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Exploring the associations between skeletal muscle echogenicity and physical function in aging adults:A systematic review with meta-analyses

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 820-840页

作者： Dustin J.Oranchuk Stephan G.bodkin Katie L.boncella michael O.Harris-Love Muscle Morphology Mechanicsand Performance LaboratoryDepartment of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045USA Department of Physical Therapy

background:Assessment and quantification of skeletal muscle within the aging population is vital for diagnosis,treatment,and injury/disease *** clinical availability of assessing muscle quality through diagnostic ultrasound presents an opportunity to be utilized as a screening tool for function-limiting ***,relationships between muscle echogenicity and clinical functional assessments require authoritative ***,we aimed to(a) synthesize the literature to assess the relationships between skeletal muscle echogenicity and physical function in older adults(≥60 years),(b) perform pooled analyses of relationships between skeletal muscle echogenicity and physical function,and(c) perform sub-analyses to determine between-muscle ***:CINAHL,Embase,MEDLINE,PubMed,and Web of Science databases were systematically searched to identify articles relating skeletal muscle echogenicity to physical function in older ***-of-bias assessments were conducted along with funnel plot ***-analyses with and without sub-analyses for individual muscles were performed utilizing Fisher's Z transformation for the most common measures of physical ***'s Z was back-transformed to Pearson's r for ***:Fifty-one articles(n=5095,female=~2759,male=~2301,72.5± 5.8 years,mean±SD(1 study did not provide sex descriptors))were extracted for review,with previously unpublished data obtained from the authors of 13 *** rectus femoris(n=34) and isometric knee extension strength(n=22) were the most accessed muscle and physical qualities,*** relationship between quadriceps echogenicity and knee extensor strength was moderate(n=2924,r=-0.36(95% confidence interval:-0.38 to-0.32),p b-analyses determined minimal differences in predicti

关键词： Correlations Echo intensity Elderly Intramuscular fat Strength

How Not to Starve to Death because of Global Warming

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(b) 2024年第3期13卷 105-107页

作者： michael Noppe Department of Applied and Theoretical Physics NSTUKiryat-Yam 2907429Israel

The development of heat-and drought-tolerant varieties is recognized as a critical area of warming adaptation,but will require a long *** approach to warming adaptation proposed in the article is to use“Sunny Rain”for efficient irrigation which will double the yield and will not require a long time to do *** startup“Sunny Rain International”proposes to solve problems with the help of“Sunny Rain”:obtaining water from the cloudless atmosphere in industrial quantities possible in the Arava,Negev and Kinneret;doubling crops through efficient irrigation with“Sunny Rain”;extinguishing large fires;cooling the air from heat waves;cleaning air polluted(by fires,transportation,industry);eliminating fog at airports and airfields and other problems.

关键词： “Sunny Rain” getting water from cloudless atmosphere efficient irrigation

Knock-out of bnHva22c reduces the susceptibility of brassica napus to infection with the fungal pathogen Verticillium longisporum

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 503-514页

作者： Wanzhi Ye Roxana Hossain michael Prbsting Abdallah Abdelmegid Mohamed Ali Lingyue Han Ying Miao Steffen Rietz Daguang Cai Dirk Schenke Department of Molecular Phytopathology and biotechnology Institute of PhytopathologyChristian-Albrechts-University of KielKielGermany Institut für Zuckerrübenforschung GöttingenGermany Plant Pathology Department Faculty of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesAswan UniversityAswanEgypt Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional biology College of Life SciencesFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Hohenlieth-Hof NPZ Innovation GmbHHoltseeGermany

Verticillium longisporum(Vl43)is a soilborne hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen causing stem striping on oilseed rape(OSR)and severe yield *** for resistant varieties is the most promising approach to control this ***,we report the identification of Hva22c as a novel susceptibility factor and its potential for improving OSR ***22c is a member of the Hva22 gene family,originally described for barley(Hordeum vulgare).Several Hva22 members have been located at the endoplasmic ***22c is up-regulated in response to Vl43 in both Arabidopsis and *** demonstrate that knock-out of Hva22c in OSR by CRISPR/Cas9 and its homolog in Arabidopsis by T-DNA insertion reduced plants’susceptibility to Vl43 infection and impaired the development of disease *** understand the underlying mechanism,we analysed transcriptomic data from infected and non-infected roots of hva22c knock-out and wild type *** identified a homozygous mutant with frame-shifts in all four bnHva22c loci displaying a vastly altered transcriptional landscape at 6 ***,a large set of genes was suppressed under mock conditions including genes related to the endomembrane *** the up-regulated genes we found several defense-related and phytohormone-responsive genes when comparing mutant to the wild *** results demonstrate that Hva22c is functionally required for a fully compatible plant-fungus *** loss of function reduces plant susceptibility,most likely due to endoplasmatic reticulum and Golgi dysfunction accompanied by additionally activated defense *** findings can help improve OSR resistance to *** infection.

关键词： Hva22c Susceptibility factor CRISPR/Cas9 brassica napus Arabidopsis Verticillium longisporum Resistance breeding

Prospective cohort study on facial profile changes in infants with Robin sequence and healthy controls

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第6期20卷 581-589页

作者： Cornelia Wiechers Julian Sowula Karen Kreutzer Christoph E.Schwarz Christina Weismann michael Krimmel Christian F.Poets bernd Koos Department of Neonatology Tuebingen University HospitalCalwerstrasse 772076 TuebingenGermany Center for Cleft Lip Palate and Craniofacial MalformationsTuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany Department of Orthodontics Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany

background Various conservative and surgical approaches exist to treat Robin sequence(RS),but their effects on facial profile and mandibular catch-up growth are unclear.A functional treatment concept,used in our centre for 25 years,includes an individualized palatal plate with a velo-pharyngeal extension and intensive feeding *** We performed a prospective study to objectively describe facial profiles in infants with RS treated with the above *** with isolated RS were admitted to our tertiary perinatal and national referral centre for craniofacial malformations between May 2018 and Nov *** with RS received 3D-photographs during clinically indicated *** controls were recruited from Dec 2018 to Sep 2019 and received 3D-photographs every 3 *** digitally measured jaw index(JI),defined as alveolar overjet(O)x maxillary arch(U)/mandibular arch(L),and the soft tissue reference points A’-point,Nasion’,b’-point angle(ANb’),describing the relative position of maxilla to mandible,were *** mixed models were used to examine time trajectories in JI and ANb’.Results A total of 2073D images,obtained in 19 infants with RS and 32 controls,were *** and ANb’decreased over time in both groups[for JI−0.18(95%CI−0.25 to−0.10);for ANb’:−0.40°per month[(95%CI−0.48 to−0.32)]]but remained lower in controls[for JI−2.5(95%CI−3.2 to−1.8);for ANb’-1.7°(95%CI−2.4 to−1.0)].Also,the ANb’model showed a significant effect of the interaction term diagnosis x *** based on longitudinal 3D images,we describe changes in objective parameters of facial profile in infants with and without RS during the first year of *** findings indicate catch-up growth in infants treated for RS.

关键词： Infant Mandibular catch-up growth Pre-epiglottic baton Plate Robin sequence Three-dimensional photography

Debris Fan Produced by Failure of Canyon-blocking Pyroclastic Flows

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第5期16卷 328-360页

作者： michael L. Cummings Department of Geology Portland State University Portland Oregon USA

Ash-rich pyroclastic flows from the cataclysmic eruption of Mount Mazama (~7700 yr. b. P.), Cascade volcanic arc, Oregon, entered and blocked the narrow, bedrock-lined canyon of the Williamson River approximately 35 to 44 km from the source volcano. The blockage impounded a body of water which then released producing four stratigraphic units in the downstream debris fan. The four stratigraphic units are a boulder core comprised of locally sourced bedrock boulders and three sand-rich units including a fine-grained sand unit, a sandy pumice gravel (±basalt/hydrovolcanic tuff) unit, and a pumice pebble-bearing, crystal-rich sand unit. Hand-drilled auger holes up to ~1.6 m deep were used to obtain samples of the sand-rich units. Units were delimited using surface and down-hole observations, composition and texture, estimated density, statistical parameters of grain size, and vertical and lateral distribution of properties. Overtopping followed by rapid incision into the ash-rich pyroclastic flows progressively cleared the canyon, but a bedrock knickpoint near the head of the canyon limited the volume of debris available for transport to about 0.04 km3 to 0.08 km3. Co-deposition of bedrock boulders and lithic-rich sand was followed by rapid deposition with minimal reworking of remobilized pyroclastics. Continued draining of the impounded lake sent hyperconcentrated flows onto the debris fan depositing pumice-rich gravels that graded upward to crystal-rich sands.

关键词： Outburst Flood Mount Mazama Debris Fan Canyon blockage Pyroclastic Flows

Near-Surface Soil Chemical Properties as Affected by Cover Crops Over Time in the Lower Mississippi River Valley

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第9期15卷 1035-1056页

作者： Cooper Fanning Kristofor R. brye michael b. Daniels Trenton L. Roberts Samuel Fernandes Lisa S. Wood Department of Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA

Typical row-crop agricultural practices can potentially be harmful to soil health and future sustainability. The use of cover crops (CC) as a mechanism to improve soil health on a wide scale remains underutilized. Soil health remains a major concern for the sustainability of agricultural productivity, therefore, research into CC implementation as a mean to preserve or improve soil health is warranted. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of CC on the soils in the eastern Arkansas portion of the Lower Mississippi River Valley (LMRV) over time for various chemical soil parameters, including pH, soil organic matter (SOM), soil elemental contents (i.e., P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, and b), soil respiration, and a generalized soil health score index. Soil pH decreased over time under both CC and no-cover-crop (NCC) treatments, by −0.3 and −0.2, respectively. Soil OM decreased over time under NCC by −0.1%, but did not differ between CC treatments. Soil N availability decreased over time under NCC (−22.6 kg·ha−1), but did not change over time under CC. Soil respiration decreased over time under both CC and NCC, by −76.1 mg·L−1 and −77.3 mg·L−1, respectively, though there was no effect of CC treatment. The Haney soil health score index decreased under CC (−7.0) and NCC (−6.8) without an effect from CC treatment. Results of the study place emphasis on the temporal nature of soil health as influenced by cover crops and their potential to improve soil health.

关键词： Arkansas Cover Crops Soil Properties Soil Organic Matter Soil Health Score

Typing of pancreatic cancer-associated fibroblasts identifies different subpopulations

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第41期24卷 4663-4678页

作者： michael Friberg bruun nielsen michael bau Mortensen Sonke Detlefsen Department of Pathology Odense University HospitalDepartment of Clinical ResearchUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdense Pancreas Center(OPAC)Odense C 5000Denmark Department of Surgery HPB SectionOdense University HospitalDepartment of Clinical ResearchUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdense Pancreas Center(OPAC)Odense C 5000Denmark

AIM To determine whether it is possible to identify different immune phenotypic subpopulations of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in pancreatic cancer (PC). METHODS We defined four different stromal compartments in surgical specimens with PC: The juxtatumoural, peripheral, lobular and septal stroma. Tissue microarrays were produced containing all pre-defined PC compartments, and the expression of 37 fibroblast (Fb) and 8 extracellular matrix (ECM) markers was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence (IF), double-IF, and/or in situ hybridization. The compartment-specific mean labelling score was determined for each marker using a four-tiered scoring system. DOG1 gene expression was examined byquantitative reverse transcription PCR (qPCR). RESULTS CD10, CD271, cytoglobin, DOG1, miR-21, nestin, and tenascin C exhibited significant differences in expression profiles between the juxtatumoural and peripheral compartments. The expression of CD10, cytoglobin, DOG1, nestin, and miR-21 was moderate/strong in juxtatumoural CAFs (j-CAFs) and barely perceptible/weak in peripheral CAFs (p-CAFs). The upregulation of DOG1 gene expression in PC compared to normal pancreas was verified by qPCR. Tenascin C expression was strong in the juxtatumoural ECM and barely perceptible/weak in the peripheral ECM. CD271 expression was barely perceptible in j-CAFs but moderate in the other compartments. Galectin-1 was stronger expressed in j-CAFs vs septal fibroblasts, PDGFRβ, tissue transglutaminase 2, and hyaluronic acid were stronger expressed in lobular fibroblasts vs p-CAFs, and plectin-1 was stronger expressed in j-CAFs vs l-Fbs. The expression of the remaining 33 markers did not differ significantly when related to the quantity of CAFs/Fbs or the amount of ECM in the respective *** Different immune phenotypic CAF subpopulations can be identified in PC, using markers such as cytoglobin, CD271, and miR-21. Future studies should determine whether CAF subpo

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Tumour stroma Cancerassociated fibroblasts Extracellular matrix Subtyping Immunohistochemistry

bDS-3 b1C/b2a长基线相对定位研究

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测绘通报 2024年第8期 31-36,53页

作者：方卓王立诗云 michael Floyd 南京数维测绘有限公司江苏南京211808 中铁四院集团南宁勘察设计院有限公司广西南宁430007 麻省理工学院地球、大气与行星科学系马萨诸塞州剑桥02139

为了验证北斗三号卫星导航系统(bDS-3)b1C/b2a长基线相对定位的精度,本文首先对2023年DOY(304~313)澳大利亚地区8个MGEX测站连续10 d观测数据进行质量分析;然后使用改进的GAMIT10.76软件对观测数据进行长基线相对定位解算;最后评估bDS-3... 详细信息

为了验证北斗三号卫星导航系统(bDS-3)b1C/b2a长基线相对定位的精度,本文首先对2023年DOY(304~313)澳大利亚地区8个MGEX测站连续10 d观测数据进行质量分析;然后使用改进的GAMIT10.76软件对观测数据进行长基线相对定位解算;最后评估bDS-3和GPS不同频点信号组合数据质量和双频无电离层线性组合基线解算,以及网平差的精度。试验结果表明,b1C/b2a、b1C/b2b和b1C/b3I频点信号组合数据质量、载噪比和伪距多路径误差基本相当,优于L1/L2;b1C/b2a的标准化均方根(NRMS)略优于b1C/b2b和L1/L2,显著优于b1C/b3I;b1C/b2a和b1C/b2b模糊度固定率基本相当,显著优于b1C/b3I,差于L1/L2。试验结果进一步表明,b1C/b2a相对于b1C/b3I的基线分量东(E)、北(N)和天顶(U)3方向标准差(STD)均值和三维点位误差均值分别降低了29.4%、27.0%、30.0%和41.0%。

关键词：北斗三号卫星导航系统频点信号数据质量相对定位

Understanding wound healing in obesity

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第1期14卷 22-32页

作者： Asha Cotterell Michelle Griffin Mauricio A Downer Jennifer b Parker Derrick Wan michael T Longaker Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCA 94301United States Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCA 94301United States Department of Surgery Stanford University School of MedicineHagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative MedicinePalo AltoCA 94301United States

Obesity has become more prevalent in the global *** is associated with the development of several diseases including diabetes mellitus,coronary heart disease,and metabolic *** are a multitude of factors impacted by obesity that may contribute to poor wound healing *** millions worldwide classified as obese,it is imperative to understand wound healing in these *** advances in the understanding of wound healing in both healthy and diabetic populations,much is unknown about wound healing in obese *** review examines the impact of obesity on wound healing and several animal models that may be used to broaden our understanding in this *** a growing portion of the population identifies as obese,understanding the underlying mechanisms and how to overcome poor wound healing is of the utmost importance.

关键词： Obesity Wound healing Adipokines Tissue fibrosis Diabetes Preclinical animal models Hypertrophic skin scarring Wound tension Metabolic syndrome