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Within-day travel speed pattern unsupervised classification——A data driven case study of the State of Alabama during the COVID-19 pandemic

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2021年第2期8卷 170-185页

作者： Niloufar Shirani-bidabadi Rui Ma michael anderson Connecticut Transportation Institute University of ConnecticutStorrs-MansfieldCT 06269USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Alabama in HuntsvilleHuntsuilleAL 35899USA

Recent comparative studies on mobility patterns are emerging to describe the changes in mobility patterns due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Most of the current studies utilize travel volume per day as the critical indicator and identify the impacted period by the dates of governmental lockdown or stay-at-home orders,which however may not accurately present the actual impacted dates.The objective of this study is to provide an alternative perspective to identify the normal and pandemic-influenced daily traffic patterns.Instead of only using traffic volumes per day or assuming the impacted travel pattern began with the stay-at-home order,the methodology in this study investigates the within-day timedependent travel speed as time series,and then applies dynamic time warping algorithm and hierarchical clustering unsupervised classification methods to classify days into various groups without assuming a start date for any group.Using the state-wide travel speed data in Alabama,these study measures dissimilarities among within-day travel speed time series.By incorporating the dissimilarities/distance matrix,various agglomerative hierarchical clustering(AHC)methods(average,complete,Ward’s)are tested to conduct proper unsupervised classification.The Ward’s AHC classification results show that within-day travel speed pattern in Alabama shifted more than two weeks before the issuance of the State stay-at-home order.The results further show that a new travel speed pattern appears at the end of stay-at-home order,which is different from either the normal pattern before the pandemic or the initial pandemic-influenced pattern,which leads to a conclusion that a’new normal’within-day travel pattern emerges.

关键词： COVID-19 Within-day traffic dynamics Dynamic time warping Hierarchical clustering Unsupervised classification

Recurrent lymphoma presenting as painless, chronic intussusception: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第2期8卷 306-312页

作者： Parker Giroux anderson Collier michael Nowicki Department of Pediatrics University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS 39216United States Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS 39216United States Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS 39216United States

BACKGROUND The clinical presentation of acute lymphoblastic lymphoma is highly varied.While prognosis is good, recurrence of disease can occur. Gastrointestinal relapse, including intussusception, is well-described but the absence of abdominal pain in this setting is rare.CASE SUMMARY We report a 13-year-old male with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission presenting with anemia and weight loss. Examination was significant for absence of abdominal pain, but a stool sample was positive for occult blood. Pan-endoscopy was performed with colonoscopy revealing a mass filling the colonic lumen. Biopsy of the mass confirmed recurrence of recurrent Bcell lymphoma. Computed tomography scan revealed ileocolic intussusception resulting from the tumor. This case is unusual in that the patient had no abdominal pain despite the presence of intussusception.CONCLUSION While intestinal involvement with lymphoma has been well described in the literature, presentation as painless intussusception has not been reported. This case report highlights the wide spectrum of clinical manifestations of recurrent Bcell lymphoma involving the gastrointestinal tract, in particular the near absence of symptoms despite the finding of intussusception.

关键词： B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia Tumor relapse Intussusception Case report Anemia

Regulation of antitumor immunity by inflammation-induced epigenetic alterations

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第1期19卷 59-66页

作者： michael Karin Shabnam Shalapour Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction Department of PharmacologySchool of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Department of Cancer Biology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA

Chronic inflammation promotes tumor development,progression,and metastatic dissemination and causes treatment resistance.The accumulation of genetic alterations and loss of normal cellular regulatory processes are not only associated with cancer growth and progression but also result in the expression of tumor-specific and tumor-associated antigens that may activate antitumor immunity.This antagonism between inflammation and immunity and the ability of cancer cells to avoid immune detection affect the course of cancer development and treatment outcomes.While inflammation,particularly acute inflammation,supports T-cell priming,activation,and infiltration into infected tissues,chronic inflammation is mostly immunosuppressive.However,the main mechanisms that dictate the outcome of the inflammation-immunity interplay are not well understood.Recent data suggest that inflammation triggers epigenetic alterations in cancer cells and components of the tumor microenvironment.These alterations can affect and modulate numerous aspects of cancer development,including tumor growth,the metabolic state,metastatic spread,immune escape,and immunosuppressive or immunosupportive leukocyte generation.In this review,we discuss the role of inflammation in initiating epigenetic alterations in immune cells,cancer-associated fibroblasts,and cancer cells and suggest how and when epigenetic interventions can be combined with immunotherapies to improve therapeutic outcomes.

关键词： Inflammation Epigenetics Antitumor immunity Immunotherapy

Age as a predictor of clinical outcomes and determinant of therapeutic measures for emergency medical services treated cardiogenic shock

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2023年第1期20卷 1-10页

作者： Xiaoman Xiao Jason E Bloom Emily Andrew Luke P Dawson Ziad Nehme michael Stephenson David anderson Himawan Fernando Samer Noaman Shelley Cox William Chan David M Kaye Karen Smith Dion Stub Department of Cardiology Alfred Health55 Commercial RoadMelbourneAustralia Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute 75 Commercial RoadMelbourneAustralia Department of Cardiology Western HealthFurlong RoadSt AlbansAustralia Ambulance Victoria 31 Joseph StreetBlackburnAustralia School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University553 St Kilda RoadMelbourneAustralia Department of Paramedicine Monash UniversityMcMahons RoadFrankstonAustralia

BACKGROUND The impact of age on outcomes in cardiogenic shock(CS)is poorly described in the pre-hospital setting.We assessed the impact of age on outcomes of patients treated by emergency medical services(EMS).METHODS This population-based cohort study included consecutive adult patients with CS transported to hospital by EMS.Successfully linked patients were stratified into tertiles by age(18-63,64-77,and>77 years).Predictors of 30-day mortality were assessed through regression analyses.The primary outcome was 30-day all-cause mortality.RESULTS A total of 3523 patients with CS were successfully linked to state health records.The average age was 68±16 years and 1398(40%)were female.Older patients were more likely to have comorbidities including pre-existing coronary artery disease,hypertension,dyslipidemia,diabetes mellitus,and cerebrovascular disease.The incidence of CS was significantly greater with increasing age(incidence rate per 100,000 person years 6.47[95%CI:6.1-6.8]in age 18-63 years,34.34[32.4-36.4]in age 64-77 years,74.87[70.6-79.3]in age>77 years,P77 years had increased risk of 30-day mortality(adjusted hazard ratio=2.26[95%CI:1.96-2.60]).Older patients were less likely to receive inpatient coronary angiography.CONCLUSION Older patients with EMS-treated CS have significantly higher rates of short-term mortality.The reduced rates of invasive interventions in older patients underscore the need for further development of systems of care to improve outcomes for this patient group.

关键词： assessed services shock

Development of environmental niche models for use in underwater vehicle navigation

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IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 2020年第2期2卷 67-77页

作者： michael Fitzpatrick Gregory MReis Jacob anderson Leonardo Bobadilla Wesam Al Sabban Ryan NSmith Physics&Engineering Fort Lewis CollegeDurangoCOUSA Computer Science Oregon State UniversityCorvalisORUSA Computer Science Florida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA Computer&Information Systems Umm Al Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia

This paper presents a review of Environmental Niche Modeling and a methodology for isolating the environmental niche of an aquatic species,given that prior information is available for characterising the physical tolerances for that species.To test and demonstrate our methodology,the environmental niche of the kelp bass has been isolated within Big Fisherman's Cove,Santa Catalina Island,CA,at specific confidence intervals.The motivation for this examination is to demonstrate the utility of ecological analysis in Robotics.Specifically,the utilisation of physical water properties to provide relative navigation and localisation for an aquatic robot.The environmental niches act as navigational landmarks in the seemingly featureless underwater environment.As water patches tend to stick together,this provides persistent landmarks for use in aquatic navigation problems.We provide the background and development of Environmental Niche Models,and present results from field trials for solving the navigation and localisation problem for underwater vehicles.Specifically,we provide results from a technique developed by the authors that utilises physical water parameters,e.g.,temperature,salinity,chlorophyll,etc.,to localise an underwater vehicle in a given region.The presented method leverages the concept of Environmental Niche Models to provide accurate position estimation that rivals GPS accuracy.

关键词： underwater estimation salinity

Formation of regulated and unregulated disinfection byproducts during chlorination and chloramination: Roles of dissolved organic matter type, bromide, and iodide

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 151-160页

作者： Yunsi Liu Keqiang Liu michael J.Plewa Tanju Karanfil Chao Liu Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Water Conservancy Development Research Center Taihu Basin AuthorityMinistry of Water ResourcesShanghai 200433China Department of Crop Sciences and the Safe Global Water InstituteUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences Clemson UniversityAndersonSC 29625USA

Algal blooms and wastewater effluents can introduce algal organic matter(AOM) and effluent organic matter(Ef OM) into surface waters, respectively. In this study, the impact of bromide and iodide on the formation of halogenated disinfection byproducts(DBPs) during chlorination and chloramination from various types of dissolved organic matter(DOM, e.g., natural organic matter(NOM), AOM, and Ef OM) were investigated based on the data collected from literature. In general, higher formation of trihalomethanes(THMs) and haloacetic acids(HAAs) was observed in NOM than AOM and Ef OM, indicating high reactivities of phenolic moieties with both chlorine and monochloramine. The formation of haloacetaldehydes(HALs), haloacetonitriles(HANs) and haloacetamides(HAMs) was much lower than THMs and HAAs. Increasing initial bromide concentrations increased the formation of THMs, HAAs, HANs, and HAMs, but not HALs. Bromine substitution factor(BSF) values of DBPs formed in chlorination decreased as specific ultraviolet absorbance(SUVA) increased. AOM favored the formation of iodinated THMs(I-THMs) during chloramination using preformed chloramines and chlorination-chloramination processes. Increasing prechlorination time can reduce the I-THM concentrations because of the conversion of iodide to iodate, but this increased the formation of chlorinated and brominated DBPs. In an analogous way, iodine substitution factor(ISF) values of I-THMs formed in chloramination decreased as SUVA values of DOM increased. Compared to chlorination, the formation of noniodinated DBPs is low in chloramination.

关键词： Disinfection byproducts Natural organic matter Algal organic matter Effluent organic matter Bromide Iodide Chlorination Chloramination

Six steps for building a technological knowledge base for future taxonomic work

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National Science Review 2022年第12期9卷 19-21页

作者： michael C.Orr anderson Feijó Douglas Chesters Alfried P.Vogler Silas Bossert Rafael R.Ferrari Mark John Costello Alice C.Hughes Lars Krogmann John S.Ascher Xin Zhou De-Zhu Li Ming Bai Jun Chen Deyan Ge Arong Luo Gexia Qiao Paul H.Williams Ai-bing Zhang Keping Ma Feng Zhang Chao-Dong Zhu Department of Entomology China Agricultural University Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Life Sciences Capital Normal University Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Entomology College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Entomologie Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart Department of Life Sciences Silwood Park Campus Imperial College London Natural History Museum Department of Entomology Washington State University Department of Entomology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture Nord University School of Biological Sciences University of Hong Kong Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore

Species are the principal category we use to study,understand,and conserve the natural world,so how we define species has a cascading impact across fields,well beyond biology [1].Despite such importance,debate on species concepts continues to this day ([2] 2020),with consequences for what organisms we recognize,study and protect.Given the wealth of life forms on our planet,

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Trends of seasonal forage yield changes of triticale in the southern Great Plains of the United States

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Grassland Research 2022年第3期1卷 166-173页

作者： Tadele T.Kumssa Joshua D.anderson James P.Johnson Shawn Norton Malay C.Saha michael A.Trammell James K.Rogers Twain J.Butler Xue-Feng Ma Noble Research Institute ArdmoreOklahomaUSA University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIllinoisUSA Oklahoma State University ShawneeOklahomaUSA Forage Genetics International West SalemWisconsinUSA

Background:The focus of triticale breeding in the southern Great Plains of the United States has been to increase forage yield for autumn-winter seasons when most other forage species are dormant.This study aims to estimate the trends of seasonal yield changes over time.Methods:Yield trials had been conducted in a randomized complete block design for up to two decades.Seasonal yield changes over time were estimated using linear regression analysis.Results:The analysis revealed a significant positive relation between autumn forage yield(relative to common checks)and calendar years when the trials were conducted.The estimated improvement of autumn forage yield was about 1.9%per year on medium and heavy soil at Ardmore,Oklahoma,and about 5.4%per year on light soil at Burneyville,Oklahoma.However,winter forage yield change was minimal and the spring forage yield increase was negative,although this decline was not significant.Total forage yield improvements were about 0.6%and 0.7%per year at Ardmore and Burneyville,respectively.Similar results were also observed when years of cultivars'introduction were used instead.Conclusions:The results indicate a significant gain in autumn forage yield,but a minor gain in the total forage yield due to the yield tradeoff between the autumn and spring seasons.

关键词： cultivar improvement forage yield grazing tolerance regrowth triticale

Psychosocial factors and their association with reflux oesophagitis,Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第11期19卷 1770-1777页

作者： Paul Denver michael Donnelly Liam J Murray Lesley A anderson Centre for Public Health Queen's University BelfastBelfast BT12 6BJNorthern IrelandUnited Kingdom

AIM:To investigate the role of psychological characteristics as risk factors for oesophageal adenocarcinoma(OAC),as well as the reflux-mediated precursor pathway.METHODS:An all-Ireland population-based case-control study recruited 230 reflux oesophagitis(RO),224 Barrett's oesophagus(BO) and 227 OAC patients and 260 controls.Each case/control group completed measures of stress,depression,self-efficacy,self-esteem,repression and social support.A comparative analysis was undertaken using polytomous logistic regression adjusted for potential confounders.RESULTS:Compared to controls,OAC patients were almost half as likely to report high stress levels over their lifetime(P = 0.010,OR 0.51;95%CI:0.29-0.90)and 36% less likely to report having experienced depression(OR 0.64;95%CI:0.42-0.98).RO patients reported significantly higher stress than controls particularly during middle-and senior-years(P for trends < 0.001).RO patients were 37% less likely to report having been highly emotionally repressed(OR 0.63;95%CI:0.41-0.95).All case groups(OAC,RO and BO) were more likely than controls to report having had substantial amounts of social support(OR 2.84;95%CI:1.63-4.97;OR 1.97;95%CI:1.13-3.44 and OR 1.83;95%CI:1.03-3.24,respectively).CONCLUSION:The improved psychological profile of OAC patients may be explained by response shift.The role of psychological factors in the development of OAC requires further investigation.

关键词： Reflux oesophagitis Barrett’s oesophagus Oesophageal adenocarcinoma Adjustment Psychological Psychosocial factors