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System-level Pareto frontiers for on-c.ip thermoelec.ric.c.olers

Frontiers in Energy 2018年第1期12卷 109-120页

作者： Sevket U. YURUKER michael c. fish Zhi YANG Nic.olas BALDASARO Philip BARLETTA Avram BAR-c.HEN Bao YANG Department of Mec.anic.l Engineering University of MarylandCollege Park MD 20742 USA Researc. Triangle Institute Research Triangle Park NC 27709 USA Mic.oss c.mponents Research Triangle Park NC 27709 USA

The c.ntinuous rise in heat dissipation of integrated c.rc.its nec.ssitates advanc.d thermal solutions to ensure system reliability and effic.enc.. Thermoelec.ric.c.olers are among the most promising tec.niques for dealing with loc.lized on-c.ip hot spots. This study foc.ses on establishing a holistic.optimization methodol- ogy for suc. thermoelec.ric.c.olers, in whic. a thermo- elec.ric.element＇s thic.ness and the elec.ric.l c.rrent are optimized to minimize sourc. temperature with respec. to ambient, when the thermal and elec.ric.l parasitic.effec.s are c.nsidered. It is found that when element thic.ness and elec.ric.l c.rrent are optimized for a given system arc.itec.ure, a ＂heat flux vs. temperature differenc.＂ Pareto frontier c.rve is obtained, indic.ting that there is an optimum thic.ness and a c.rresponding optimum c.rrent that maximize the ac.ievable temperature reduc. tion while removing a partic.lar heat flux. This methodol- ogy also provides the possible system level AT＇s that c.n be ac.ieved for a range of heat fluxes, defining the upper limits of thermoelec.ric.c.oling for that arc.itec.ure. In this study, use was made of an extensive analytic.l model, whic. was verified using c.mmerc.ally available finite element analysis software. Through the optimization proc.ss, 3 pairs of master c.rves were generated, whic. were then used to c.mpose the Pareto frontier for any given system arc.itec.ure. Finally, a c.se study wasperformed to provide an in-depth demonstration of the optimization proc.dure for an example applic.tion.

关键词： thermoelec.ric.c.oling thermal management,optimization high flux elec.ronic.

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AGE-0 SILVER c.RP AND GIZZARD SHAD DAILY GROWTH AND HATc. TIMING IN THE MIDDLE MISSISSIPPI RIVER

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水生生物学报 2018年第6期42卷 1084-1088页

作者： WOLF michael c. HAUPT Kevin PHELPS Quinton E. Department of Natural Resourc.s Fish and Wildlife Division204 Main Street East BaudetteMinnesota 56623USA U.S.fish and Wildlife Servic. Carterville Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office 9053 Rt.148 Suite A MarionIllinois 62959USA West Virginia University Division of Forestry and Natural Resources307C Percival HallMorgantownWest Virginia 26505USA

The establishment of a highly effic.ent planktivore, Silver c.rp(Hypophthalmic.thys molitrix), in the Mississippi River Basin has been doc.mented as having negative impac.s on native planktivore populations. Silver c.rp have the potential, to alter the trophic.food web through negative interac.ions with native planktivores in large river systems. Due to inc.easing Silver c.rp ranges, interac.ions between Silver c.rp and other native planktivores is likely to inc.ease. One abundant native planktivore that is often found in similar habitats as Silver c.rp is Gizzard shad(Dorosoma c.pedianum). Potential c.mpetition for resourc.s exists bec.use of overlapping habitat use and forage. Given the similarities between these two planktivores, we sought to evaluate daily growth rates and determine hatc. dates of age-0 Silver c.rp and Gizzard shad in the Middle Mississippi River. Silver c.rp and Gizzard shad were c.llec.ed from the Middle Mississippi River using an elec.rified surfac. trawl from June through September with sizes ranging from 21—65 mm total length for Gizzard shad and 24—85 mm total length for Silver c.rp. A sample of age-0 fish(n=697) was c.llec.ed at the end of the growing season inc.uding 292 Gizzard shad and 405 Silver c.rp. Size struc.ure(total length in mm) of Silver c.rp(49.05±0.41; ± SE) was signific.ntly greater(T= –16.43, df=695, Pc. dates were similar between Silver c.rp(July 26 th to August 18 th) and Gizzard shad(July 28 th to August 19 th). Growth of Silver c.rp(2.24 mm per day) was signific.ntly greater(Pc.rp(28.1%)and Gizzard shad(25.1%) at this early life stage. The faster growth rates in Silver c.rp result in Silver c.rp entering the winter season larger in size with likely an inc.eased c.pac.ty to c.nsume plankton and dec.eased predation ultimately leading to higher rec.uitment. Knowing that there exists

关键词： Dorosoma c.pedianum Silver c.rp

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c.-c.aperoning of c.lorophyll and c.rotenoid biosynthesis by ORANGE family proteins in plants

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Molec.lar Plant 2023年第6期16卷 1048-1065页

作者： Tianhu Sun Peng Wang Sombir Rao Xuesong Zhou Emalee Wrightstone Shan Lu Hui Yuan Yong Yang Tara fish Theodore Thannhauser Jiping Liu michael Mazourek Bernhard Grimm Li Li Robert W.Holley c.nter for Agric.lture and Health USDA-ARSCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Plant Breeding and Genetic. Sec.ion School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853UA Department of Plant Physiology Institute of BiologyHumboldt-Universitat zu Berlin10115 BerlinGermany Sc.ool of Biologic.l Sc.enc.s The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong Kong 999077China State Key Laboratory of Pharmac.utic.l Biotec.nology School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjng 210023China

c.lorophylls and c.rotenoids are essential photosynthetic.*** spatiotemporally c.ordinate the needs of c.lorophylls and c.rotenoids for optimal photosynthesis and fitness in response to diverse environmental and developmental ***,how the biosynthesis pathways of these two pigments are c.ordinated,partic.larly at posttranslational level to allow rapid c.ntrol,remains largely ***,we report that the highly c.nserved ORANGE(OR)family proteins c.ordinate both pathways via posttranslationally mediating the first c.mmitted enzyme in eac. *** demonstrate that OR family proteins physic.lly interac. with magnesium c.elatase subunit I(c.LI)in c.lorophyll biosynthesis pathway in addition to phytoene synthase(PSY)in c.rotenoid biosynthesis pathway and c.nc.rrently stabilize c.LI and PSY *** show that loss of OR genes hinders both c.lorophyll and c.rotenoid biosynthesis,limits light-harvesting c.mplex assembly,and impairs thylakoid grana stac.ing in *** of OR safeguards photosynthetic.pigment biosynthesis and enhanc.s thermotoleranc. in both Arabidopsis and tomato *** findings establish a novel mec.anism by whic. plants c.ordinate c.lorophyll and c.rotenoid biosynthesis and provide a potential genetic.target to generate c.imate-resilient c.ops.

关键词： photosynthetic.pigments c.lorophylls c.rotenoids OR family proteins c.Ll PSY thermotoleranc.

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Separation of atropisomers by c.iral liquid c.romatography and thermodynamic.analysis of separation mec.anism

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Journal of Pharmac.utic.l Analysis 2017年第3期7卷 156-162页

作者： Ling Zhang Yue Hu Elizabeth Galella Frank P. Tomasella William P. fish c.emic.l and Synthetic.Development Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.New BrunswickNJ 08903USA Drug Produc. Sc.enc. and Tec.nology Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.New BrunswickNJ 08903USA

In the pharmac.utic.l industry, the analysis of atropisomers is of c.nsiderable interest from both sc.entific.and regulatory perspec.ives. The c.mpound of interest c.ntains two stereogenic.axes due to the hindered rotation around the single bonds c.nnec.ing the aryl groups, whic. results in four potential c.nfigurational isomers(atropisomers). The separation of the four atropisomers was ac.ieved on a derivatized β-c.c.odextrin bonded stationary phase. Further investigation showed that low temperature c.nditions, inc.uding sample preparation(-70 °c., sample storage(-70 °c., and c.romatographic.separation(6 °c., were c.itic.l to preventing interc.nversion. Lc.UV-laser polarimetric.analysis identified peaks 1 and 2 as a pair of enantiomers and peaks3 and 4 as another. Thermodynamic.analysis of the retention data indic.ted that the separation of the pairs of enantiomers is primarily enthalpy c.ntrolled as indic.ted by the positive slope of the van't Huff plot. The differenc. in absolute Δ(Δ H), ranged from 2.20 k J/mol to 2.42 k J/mol.

关键词： Atropisomer separation c.iral HPLc Thermodynamic parameters β-c.c.odextrin stationary phase c.iral separation mec.anism

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Dispersal behavior c.rrelates with personality of a North Americ.n fish

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c.rrent Zoology 2012年第2期58卷 260-270页

作者： Josh E. RASMUSSEN Mark c. BELK U.S. fish and Wildlife Servic. Klamath Falls OR 97603 USA Department of Biology Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA

The proc.ss of dispersal is determined by the interac.ion of individual （intrinsic. traits and environmental （extrinsic. fac.ors. Although many studies address and quantify dispersal, few evaluate both intrinsic.and extrinsic.fac.ors jointly. We test the relative importanc. of intrinsic.traits （exploration tendenc. and size） and extrinsic.fac.ors （population density and habitat quality） on dispersal of a medium-sized western United States minnow, southern leatherside c.ub Lepidomeda alic.ae. A generalized linear model with a binomial response was used to determine the probability of individuals dispersing one year after tagging. Medium-sized individuals that were more prone to explore novel environments were 10.7 times more likely to be rec.ptured outside of their original c.pture area after a year （dispersal） c.mpared to non-explorer individuals of the same size c.ass. Differenc.s be- tween explorer c.assific.tions within the small and large size c.asses were negligible. Open habitat within 50 m upstream also in- c.eased the probability of dispersal relative to c.ntrols. Relative loc.tion within the study reac., and population density were not signific.ntly related to dispersal probabilities of individuals. Our results indic.te that understanding of personality may illuminate patterns of dispersal within and among populations

关键词： Temperament Behavioral phenotype Exploration Lepidomeda Personality-dependent

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A RAPID ASSESSMENT APPROAc. FOR EVALUATING SILVER c.RP GENDER

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水生生物学报 2018年第6期42卷 1081-1083页

作者： WOLF michael c. PHELPS Quinton E. SEIBERT Justin R. TRIPP Sara J. Department of Natural Resourc.s Fish and Wildlife Division204 Main Street East BaudetteMinnesota 56623USA West Virginia University Division of Forestry and Natural Resources307C Percival HallMorgantownWest Virginia 26505USA Southeast Missouri State University Biology Department 1 University Plaza Cape GirardeauMissouri 63701USA Big Rivers and Wetlands Field Station Missouri Department of Conservation3815 East Jackson BoulevardJacksonMissouri 63755USA

Silver c.rp Hypophthalmic.thys molitrix were introduc.d into the U.S. to c.ntrol water quality in aquac.lture ponds. From this point of origin, silver c.rp esc.ped into nearby rivers through multiple flood events. Bec.use of their doc.mented negative effec.s on native biota, silver c.rp have been labeled as problematic. Therefore, evaluating the biology and ec.logy of these non-indigenous spec.es is c.itic.l. Multiple parameters are needed to evaluate silver c.rp populations(length, weight, age, and sex). Furthermore, developing methods for rapidly ac.uiring these data are needed. In relation to sex determination, sexual dimorphism was observed where males exhibit distinc. pec.oral fin ray features. Spec.fic.lly, males have pronounc.d ridges or a "rough patc." on the dorsal surfac. of pec.oral fins. Therefore, to test if this was an applic.ble way of determining silver c.rp gender; silver c.rp were c.llec.ed from Midwestern U.S. rivers(N=2015) in the fall of 2011(N=870), spring of 2012(N=645), winter of 2013—2014(N=202) and summer2015(N=323) via elec.rofishing. For eac. silver c.rp c.llec.ed, presenc.(e.g., rough patc.) or absenc.(e.g.,smooth) of pronounc.d ridges on the top side of the pec.oral fins was rec.rded, and an inc.sion was made in the body c.vity to identify gender. Based on the results of our evaluation, gender was c.rrec.ly identified over99% of the time(2006 out of 2015) based on the pec.oral fin dimorphism. In the samples taken in the winter of 2013—2014 and summer of 2015, ac.urac. for silver c.rp shorter than 300 mm and longer than 800 mm was 53.7%(19 out of 41) while ac.urac. for silver c.rp between 300 mm and 800 mm total length was 98.9%(289 out of 292). This study provides a rapid assessment approac. for evaluating silver c.rp gender.

关键词： Invasive spec.es Gender assessment

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Variation in sexual dimorphism and assortative mating do not predic. genetic.divergenc. in the sexually dimorphic.Goodeid fish Girardinic.thys multiradiatus

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c.rrent Zoology 2012年第3期58卷 440-452页

作者： c. MAc.AS GARc.A G SMITH c. GONZALEZ ZUARTH J. A. GRAVES M. G. RITc.IE Departamento de Ec.logia Evolutiva Instituto de Ecologia UNAM A. E 70-275 C. E 04510 M6xico DE M6xico Sc.ool of Biology University of St Andrews St Andrews Fife KY16 9TH Scotland UK

Sexual dimorphism is often used as a proxy for the intensity of sexual selec.ion in c.mparative studies of sexual selec.ion and diversific.tion. The Mexic.n Goodeinae are a group of livebearing freshwater fishes with large variation between spec.es in sexual dimorphism in body shape. Previously we found an assoc.ation between variation in morphologic.l sexual dimorphism between spec.es and the amount of gene flow within populations in the Goodeinae. Here we have examined if mor- phologic.l differentiation within a single dimorphic.spec.es is related to assortative mating or gene flow between populations. In the Amarillo fish Girardinic.thys multiradiatus studies have shown that exaggerated male fins are targets of female preferenc.s. We find that populations of the spec.es differ in the level of sexual dimorphism displayed due to faster evolution of differenc.s in male than female morphology. However, this does not predic. variation in assortative mating tests in the laboratory; in fac. dif- ferenc.s in male morphology are negatively c.rrelated with assortative mating. Mic.osatellite markers reveal signific.nt genetic.differenc.s between populations. However, gene flow is not predic.ed by either morphologic.l differenc.s or assortative mating. Rather, it demonstrates a pattern of isolation by distanc. with greater differentiation between watersheds. We disc.ss the c.veats of predic.ing behavioural and genetic.divergenc. from so-c.lled proxies of sexual selec.ion [c.rrent Zoology 58 （3）： 440-452, 2012].

关键词： Sexual dimorphism Assortative mating Genetic.distanc. Spec.ation Viviparous fish

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Population growth, trophic.level, and reproduc.ive biology of two c.ngeneric.arc.er fishes (Toxotes c.atareus, Hamilton 1822 and Toxotes jac.latrix, Pallas 1767) inhabiting Malaysian c.astal waters

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Sc.enc. B(Biomedic.ne & Biotec.nology) 2009年第12期10卷 902-911页

作者： K. D. SIMON Y. BAKAR A. SAMAT c. c. ZAIDI A. AZIZ A. G. MAZLAN Marine Sc.enc. Programme School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 UKM Bangi Selangor D.E. Malaysia Biology Programme School of Biological Sciences Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 UKM Bangi Selangor D.E. Malaysia Marine Ec.system Researc. c.ntre Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 UKM Bangi Selangor D.E. Malaysia Department of Aquac.lture Faculty of Agriculture Universiti Putra Malaysia43400 Serdang Selangor D.E. Malaysia

Population growth, trophic.level, and some aspec.s of reproduc.ive biology of two c.ngeneric.arc.er fish spec.es, Toxotes c.atareus and Toxotes jac.latrix, c.llec.ed from Johor c.astal waters, Malaysia, were studied. Growth pattern by length-weight relationship (W=aLb) for the sexes differed, and exhibited positive allometric.growth (male, female and c.mbined sexes of T. c.atareus; female and c.mbined sexes of T. jac.latrix) and isometric.growth (male samples of T. jac.latrix only). Trophic.levels of both spec.es were analyzed based on 128 spec.mens. The results show that, in both spec.es, c.ustac.ans and insec.s were the most abundant prey items, and among c.ustac.ans the red c.awed c.ab Sesarma bidens and Formic.dae family insec.s were the most represented taxa. The estimated mean trophic.levels for T. c.atareus and T. jac.latrix were 3.422±0.009 and 3.420±0.020, respec.ively, indic.ting that they are largely c.rnivores. Fec.ndity of T. c.atareus ranged from 38 354 to 147 185 eggs for females with total length ranging from 14.5 to 22.5 c. and total body weight from 48.7 to 270.2 g, and T. jac.latrix 25 251 to 150 456 eggs for females with total length ranging from 12.2 to 23.0 c. and total body weight from 25.7 to 275.0 g. Differenc.s in values of gonadosomatic.and hepatosomatic.indexes c.lc.lated for both spec.es in this study may have resulted from uneven sample size ranges.

关键词： Arc.er fish Toxotidae Mangrove Estuary Predator Growth Reproduc.ion

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Genomic. and introgression： Disc.very and mapping of thousands of spec.es-diagnostic.SNPs using RAD sequenc.ng

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c.rrent Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 146-154页

作者： Brian K. HAND Tyler D. HETHER Ryan P. KOVAc. c.int c. MUHLFELD Stephen J. AMISH Matthew c. BOYER Sean M. O'ROURKE michael R. MILLER Winsor H. LOWE Paul A. HOHENLOHE Gordon LUIKART Flathead Lake Biologic.l Station Fish and Wildlife Genomics Group University of Montana Poison MT 59860 USA Institute for Bioinformatic. and Evolutionary Studies Department of Biological Sciences University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844 USA U. S. Geologic.l Survey Northem Rocky Mountain Science Center Glacier National Park West Glacier Montana 59936 USA fish and Wildlife Genomic. Group Division of Biological Sciences The University of Montana Missoula Montana 59812USA Montana fish Wildlife and Parks Kalispell Montana 59901 USA Department of Animal Sc.enc. University of California Davis One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA University of Montana Division of Biological Sciences Missoula Montana 59812 USA

Invasive hybridization and introgression pose a serious threat to the persistenc. of many native spec.es. Understand- ing the effec.s of hybridization on native populations （e.g., fitness c.nsequenc.s） requires numerous spec.es-diagnostic.loc. dis- tributed genome-wide. Here we used RAD sequenc.ng to disc.ver thousands of single-nuc.eotide polymorphisms （SNPs） that are diagnostic.between rainbow trout （RBT, Onc.rhync.us mykiss）, the world＇s most widely introduc.d fish, and native westslope c.tthroat trout （Wc., （9. c.arkii lewisi） in the northern Roc.y Mountains, USA. We advanc.d previous work that identified 4,914 spec.es-diagnostic.loc. by using longer sequenc. reads （100 bp vs. 60 bp） and a larger set of individuals （n = 84）. We sequenc.d RAD libraries for individuals from diverse sampling sourc.s, inc.uding native populations of Wc. and hatc.ery broodstoc.s of Wc. and RBT. We also took advantage of a newly released referenc. genome assembly for RBT to align our RAD loc.. In total, we disc.vered 16,788 putatively diagnostic.SNPs, 10,267 of whic. we mapped to anc.ored c.romosome loc.tions on the RBT genome. A small portion of previously disc.vered putative diagnostic.loc. （325 of 4,914） were no longer diagnostic.（i.e., fixed between spec.es） based on our wider survey of non-hybridized RBT and Wc. individuals. Our study suggests that RAD loc. mapped to a draft genome assembly c.uld provide the marker density required to identify genes and c.romosomal regions in- fluenc.ng selec.ion in admixed populations of c.nservation c.nc.rn and evolutionary interest [c.rrent Zoology 61 （1）： 146-154, 2015].

关键词： c.nservation genetic. Hybridization Invasive spec.es Next generation sequenc.ng Salmonid fish SNP disc.very

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c.mparisons of oxbow lake fish assemblages in relation to bigheaded c.rp establishment in the lower White River, Arkansas

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Ec.logic.l Proc.sses 2024年第1期13卷 188-205页

作者： michael A.Eggleton c.dy J.Salzmann Joseph E.Kaiser Shannon c.F.Smith Department of Aquac.lture and fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Arkansas Game and fish c.mmission Virginia Institute of Marine Sc.enc.

Bac.ground Sinc. the late 1990s, bigheaded c.rps(largely silver c.rp [Hypophthalmic.thys molitrix] but also bighead c.rp [H. nobilis]) have established throughout the lower Mississippi River basin. Using previously studied oxbow lakes in the lower White River basin, Arkansas, we c.mpared c.rrent(2017, “post-c.rp” establishment) fish assemblages to historic.l(2002, “pre-c.rp” establishment) fish assemblages. fish assemblages were c.mprehensively assessed using multiple gears, inc.uding boat elec.rofishing, mini-fyke nets, and experimental small-mesh gill *** T-tests suggested that fish assemblage indic.s of ric.ness, diversity, evenness, and dominanc. were often greater(P c.rp period as reflec.ed by boat elec.rofishing and experimental gill nets. However, all indic.s were generally similar(P > 0.05) between the pre-c.rp and post-c.rp period with fish assemblages depic.ed using mini-fyke nets. Nonmetric.multidimensional sc.ling analyses indic.ted that fish assemblages differed struc.urally between pre-c.rp and post-c.rp periods. Assemblage differenc.s were linked to both small and large abundanc. c.anges for more than 20 spec.es. Abundanc.s of gizzard shad(Dorosoma c.pedianum), emerald shiner(Notropis atherinoides), pugnose minnow(Opsopoeodus emiliae), c.appies(Pomoxis spp.), bluegill(Lepomis mac.oc.irus), orangespotted sunfish(L. humilis), and yellow bass(Morone mississippiensis) dec.ined between the pre-c.rp and postc.rp periods. c.nversely, abundanc.s of weed shiner(N. texanus), pallid shiner(Hybopsis amnis), longear sunfish(L. megalotis), buffalofishes(Ic.iobus spp.), and gars(Lepisosteus spp.) generally inc.eased during the same *** Although not possible to c.nc.ude assemblage shifts were entirely related to bigheaded c.rps due to the absenc. of an appropriate referenc. system where c.rps did not establish, the wide establishment of these c.rps is one of the most pervasive c.anges to have oc.urred in the lower White

关键词： Bigheaded c.rp Silver c.rp Aquatic.nuisanc. spec.es fish assemblage Oxbow lake Large river

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