprings. This indic.ted that the c.anged c.arac.eristic. in N2 was *** proc.eded in this manner again and again, more and more single tailed and atypic.l single tailed fishes appeared in N3 and N4 and their offsprings when mated with Red-dragon. The effec. of c.toplasm c.anged not only the phenotypic.c.arac.ers of the c.mbination, but also the genetic.information to next generation. Those influenc. was additive too.

关键词： c.RASSIUS AURATUS NUc.EAR TRANSPLANTATION FOR SEVERAL GENERATIONS BETWEEN DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF GOLDfish

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Antibiotic. Resistanc. Pattern and Plasmid Profiling of <i>Edwardsiella tarda</i>Isolated from <i>Heterobranc.us longifilis</i>

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Journal of Biosc.enc.s and Medic.nes 2018年第4期6卷 95-105页

作者： F. c. Ogbonne E. R. Ukazu F. c. Egbe Nigerian Institute for Oc.anography and Marine Researc. Lagos Nigeria

A study was c.rried out to investigate antibiotic.resistanc. patterns and plasmid profiling of Edwardsiella tarda isolated from farmed-c.ltured Heterobranc.us longifilis in Lagos State, Southwest of Nigeria. A total of 44 Edwardsiella isolates were rec.vered from 80 fish samples c.llec.ed from the 10 fish farms using selec.ive random stratific.tion. It was observed that Edwardsiella tarda isolates were 100% resistant to Amoxic.llin, c.loranphenic.l, Levofloxac.n, Streptomyc.n and 90% resistant to Nalidixic.Ac.d respec.ively. All the isolates were 100% susc.ptible to Spec.inomyc.n and c.profloxac.n, while Ofloxac.n, Gentamyc.n, and Pefloxac.n vary in their level of susc.ptibility with 90%, 80% and 70% sensitivity respec.ively. c.nversely, 8 out of 10 fish farm loc.tions studied were observed to have antibiotic.resistant strains, and 5 out of 8 drug-resistant strains were found to c.rry plasmid and the sizes of the plasmid ranges between 20.027 kb to 23.130 kb. The plasmid after treatment with mitomyc.n c.and ethidium bromide were lost during the proc.ss of plasmid c.ring c.nfirming that the multiple drug resistant exhibited by the isolates was plasmid mediated. There are fewer studies on antibiotic.resistanc. in Edwardsiella tarda from aquac.lture enterprises and this study provides further support to the view that there is a potential risk of transfer of resistant bac.eria and their genes to human pathogen through the food c.ain. Although, in Nigeria there is no antibiotic.produc. registered for aquac.lture usage, yet fish farmers use them off-label for bac.erial diseases prevention.

关键词： Edwardsiella tarda Plasmid Profiling Antibiotic Resistanc. Heterobranc.us longifilis

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Feeding Different Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Ac.d Sourc.s Influenc.s Renal Fatty Ac.d c.mposition, Inflammation, and Oc.urrenc. of Nephroc.lc.nosis in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats

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Food and Nutrition Sc.enc.s 2013年第9期4卷 125-136页

作者： Joseph c. Gigliotti Vagner A. Benedito Ryan Livengood c.ris Oldaker Nainika Nanda Janet c. Tou Department of Biology West Virginia University Morgantown USA Department of c.emistry West Virginia University Morgantown USA Department of Pathology Health Sciences Center West Virginia University Morgantown USA Genetic. and Developmental Biology Program Division of Plant and Soil Sciences West Virginia University Morgantown USA Human Nutrition and Foods Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences West Virginia University Morgantown USA

The general population is enc.uraged to inc.ease omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty ac.d (n-3 PUFA) intake in order to optimize health for preventative health c.re. c.nsumers are typic.lly unaware that different amounts, types, and struc.ural forms of n-3 PUFA have different effic.c.. Therefore, the objec.ives of this study were to c.arac.erize different sourc.s of n-3 PUFAs and to determine whether c.nsumption of these oils influenc.s renal fatty ac.d c.mposition and renal health. Lipid c.asses and fatty ac.d profile of c.rn (c.), flaxseed (FO), menhaden (MO), salmon (SO), tuna (TO) or krill (KO) oils were determined by thin-layer and gas c.romatography. All dietary oils c.nsisted of >65% triglyc.ride with the exc.ption of KO. KO and FO also c.ntained phospholipids. FO was ric. in the n-3 PUFA, alpha-linolenic.ac.d (18:3n-3) whereas, the marine oils were ric. in the long-c.ain n-3 PUFAs (>18 c.rbons). Following c.arac.erization of the oil sourc.s, female Sprague-Dawley rats (age 28 d) were randomly assigned (n = 10/group) to be fed a high fat 12% (wt) diet c.nsisting of these different oil sourc.s for 8 weeks. Rats fed MO, TO, and SO had signific.ntly higher renal eic.sapentaenoic.ac.d (20:5n-3) and doc.sahexaenoic.ac.d (22:6n-3) deposition and this in turn, modulated inflammatory responses. Feeding rats MO, SO and TO reduc.d urinary exc.etion of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto prostaglandin E2. Feeding rats TO and SO reduc.d (P ≤ 0.002) nuc.ear fac.or kappa B ac.ivity and c.rc.lating TNFα (P c.ntrast, rats c.nsuming KO had heavier kidney weights (P c.lc.um c.ntent, and histologic.l evidenc. of renal c.lc.fic.tion and tubulo-interstitial injury. This was due to inc.eased (P c.etion assoc.ated with the phospholipids c.ntent of KO. The study results indic.ted that c.nsumption of n-3 PUFAs influenc.s renal health and the effec.s varied depending on the n-3 PUFA sourc. c.nsumed.

关键词： Kidneys Phospholipids Krill Oil Flaxseed Oil fish Oils

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Attrac.ive males have faster sperm in three-spined stic.lebac.s Gasterosteus ac.leatus

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c.rrent Zoology 2013年第6期59卷 761-768页

作者： Marion MEHLIS Lukas K. HILKE Theo c. M. BAKKER Institute for Evolutionary Biology and Ec.logy University of Bonn An der Immenburg 1 D-53121 Bonn Germany Department of Behavioural Ec.logy Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Bern Wohlenstrasse 50a CH-3032 Hinterkappelen Switzerland

Rec.nt studies have revealed that sexually selec.ed traits may signal sperm quality and henc. male fertilisation ability. There is also evidenc. that the expression of male sexual ornamentation and assoc.ated sperm c.arac.eristic. depend on an indi- vidual＇s ability to c.pe with oxidative stress. c.rotenoids are known for their antioxidant properties and c.rotenoid-based orna- ments might represent honest signals as these pigments c.n be traded offbetween the investment in sexual ornamentation, sperm func.ion as well as immune response. In this study, we examined the relationship between sexual ornamentation （breeding c.lo- ration） and sperm c.arac.eristic. （e.g., veloc.ty and morphology） in the three-spined stic.lebac. Gasterosteus aeuleatus, an ex- ternally fertilising fish spec.es, in whic. sperm c.mpetition c.mmonly oc.urs. During the breeding season males are sperm limi- ted and develop a c.nspic.ous c.rotenoid-based c.loration, whic. is under strong pre-c.pulatory sexual selec.ion due to female mate c.oic. and male-male c.mpetition. The results of the present study show that the expression of stic.lebac. male breeding c.loration is signific.ntly positively assoc.ated with the linearity of sperm movement, whereas sperm morphology （head length to tail length ratio） is signific.ntly negatively related to the trajec.ory of sperm movement. Moreover, there is some support for the phenotype-linked fertility hypothesis as the intensity of male red breeding c.loration is signific.ntly positively c.rrelated with sperm veloc.ty, whic. is supposed to be an important determinant of fertilisation suc.ess in external fertilisers, indic.ting the honesty of the sexually selec.ed nuptial red c.loration.

关键词： Mate c.oic. Sperm c.mpetition c.rotenoids Oxidative stress Reproduc.ive suc.ess c.SA ImageJ

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Effec.iveness of Dietary Advic. to Inc.ease fish c.nsumption over a 12-Month Period

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Food and Nutrition Sc.enc.s 2012年第4期3卷 455-460页

作者： Elizabeth P. Neale Amanda c.ssey Yasmine c. Probst Marijka J. Batterham Linda c. Tapsell Dietitian and Nutritionist Blackheath Australia Smart Foods c.ntre University of Wollongong Wollongong Australia Statistic.l c.nsulting Servic. University of Wollongong Wollongong Australia.

Habitual fish c.nsumption is assoc.ated with numerous health benefits;however, in Australia fish intake remains low. The aim of this study was to c.mpare the effec. of spec.fic.or general fish c.nsumption rec.mmendations on fish intake behavior over the duration of a 12-month c.inic.l trial. Partic.pants were randomized into a c.ntrol group (general dietary advic.), and two intervention groups (rec.ived dietetic.advic. to c.nsume 180 g fish/wk), with one intervention group rec.iving Lc.omega-3 PUFA supplements. Dietary data was available for n = 117 at baseline, n = 85 at 3 months and n = 63 at 12 months. Total, fatty and lean fish intake (g/day) was c.lc.lated, and the c.ange in fish intake between and within groups over the duration of the study was measured. Total fish c.nsumption did not differ signific.ntly between groups or within groups, however fatty fish intake was signific.ntly greater in the intervention groups at three months (p = 0.004). The proportion of study partic.pants c.mplying with fish intake rec.mmendations was also highest at the three month time point for both intervention groups. Overall, c.mplianc. to fish intake rec.mmendations was highest at the three month time point and appeared to be influenc.d by dietetic.intervention. Provision of fish may inc.ease c.mplianc. in future studies, however if researc. is to be translated to prac.ic., behavioral approac.es are required to inc.ease fish intake in the long term.

关键词： c.mplianc. fish c.nsumption c.inic.l Trial Dietary Intervention

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细菌絮凝体对滤食性鱼类饵料效果的研究

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水产学报 1989年第4期13卷 339-345页

作者：朱学宝上海水产大学

本文叙述以放射性核素14c.指标,测定滤食性鱼类对饵料消化吸收率的方法。用此方法测得的白鲢和罗非鱼对细菌絮凝体的消化吸收率平均分别为45.1％和81.4％。用不同培养基培养出的细菌絮凝体的蛋白质含量在36.5～50.1％之间,而且均含有... 详细信息

本文叙述以放射性核素14c.指标,测定滤食性鱼类对饵料消化吸收率的方法。用此方法测得的白鲢和罗非鱼对细菌絮凝体的消化吸收率平均分别为45.1％和81.4％。用不同培养基培养出的细菌絮凝体的蛋白质含量在36.5～50.1％之间,而且均含有对鱼类生长必需的氨基酸。平均体重为338.1mg的白鲢鱼种和252.7mg的罗非鱼鱼种,用细菌絮凝体饲养13天后平均增重率为67.3％和104.1％。结果表明,水生细菌对滤食性鱼类具有良好的饵料效果;且水生细菌不仅是水体生态系物质循环过程中的分解者,而且它还通过食物链发挥着重要的生产者的作用。

关键词：滤食性鱼类 ~14c 细菌絮凝体消化吸收率食物链

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The Stratigraphic.l Position of the Devonian fish-Bearing Series of Eastern Yunnan with a Spec.al Disc.ssion on the Tiaomac.ien Formation of c.ntral Hunsn

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地质学报 1942年第Z2期 219-227页

作者： H. c. WANG (National University of Peking)

The earliest known Devonian fish remains of c.ina were c.llec.ed by V. K. Ting in 1914 from Tsuifengshan, c.anyi, Yunnan [5], in assoc.ation with Drepanophyc.s spinaoformis desc.ibed by Halle in 1927. In 1937 Y. S. c.... 详细信息

关键词： De The Stratigraphic.l Position of the Devonian fish-Bearing Series of Eastern Yunnan with a Spec.al Disc.ssion on the Tiaomac.ien Formation of c.ntral Hunsn

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Green Marketing and Renewable Energy： Evidenc. on Motivations and Behaviour in the Aquac.ltural Market

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c.inese Business Review 2011年第12期10卷 1111-1130页

作者： Rodolfo Ballestrazzi Mic.ela c. Mason Federic. Nassivera University of Udine Udine Italy

The purpose of this paper falls within the theoretic.l framework of green marketing. It investigates the relationships that exist between the motives relating to aquac.ltural produc.s marketed under the private label of a traditional retailer （c.op）, the attitude towards their purc.ase, the perc.ption of their quality, their reliability and the willingness to pay for them. Partic.lar importanc. is given to the green motives, those that lead to a preferenc. for a produc. made with spec.fic.renewable energies suc. as biogas. The struc.ural equation models （SEM） tec.nique is used to develop propositions representing a theoretic.l approac. to the integration of green marketing, in the c.ntext of the proc.ss for purc.asing c.op brand fish. With regard to distinguishing between the motives, we referred to the approac. that sets out three different types of motive： c.ean, green and ethic.l. The resulting managerial implic.tions make it possible to assess how muc. the different types of motive influenc. the c.oic.s of the c.nsumers. Managers will benefit from the results of this paper by understanding better the benefits for c.nsumers of aquac.ltural produc.s from renewable energy suc. as biogas. The originality of the paper lies in its foc.sing on green purc.ase behaviour in a poorly investigated sec.or suc. as that of fish breeding. The paper c.ntributes to an understanding of the fac.ors that influenc. environmentally responsible purc.ase behaviour and their exac. relationships, that are still unc.ear in literature. The fac. that environmental issues and c.nc.rns are c.nstantly c.anging implies that ongoing researc. into their influenc. on c.nsumer behaviour is essential

关键词： green marketing renewable energy aquac.ltural market biogas SEM

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Development and Validation of an Australian Database for Estimating the Seafood c.ntent of c.nned Produc.s

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Food and Nutrition Sc.enc.s 2011年第7期2卷 759-763页

作者： Elizabeth P. Neale Yasmine c. Probst Marijka J. Batterham Linda c. Tapsell Smart Foods c.ntre University of Wollongong Statistic.l c.nsulting Servic. University of Wollongong

c.nned fish produc.s are of inc.easing popularity in Australia;however c.rrent Australian nutrient databases do not inc.ude data on the perc.ntage fish in these produc.s. The objec.ive of this study was to develop and validate a database of the perc.ntage fish and seafood c.ntained in c.mmon c.nned fish and seafood produc.s, for use in c.inic.l trials. Six major supermarkets in the Illawarra region, NSW were audited for c.nned seafood produc.s, and a database of reported perc.ntage fish and seafood was developed. Mean + SD of eac. type of produc. was then determined. To validate the database, a representative sample of c.nned tuna produc.s were weighed ac.ording to c.dex Alimentarius methods. The weighed perc.ntage fish was c.mpared to reported perc.ntage via independent sample t-test and Mann-Whitney test. Perc.ntage fish data was c.llec.ed for n = 214 c.nned fish produc.s. The mean perc.ntage fish in tuna produc.s was 60.4% + 11.3% (n = 144), 72.0% + 14.7% in salmon produc.s (n = 31) and 70.9% + 9.3% in sardine produc.s (n = 23). There was no signific.nt differenc. between the reported and weighed perc.ntage fish. This database highlighted the substantial proportion of additional ingredients found in c.nned fish produc.s. Given the popularity of suc. produc.s, future studies measuring fish c.nsumption should use a similar database to ac.urately measure fish intake.

关键词： c.nned fish c.inic.l Trial Food Database Australia

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