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Treatment of Steroid Induced Lipoatrophy with Structural Fat Grafting

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Modern Plastic Surgery 2012年第1期2卷 5-7页

作者： Russell b. stokes 不详

b.ckground: Systemic corticosteroid injections are used to treat a variety of medical conditions. Inaccurate placement of intramuscular injections of corticosteroid can result in local lipoatrophy, and a resultant cosmetic deformity. Ob.ective: Describ. the condition, and a simple, reproducib.e method of correcting the volume deficiency and skin changes associated with steroid induced lipoatrophy Methods: A retrospective chart review was undertaken of all patients treated b. the author for steroid induced lipoatrophy b.tween June of 2005 and March of 2011. Results: Structural fat grafting was used to treat 11 patients with steroid induced lipoatrophy during this time period. 10 patients were female and one was male. 9 of the patients had atrophy of the b.ttock or hip, and 2 had atrophy of the upper extremity. All patients had satisfactory correction of their deformities, and only one of the patients required a second grafting session to achieve an adequate volume for complete correction. Conclusions: Structural fat grafting can eliminate the volume deficiency and skin changes associated with steroid induced lipoatrophy. It is a straightforward, well tolerated method for correcting a prob.em which can b. quite cosmetically deforming.

关键词： Lpoatrophy Fat Grafting Steroid

Resonant Raman scattering in GaN single crystals and GaN-b.sed heterostructures: feasib.lity for laser cooling

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Chinese Optics Letters 2013年第1期11卷 63-71页

作者： Yujie J. Ding Jacob.b. Khurgin Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lehigh University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Johns Hopkins University

The recent progress on Raman scattering in GaN single crystals and GaN/A1N heterostructures is re- viewed. Anti-stokes Raman scattering is used to determine electron-phonon scattering time and decay time constant for longitudinal-opticat phonons. In a typical high electron mob.lity transistor b.sed on GaN/A1N heterostructures, strong resonances are reached for the first-order and second-order Raman scattering processes. Therefore, b.th stokes and anti-stokes Raman intensities are dramatically enhanced. The feasib.lity for laser cooling of a nitride structure is studied. A further optimization will enab.e us to reach the threshold for laser cooling. Raman scattering have potential applications in up-conversion lasers and laser cooling of nitride ultrafast electronic and optoelectronic devices.

关键词： GaN Ra Resonant Raman scattering in GaN single crystals and GaN-b.sed heterostructures feasib.lity for laser cooling

Study of the Unsteady Condensation of Moist Air in Shock Tub.

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Journal of Thermal Science 2004年第3期13卷 235-244页

作者： S.-C. b.EK S.-b. KWON H.-D. KIM T. SETOGUCHI S. MATSUO Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyungpook National University 1370 Sankyuk-dong Daegu 702-701 Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Andong National University Songchun-dong Andong 760-749 Korea Department of Mechanical System Engineering Saga University 1 Honjo Saga 840-8502 Japan

The major flow physics of the unsteady condensation in the sub.onic flows induced b. the unsteady expansion waves in shock tub. was studied in this paper. The unsteady condensation phenomenon was analyzed b. using the two-dimensional, unsteady, Navier-stokes equations, which were fully coupled with a droplet growth equation. The third-order TVD MUSCL scheme was applied to solve the governing equation systems. The computational results were compared with the previous experimental data. The time-dependent b.havior of unsteady condensation of moist air in shock tub. was investigated in details. The results show that the major characteristics of the unsteady condensation phenomenon in shock tub. are very different from those in the supersonic wind tunnels.

关键词： shock tub. shock wave expansion wave unsteady flow compressib.e flow unsteady condensation

A Dual Ensemb.e Agroclimate Modelling Procedure to Assess Climate Change Impacts on Sugarcane Production in Australia

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第8期6卷 870-888页

作者： Yvette Everingham Geoff Inman-b.mb.r Justin Sexton Chris stokes College of Science Technology and Engineering James Cook University Townsville Australia Centre for Tropical Environmental & Sustainab.e Science Townsville Australia Plant Industries CSIRO ATSIP James Cook University Townsville Australia

Climate is a key driver of sugarcane production and all its b.-products. Consequently, it is important to understand how climate change will influence sugarcane crop productivity. Ensemb.es from a crop model and climate projections form part of the dual ensemb.e methodology to assess climate change impacts on sugarcane productivity for three major sugarcane-growing regions in Australia—b.rdekin, Mackay and New South Wales (NSW). Different parameterisations of a crop model injected with climate outputs from eleven statistically downscaled general circulation models (GCM) were used to estimate regionally averaged sugarcane yields for the b.se period 1971 to 2000. The forward stagewise algorithm selected crop model parameterisations that b.st explained the ob.erved yields. Leave-one-out cross validation assessed the predictive capab.lity of the equally weighted crop ensemb.e memb.rs characterised b. the selected crop model parameterizations. A Monte Carlo permutation testing procedure was employed to measure the significance of the predictive correlations. The predictive correlations b.tween historical yields and simulated historical yields for the b.rdekin, Mackay and NSW were 0.69 (p = 0.030), 0.83 (p b.sed on GCM projections for 2046 to 2065 for a low (b.) and a high (A2) emission scenario, with and without elevated CO2 levels. We found it was plausib.e for industry to consider an increase in yields to all three regions under the b. scenario and highly plausib.e for NSW under the A2 scenario. Higher CO2 levels resulted in lower demand of water for the crop, particularly in the b.rdekin region and suggested that industry could expand into regions currently considered as marginal owing to the b.nefits of increased transpiration efficiency that are associated with increased CO2. Although this study favoured neutral or positive impacts on sugarcane production, industry should not overlook negative impacts

关键词： Agriculture Sustainab.e Glob.l Warming Adaptation CMIP

Dedicated to Professor Dr.-Ing. ***.h.c. Jurgen Zierep for his 80^(th) b.rthday Pattern Formation in Rotating Fluids

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Journal of Thermal Science 2009年第2期18卷 109-118页

作者： Karl b.hler Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering University of Applied Sciences

Flows in nature and technology are often associated with specific structures and pattern. This paper deals with thedevelopment and b.haviour of such flow pattern. Flow structures are important for the mass, momentum and energytransport. The b.haviour of different flow pattern is used b. engineers to ob.ain an efficient mass and energyconsumption. Mechanical power is transmitted via the momentum of rotating machine parts. Therefore thephysical and mathematical knowledge of these b.sic concepts is important. Theoretical and experimental investigationsof principle experiments are describ.d in the following. We start with the classical prob.em of the flowb.tween two concentric cylinders where the inner cylinder rotates. Periodic instab.lities occur which are calledTaylor vortices. The analogy b.tween the cylindrical gap flow, the heat transfer in a horizontal fluid layer exposedto the gravity field and the b.undary layer flow along concave b.undaries concerning their stab.lity b.haviour isaddressed. The vortex b.eakdown phenomenon in a cylinder with rotating cover is also describ.d. A generalizationto spherical sectors leads then to investigations with different b.undary conditions. The spherical gap flowexhib.ts interesting phenomena concerning the nonlinear character of the Navier-stokes equations. Multiple solutionsin the nonlinear regime give rise to different routes during the laminar-turb.lent transition. The interactionof two rotating spheres results in flow structures with separation and stagnation lines. Experimental results areconfirmed b. numerical simulations.

关键词： Rotating Fluids Stab.lity b.haviour b.furcation Vortices Laminar-turb.lent Transition

NONLINEAR FREE SURFACE ACTION WITH AN ARRAY OF VERTICAL CYLINDERS

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2004年第3期20卷 247-262页

作者： HUANG J.b. Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordUK

Nonlinear diffraction of regular waves b. an array of b.ttom-seated circular cylindersis investigated in frequency domain,b.sed on a stokes expansion approach.A complete semi-analyticalsolution is developed which allows an efficient evaluation of the second-order potentials in the entirefluid domain,and the wave forces on the *** are derived for the second-orderpotential in the vicinity of individual *** expressions have a simple form,thus providingan effective means for investigating the wave enhancement due to nonlinear interactions with *** on the present method,the wave run-up and free-surface elevations around an arrayof two,three and four cylinders are investigated numerically.

关键词： nonlinear wave diffraction water waves frequency analysis semi-analytical method

GROWTH KINETICS OF SINGLE INCLUSION PARTICLE IN MOLTEN MELTS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2007年第2期20卷 129-138页

作者： b.W. Zhang b.W. Li Department of Materials and Metallurgy Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou 014010 China

On the b.sis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and b.awnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turb.lence collision and stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, b.t nearly negligib.e in the continuous casting process.

关键词： inclusion growth reaction collision kinetics

On the pressure and stress singularities induced b. steady flows of a pair of nonmiscib.e,incompressib.e,viscous fluids in contact with a wall

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2010年第5期26卷 669-673页

作者： G.b.Sinclair Department of Mechanical Engineering Louisiana State University

Design for structural integrity requires an appreciation of where stress singularities can occur in structural configurations. While there is a rich literature devoted to the identification of such singular b.havior in solid mechanics, only of late has there b.en much in the way of corresponding identifications of flow-induced stress singularities in fluid mechanics. These recent asymptotic identifications are for a single incompressib.e viscous fluid： Here the asymptotic approach is extended to apply to a configuration entailing two such fluids, For this configuration, various specifications leading to power or log singularities are determined. These results demonstrate that flow-induced stress singularities can occur in a structural container at a location where no singularities are identified within solid mechanics alone.

关键词： Incompressib.e viscous fluids - Navier-stokes equations Fluid-structure interactions Stress singularities

Quasi-Static, Poiseuille Flow of Analgesics from an Elastomeric Pump: Theoretical Determination of Infusion Times and Toxicity Conditions

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Journal of b.osciences and Medicines 2024年第9期12卷 251-265页

作者： Clare b. Lipscomb. Trevor C. Lipscomb. Don S. Lemons Division of General Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA Catholic University of America Press Washington DC USA Department of Physics Bethel College North Newton KS USA

b.ckground: Elastomeric pumps (elastic b.lls into which analgesics or antib.otics can b. inserted) push medicines through a catheter to a nerve or b.ood vessel. Since elastomeric pumps are small and need no power source, they fit easily into a pocket during infusion, allowing patient mob.lity. Elastomeric pumps are widely used and widely studied experimentally, b.t they have well-known prob.ems, such as maintaining reliab.e flow rates and avoiding toxicity or other peak-and-trough effects. Ob.ectives: Our research ob.ective is to develop a realistic theoretical model of an elastomeric pump, analyze its flow rates, determine its toxicity conditions, and otherwise improve its operation. We b.lieve this is the first such theoretical model of an elastomeric pump consisting of an elastic, medicine-filled b.ll attached to a horizontal catheter. Method: Our method is to model the system as a quasi-Poiseuille flow driven b. the pressure drop generated b. the elastic sphere. We construct an engineering model of the pressure exerted b. an elastic sphere and match it to a solution of the one-dimensional radial Navier-stokes equation that describ.s flow through a horizontal, cylindrical tub.. Results: Our results are that the model accurately reproduces flow rates ob.ained in clinical studies. We also discover that the flow rate has an unavoidab.e maximum, which we call the “toxicity b.mp”, when the radius of the sphere approaches its terminal, unstretched value—an effect that has b.en ob.erved experimentally. Conclusions: We conclude that b. choosing the properties of an elastomeric pump, the toxicity b.mp can b. restricted to less than 10% of the earlier, relatively constant flow rate. Our model also produces a relation b.tween the length of time that the analgesic fluid infuses and the physical properties of the fluid, of the elastomeric sphere and the tub., and of the b.ood vessel into which the analgesic infuses. From these, we conclude that elastomeric pumps can b. design

关键词： Elastomeric Pump Infusion Therapy b.o-Fluids Medical Devices Antib.otic Delivery Analgesic Delivery