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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2019年第12期7卷 73-85页

作者： Akwasi acheampong Aning Vandycke Sarpong Asare David Dotse Wemegah Reginald Mensah Noye Kwasi Preko Sylvester Kojo Danuor Department of Physics Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

The discovery of oil in commercial quantity in Ghana has led to increase in infrastructural development to provide the needed services to the oil industry. The siting of these industries requires the characterization of the subsurface to determine its suitability to host these facilities. It is in this line that seismic refraction and geo-electrical surveys were conducted on a site near Takoradi, Ghana that has been planned to host a generator and its appurtenances for the oil industry. The objective of the survey was to provide subsurface information critical for the design of earthing system for the proposed generator plant and its appurtenances. The ABEM SAS4000 Terrameter with the Lund imaging system and a 24-channel ABEM Terraloc MK6 were respectively used for the electrical and seismic refraction data collection. The seismic refraction and resistivity results identify three lithological units namely, dry gravel, sand and silty clay layer, water saturated sand and silty clay layer and granodiorites basement rocks. The first layer has a thickness of 10 m and the second layer with thickness in the range of 5 to 10 m. The lithological classifications as obtained from these results correlate with the drill logs. Electrical grounding will be suitable at a depth of 10 m beneath resistivity profile two at a distance between 32 to 52 m.

关键词： Electrical Resistivity Tomography Seismic Refraction Borehole Subsurface Mapping

Expectations of Caregivers of Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate Attending the Cleft Clinic of KATH for the First Time

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Surgical Science 2022年第10期13卷 449-459页

作者： Emile Kouakou Tano Priscilla Felicia Tano Paa Ekow Hoyte-Williams Alexander Oti acheampong Peter Donkor Solomon Obiri Yeboah Department of Surgery Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Background: Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is one of the most prevalent congenital malformations affecting the face worldwide, with high prevalence in Asians, Americans, and Caucasians and low in Africans. Orofacial Clefts (OFCs) are among the causes of perinatal death in Ghana. The children often experience difficulties in swallowing, feeding, and speaking. These children often face problems in cognition, education, and communication. Caregivers’ ignorance of treatment, poverty, and noncompliance with follow-up schedules are obstacles to optimal cleft care. Most studies focus on the incidence of cleft, but not much is known about caregivers’ expectations. Methodology: An exploratory qualitative study design was used for this research between October and November 2020. The study site was the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, (KATH), Kumasi, Ghana. The respondents were recruited from the oral health clinic. Included in the study were all CLP caregivers attending the cleft clinic for the first time. Purposive sampling was used to select fifteen caregivers who met the inclusion criteria. Face-to-face interviews with a semi-structured interview guide were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using NVivo software. Three major themes and six sub-themes emerged from the data analysis using thematic analysis. Ethical clearance was obtained for data collection. Results: Most caregivers were expecting their babies to be operated on, and they were certain that the cleft would be repaired at the end of the treatment, but they were unfamiliar with the process and cost of treatment. Less than half of the caregivers reported that they were oblivious to what to expect the first time visiting but had hopes that the healthcare professionals would be able to close the cleft for their babies. Conclusion: The majority of the caregivers expressed fear and disappointment at the diagnosis of their child. Some caregivers were very scared to the level where they had to hide the babies from

关键词： Cleft Lip and Palate Caregivers Congenital Abnormalities Malformation

The Oral Health Status of Person with Special Needs in Kumasi

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2024年第1期14卷 14-31页

作者： Ama Agyeibea Amuasi Alexander Oti-acheampong Victoria N. A. Boadu Lord J. J. Gowans The Department Child Oral Health & Orthodontics School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana The Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Sciences School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana The Department of Community Dentistry School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Background: The most prevalent non-communicable disease worldwide is oral health-related disease, with dental caries and periodontal conditions being common. Oral health status significantly impacts overall health and quality of life. Barriers to dental care affect children with special needs. This study evaluates the oral health status and treatment requirements of people with special needs. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study in Kumasi, Ghana examined oral health status among people, 121 children with special needs over two months, in June-July 2022. Dental caries, periodontal changes, malocclusion, and trauma were assessed. The data was analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Results: The oral health status among people with special needs in this study was generally moderate, with a range from very good to very poor. The prevalence of dental caries was 37%, with a mean DMFT score of 2.82. Periodontal health showed unsatisfactory indicators such as mobile teeth, poor gingival health, high plaque scores, and the presence of halitosis. Conclusion: This descriptive study aimed to provide baseline data on the oral health status of special needs students in Kumasi, addressing the lack of knowledge in this area. It highlighted the importance of dental care in maintaining good oral health and overall well-being in individuals with special needs. Coordinated efforts by dental professionals are needed to provide dental health education and preventive interventions for these children.

关键词： Special Needs Oral Health Dental Caries Periodontal Diseases Malocclusion

Bacteriology and Antibiotic Sensibility Associated with Extracted Carious Teeth: A Cross Sectional Study at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2020年第5期10卷 87-96页

作者： Ama Agyeibea Amuasi Alexander Oti acheampong Collins Kokuro Alex Ofori Kpedekpo Yayra Joseph Abu-Sakyi Francis Adu-Ababio School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Background: Many oral bacterial species forming the normal flora present as a biofilm in the oral cavity. Dental caries results when there is an imbalance of pathogenic bacteria within these biofilms. Aim: This study sought to isolate and identify the bacterial species associated with extracted carious teeth and their susceptibility pattern towards commonly employed antimicrobial agents used at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH). Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study carried out on thirty-three extracted carious teeth samples collected by convenient sampling from patients attending the Oral Health Directorate-KATH. All samples were collected from the 11th of March 2019 to the 6th of April 2019. Data was collected using 5 ml peptone water and a case study form. Analysis was done using SPSS version 25 and Microsoft Excel version 10. Results: Twenty (61%) samples were obtained from female patients and thirteen samples (39%) from male patients. Streptococcus spp had the highest occurrence (32.25%) with the least isolated being Pseudomonas and E. coli spp (6.45%). Antibiotic susceptibility test revealed Pseudomonas spp was resistant to all the eight antibiotics used in this study. All bacterial isolates were resistant to Cefuroxime and penicillin except Staphylococcus and Streptococcus spp. Conclusion: The commonest isolates associated with dental caries in KATH were Streptococcus, Bacillus and Staphylococcus spp. In this study most of the isolated species were resistant to common antibiotics employed in the Oral Health Directorate in KATH (amoxicillin/clavulanic, ampicillin and penicillin). From the current study the most effective antibiotic observed was meropenem (23%) with penicillin (3%) being least effective in treating infections of caries.

关键词： Caries Bacteria Teeth Antibiotic Resistance

Evaluation of the Golden Proportion in Patients Visiting the Oral Health Directorate of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第8期8卷 116-126页

作者： Ama Agyeibea Amuasi Alexander Oti acheampong Shadrack Owusu Robert Larmie Daniel K. Sabbah Angela-Ruth Buabeng David Edem Dompey School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana The Greater Accra Regional Hospital Ridge Ghana

Background: Aesthetics is a primary consideration for patients seeking dental treatment. The size and shape of the maxillary anterior teeth have significant effects not only on the dental aesthetics, but also on the complete facial aesthetics of a person. To satisfy this expressed need, the “Golden Proportion” is a numerical value that is used as a rule in achieving dental aesthetics. In the last two decades, several studies have questioned the application of this rule in dentistry. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the presence of “The Golden Proportion in the maxillary anterior teeth widths of clients visiting the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital’s (KATH) Oral Health Directorate, Kumasi”. Materials and methods: A total of 100 dentulous subjects comprised of 50 males and 50 females, with ages ranging between 18 and 37 years were chosen using convenience sampling. Their dental casts were evaluated for apparent width by digital calliper. Results: The results of the study were expressed in relation to gender and tooth laterality. The results revealed that the golden proportion existed in 14% and 20% for the left and right respectively between the central incisor and the lateral incisor for males, 12% and 16% respectively for the left and right sides of females, 8% and 20% for the left and right sides respectively for males between the lateral incisor and canine and 16% and 20% for the left and right respectively for females. Conclusion: Comparison of our results with the established golden value shows differences between 1.618 and from the range that was acquired from this study. The results suggest that the rule of the golden proportion should not be strictly applied when restoring anterior teeth of patients in the dental clinic.

关键词： Golden Proportion Dental Cast Analysis Smile Aesthetics

Maxillofacial Injuries at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana: A Preliminary Study

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2021年第3期11卷 133-147页

作者： Solomon Obiri-Yeboah Robert Nii Lamy Larmie Nana Tuffour Ampem Gyimah Alexander Oti acheampong Elijah Asomaoh Peter Donkor School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Background: The aetiology and pattern of maxillofacail injuries vary in different parts of the world and even the same country. The purpose of the study was to determine the epidemiology of maxillofacial injuries at a tertiary Hospital in Ghana. Methodology: This is a six-month (January to June 2015) prospective study. Information on age, sex, aetiology, injury type etc. was collected using a specialized design data collection form. Data was analyzed using the SPSS 17th version. Ethical approval was obtained. Result: The total study sample was 111 with a male to female ratio of 2.5:1. Majority (34.2%) were within the ages of 21 to 30 years. Majority of the victims were urban dwellers. Most of the injuries occurred on the highway (42.3%) and in the evening (35.2%). Only a small percentage (5.4%) of the road traffic crashes (RTC) victims were in some form of protection. Twenty-one (18.9%) of the injuries were intentional, of which 18 (85.7%) were assault. The commonest maxillofacial injury was a combination of soft and hard tissues 72 (64.7%). The commonest cause of maxillofacial soft tissue injuries was RTC, 72.8%. Laceration (55.6%) was the most common soft tissue injury recorded. Mandibular fractures constituted the commonest hard tissue injuries. Conclusion: This study has shown that road traffic crashes are the most common cause of injuries to the maxillofacial region. The mandible is the most frequent site of fracture, while the commonest soft tissue injury is laceration. Majority of the victims were young energetic males and adherence to road traffic regulations was very low.

关键词： Maxillofacial Injury Road Traffic Crush Mandibular Le Forte Fracture

Comparison of the Cost of Co-Production of Power and Desalinated Water from Different Power Cycles

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Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第1期5卷 26-35页

作者： P. Asiedu-Boateng B. J. B. Nyarko S. Yamoah F. Ameyaw K. Tuffour-acheampong Graduate School of Nuclear & Allied Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana National Nuclear Research Institute Ghana Atomic Energy Commission Accra Ghana

The worldwide demand for portable water is steadily growing due to population, industrial and agricultural growth, the result is water shortages that are already reaching serious proportions in many parts of the world. This is particularly true in Ghana where there is an increasing reliance on bottled water due to shortage of safe, fresh drinking water. Nuclear and conventional co-production of electricity and portable water has been identified as key solution to the perennial water shortages in coastal towns in Ghana. A reliable desalination cost date catering for site-specific condition in Ghana is required for policy makers, planners, consultants, process engineers, plant suppliers and researchers. This present paper is aims comparing the cost of co-production of power and portable water using reverse osmosis (RO) plant coupled with both nuclear and fossil power plant operating under different cycles using the desalination economic evaluation programme (DEEP4.0) developed by the international atomic energy agency (IAEA). The study concentrates on conditions of seawater in Accra, Ghana. Results show that co-production nuclear power plant operating on steam cycle can be the most economic among a number of power-water production options.

关键词： Cogeneration Power Desalination Economic Comparison

MICA脱落与肿瘤免疫逃逸:肿瘤免疫治疗新靶标和新策略

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药学进展 2014年第12期38卷 905-909页

作者：赵欣 acheampong D.O. 张娟王旻中国药科大学天然药物活性物质与功能国家重点实验室江苏南京210009

MHCⅠ类链相关分子(MICA)是自然杀伤细胞和T细胞上NKG2D受体的主要活化性配体,在上皮源性肿瘤细胞表面过表达。NKG2D与MICA的结合可有效刺激效应细胞对肿瘤细胞的细胞毒作用。然而,临床观察表明,MICA会在肿瘤的增殖过程中脱落而形成可溶... 详细信息

MHCⅠ类链相关分子(MICA)是自然杀伤细胞和T细胞上NKG2D受体的主要活化性配体,在上皮源性肿瘤细胞表面过表达。NKG2D与MICA的结合可有效刺激效应细胞对肿瘤细胞的细胞毒作用。然而,临床观察表明,MICA会在肿瘤的增殖过程中脱落而形成可溶性MICA(s MICA),这被认为是肿瘤细胞逃脱NKG2D介导的免疫监视的重要原因。综述在肿瘤细胞中MICA和NKG2D的表达与功能、s MICA的形成与肿瘤免疫逃逸的关联以及介导MICA脱落的机制,由此探讨肿瘤免疫治疗的新靶点和新策略。

关键词： MHCⅠ类链相关分子 NKG2D受体 MICA脱落肿瘤细胞自然杀伤细胞免疫逃逸药物靶点

Evaluating Residual Dentine Thickness Cervically Following Various Anterior Crown Preparations for Zirconia Full Coverage Single Crowns: An in Vitro Analysis

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2023年第11期13卷 403-413页

作者： Nana Frimpomah Adu-Ampomah Patrick Caldicock Ampofo Anno Nyako Sandra Hewlett Alexander Oti acheampong Gladia Toledo Mayari Yabang Ruby Goka Stephen Ankoh Dental Department Adabraka Polyclinic Accra Ghana Dental School University of Ghana Accra Ghana Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Background: A reduced residual dentine thickness following crown preparation has a conceivable impact on pulp degeneration by increasing the pulp’s susceptibility to injury. In crown preparations, three different finishing lines are used. These are shoulder, chamfer, and knife edge. Each with its comparative advantages and disadvantages. There is inadequate scientific evidence on which of these finishing lines will leave the most amount of residual dentine, after standard crown preparations on mandibular incisors and maxillary lateral incisors to preserve their pulpal health. Objective: To evaluate residual dentine thickness following various cervical finishing lines of anterior crown preparations for zirconia full coverage. Materials and Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted from September 2nd to November 5th, 2022, using mandibular incisors and maxillary laterals extracted from individuals between ages 18 to 30. Each of the three groups of teeth was randomly divided into three cervical margin preparations as follows: Shoulder (n = 15), chamfer (n = 15), and knife edge (n = 15). The teeth were disinfected and stored in 10% formalin. Silicone impressions followed by crown preparations were done on teeth mounted on phantom head manikins. The teeth were sectioned 0.5 mm coronal to the cemento-enamel junction using a separating disc and the mesial, distal, buccal, and lingual thickness were measured using a digital caliper. ANOVA analysis was applied to assess the difference in mean residual dentine thickness among the finishing lines and the Tukey test used for mean comparison. Results: Knife edge finishing lines had 2.05 mm of residual dentine thickness, for upper lateral incisors lingually and had an amount of 1.55 mm and 1.47 mm for lower central teeth mesially and distally respectively. Shoulder finishing lines had an amount of 0.58 mm for lower lateral incisors mesially. Interproximal areas had the least amounts of residual

关键词： Residual Dentine Thickness Cervical Finishing Margins

Mother’s of Children with Cleft Lip and/or Palate, Perception about Aetiology, Social Reaction and Treatment of Cleft

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2015年第10期3卷 98-101页

作者： Akwasi Antwi-Kusi William Addisson A. acheampong Oti Ama A. Amuasi Daniel Kwesi Sabbah Wilson Eva Bernice Joseph Abu-Sakyi Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Oral Health Directorate Kumasi Ghana Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Background: Religious, cultural beliefs and demographical differences can have a huge impact in shaping people’s reactions and attitudes toward cleft children. Myths and folk beliefs frequently accompany the birth of a child with deformities especially in Africa. Objective: Evaluate cleft mothers with cleft children attending a multidisciplinary cleft clinic at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital about their experiences on aetiology, expectation, family reaction and treatment of cleft lip and palate. Methodology: The study design was a cross-sectional study which involved consecutive mothers of cleft lip and palate children reporting to Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) Cleft clinic by using a structured questionnaire. The study period was from January to June 2013. Results: The highest recorded response (47.50%) from mothers was that their nuclear families had been supportive. The least recorded nuclear family reaction was indifferent to child’s condition (3.70%). 47.50% of mothers reported their extended family members had been supportive whereas the least recorded reaction of extended family members (1.25%) was avoidant behaviour. 52 Mothers (65%) answered that they are not mocked by members of the society whereas 28 (35%) answered they were mocked. Conclusion: The above study demonstrates that mother’s educational background was low. Some mothers still believe CL/P is caused by evil spirit even though they are in the minority. Most mothers were hopeful that their babies will have a normal life after surgery. There was high level of family support for cleft families.

关键词： Cleft Aetiology Beliefs Family Reaction