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Physico-chemical Characteristics of a Gold Mining Tailings Dam Wastewater

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2013年第8期2卷 469-475页

作者： Mike Agbesi acheampong Jackson Adiyiah Ebenezer David Okwaning Ansa Department of Chemical Engineering Kumasi Polytechnic Kumasi 854 Ghana Department of Field Operations Environmental Protection Agency Sunyani 1505 Ghana Department of Environmental Biology and Health Water Research Institute CSIR (Council for Scientific and Industrial Research) Aehimota Accra AH 38 Ghana

The study was conducted on the status of the quality of wastewater from the tailings dam of Central Africa Gold Limited in Bibiani, Ghana, to ascertain the level of contamination of the wastewater. The tailings dam stores process effluent from the gold extraction plant. Wastewater samples taken from the tailings dam were analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. Arsenic, iron and cyanide were identified as the major pollutants in the tailings dam wastewater with average concentrations of 4.5, 25.2 and 11.1 mg.L1, respectively. Arsenic, iron and free CN （cyanide） concentrations in the process effluent exceeded the Ghana EPA discharge limits of 0.2, 2 and 0.2 ***, respectively. High conductivity, total dissolved solids, sulphate and ammonium were found in the wastewater studied. The tailings dam serves as a natural reservoir that removes most of the total suspended solids and the turbidity, resulting in the improvement in the aesthetic appeal of the wastewater. Nonetheless, arsenic, iron and cyanide concentrations were still high and hence the wastewater cannot be discharged into the environment without prior treatment.

关键词： Cyanide heavy metals physico-chemical characteristics gold mine wastewater tailings dam.

Split Addition of Nitrogen-Rich Substrate at Thermophilic and Mesophilic Stages of Composting: Effect on Green House Gases Emission and Quality of Compost

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第2期14卷 133-158页

作者： Boakye acheampong Kodwo Miezah Enoch Bessah Benedicta Essel Ayamba Francis Kemausour Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering College of Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Environmental Science College of Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition Division CSIR-Soil Research Institute Kumasi Ghana The Brew-Hammond Energy Center College of Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Composting as a solution to the increasing generation of municipal solid waste (MSW), also contribute to GHGs emission when not controlled and could lack some basic nutrients, especially nitrogen. This study assessed the split-additions of nitrogen-rich substrate to composting materials and their effect on GHGs emissions as well as the quality of the composts. Nitrogen-rich substrates formulated from pig and goat manure were co-composted with MSW for a 12-weeks period by split adding at mesophilic (˚C) and thermophilic (>50˚C) stages in five different treatments. Representative samples from the compost were taken from each treatment for physicochemical, heavy metals and bacteriological analysis. In-situ CH4, CO2, N2O gas emissions were also analyzed weekly during composting. It was observed that all the treatments showed significant organic matter decomposition, reaching thermophilic temperatures in the first week of composting. The absence affects the suitable agronomic properties. All nitrogen-rich substrate applied at thermophilic stage (Treatment two) recorded the highest N, P and K concentrations of 1.34%, 0.97% and 2.45%, respectively with highest nitrogen retention. In terms of GHG emissions, CO2 was highest at the thermophilic stage when N-rich substrate was added in all treatment, while CH4 was highest in the mesophilic stage with N-rich substrate addition. N2O showed no specific trend in the treatments. Split addition of the N-rich substrate for co-composting of MSW produced compost which is stable, has less nutrient loss and low GHG emissions. Split addition of a nitrogen-rich substrate could be an option for increasing the fertilizer value of MSW compost.

关键词： Compost Nitrogen-Rich Substrate Thermophilic Mesophilic Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Stakeholders’ Compliance with Existing Construction Health and Safety Related Laws and Regulations in Ghana

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Journal of Building Construction and Planning Research 2021年第2期9卷 138-159页

作者： Dickson Osei-Asibey Joshua Ayarkwa Alex acheampong Emmanuel Adinyira Peter Amoah Department of Construction Technology and Management Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) Ku-masi Ghana

This paper explored stakeholders’ compliance with existing laws and regulations related to construction health and safety (CHS) in the Ghanaian construction industry (GCI). Qualitative research approach was adopted for the data collection, using semi-structured interview guide. An in-depth face-to-face interview based on the grounded theory approach was conducted with actors who play important roles in ensuring health and safety at the construction site as well as key officers and professionals who are the major stakeholders in the GCI. Content analysis was adopted for the analysis of the qualitative data. The findings of the study show customary laws, bye laws, Labour Act, 2003 (Act 651), Local Governance Act, 2016 (Act 936) and the contract document as the key existing CHS related laws and regulations that the stakeholders comply with. The stakeholders also identified the following construction health and safety related regulations in the GCI which have low compliance rate: Factories, Shops and Offices Act, 1974 (Act 323), Environmental Protection Act, 1994 (Act 490), among others. The findings of the research contribute to knowledge of stakeholders’ compliance with existing laws and regulations related to CHS, and underscore the need to ensure monitoring and enforce compliance in the GCI. The findings further identify areas for stakeholders to focus attention on ensuring good health and safety practices, and also expose critical training and education needs for stakeholders in the GCI. The findings provide valuable insights on stakeholders’ compliance with laws and regulations related to CHS in Ghana, which may be applicable to other developing countries with similar construction industry.

关键词： Laws Regulations Compliance Construction Health and Safety Ghana Stakeholders

Orofacial Human Bite: A Six Year Review of Cases from Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2016年第8期6卷 179-184页

作者： Alexander Oti acheampong Mohammed Duah Richard Selormey Peter Donkor Daniel Bankas Dental School Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana School of Medical Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Background: The orofacial region of the human body is usually not protected during a fight, making it prone to several injuries including human bite. Patients with human bite injury are often either intoxicated or are known to their assailant, and this makes the process of obtaining a reliable history especially about the aetiology difficult. In 2002, a study estimated the rate of infection secondary to human bite to be about 10%. Aim/Objective: The aim of the current study was to have a general overview of orofacial human bites seen at our unit including the aetiology, presentations, anatomic location, treatment and the treatment outcome. Results: Total number of cases was 127 over the six year period. Age range for females was 15 - 61 years with an average of 29.9. Age range for males was from 17 to 60 years and an average of 30.2 years. There were 31 males and 96 females, giving a male to female ratio of approximately 1:3. All of the reported cases resulted from a fight. Most of the offenders are known to the patients. Majority of the cases, except those infected at the time of presentation, were treated on the same day of presentation under local anaesthesia. Relationship of victim to the offender: Spouse/sexual partners were 21, rivals formed 70, known persons to the victim were 26 and strangers were 10. Sex distribution of offenders and victims: Females who bit females were 86 followed by females who bit males (24), males who bit females (10) and males who bit males (7). Conclusion: Most of the offenders are known to the patients. Majority of the cases, except those infected at the time of presentation, were treated on the same day of presentation under local anaesthesia after they had received antibiotics and anti-tetanus prophy-laxis. Early repair is now the recommended mode of treatment for human bites of the orofacial region, accompanied with good oral hygiene instructions and broad spectrum antibiotics and metro-nidazole.

关键词： Human Bite Orofacial Assault Lip Nose

2D Electrical Resistivity Imaging for Delineation of Crystalline Basement Aquifer in Northern Ghana

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2019年第12期7卷 102-115页

作者： Akwasi acheampong Aning Charles Kwabena Sarfo Patrick Amankwaa Mainoo Reginald Mensah Noye Department of Physics Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Water Research Institute (WRI) Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Accra Ghana

Lack of access to potable and adequate water is a major problem for sustainable development in northern Ghana. Developing groundwater resource is the best option for safe, reliable, and cost-efficient water supplies to these dispersed communities. In this study, nine 2D ERI profiles were carried out with the Schlumberger array in eight communities underlain by the crystalline basement rocks in the Bole District of the Savannah Region of Ghana. The aim was to delineate the aquifer zones and select points for groundwater extraction. Nine boreholes were drilled from the selected points. The yield was found to vary from 12 to 180 l/min with a depth range of 50 to 70 m. The weathered and fractured zones together with the bedrock topography were clearly marked. It is evident that the 2D electrical resistivity technique is useful tool in determining the availability of groundwater in weathered and fractured crystalline environment.

关键词： Electrical Resistivity Imaging Ghana Crystalline Aquifer Mapping

Salivary Gland Tumours at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana

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Surgical Science 2013年第2期4卷 135-139页

作者： Alexander acheampong Oti Peter Donkor Solomon Obiri-Yeboah Osei Afriyie-Owusu Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

In African studies on salivary gland tumours, there are considerable epidemiological differences in different parts of the continent. There is no study of salivary gland tumours from the second largest hospital in Ghana, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. Aim: This study was to look at the prevalence and demographic distribution of salivary gland tumours at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH). Method: Histopathologically diagnosed salivary gland tumours of consecutive patients were evaluated. The study duration was from 1999 to 2010 October. Result: The total number of salivary gland tumours were 121. Male to female ratio was 1.75:1. Out of the total of 34 salivary malignancies seen, male to female ratio was 1.8:1. Malignant tumour was 28.1% while 71.9% were benign. Mean age for malignancy was 53.5 years (SD = 9.7) and that for benign was 35.5 years (SD = 8.2). Conclusion: The commonest benign tumour of the parotid was Pleomorphic adenoma (48.3%) which is consistent with most of the African and western reports. Warthin’s tumour prevalence was higher than most of the studies from Africa.

关键词： Salivary Gland Pleomorphic Benign

Wastewater Quality Assessment of a Petroleum Refinery in Ghana

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2013年第9期2卷 514-520页

作者： Frederick Kobina Nkrumah Mike Agbesi acheampong Ebenezer David Okwaning Ansa Jackson Adiyiah Department of Chemical Engineering Kumasi Polytechnic Kumasi 854 Ghana CSIR Water Research Institute Aehimota Accra Ghana Department of Field Operations Environmental Protection Agency Sunyani Ghana

TOR （Tema oil refinery） is the only petroleum refinery in Ghana. To assess the quality of the wastewater, wastewater samples taken from three points of discharge into the treatment plant and the treated effluent were analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. The levels of the pH, temperature, conductivity, COD （Chemical Oxygen Demand）, TDS （Total Dissolved Solids）, TSS （Total Suspended Solids） and phenol were assessed from January to June, 2011. The results obtained indicate varied levels of contaminants in both the untreated and treated wastewater. The average values of the treated effluent parameters analyzed were 38 ℃, 6,258 μ***-1, 314 mg-L-1, 115 mg.L-1, 2,689 mg-L-1 and 1 mg.L-1 for the temperature, conductivity, COD, TDS, TSS and phenol, respectively. The results suggest that both the raw wastewater and the treated effluent did not meet the discharge limit set by Ghana Environmental Protection Agency. Therefore, the treated effluent required additional treatment before it can be discharged into the environment. This suggests that the wastewater treatment plant of TOR is ineffective for the type of wastewater produced.

关键词： Industrial wastewater petroleum effluent pollutants Tema oil refinery Ghana.

Bureaucratic Factors Impeding the Delivery of Infrastructure at the Metropolitan Municipal and District Assemblies (MMDAs) in Ghana

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2021年第3期9卷 482-502页

作者： Joe Kingsley Hackman Joshua Ayarkwa Dickson Osei-Asibey Alex acheampong Prince Asher Nkrumah Department of Construction Technology and Management Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) Ku-masi Ghana

Decentralisation of infrastructure delivery to sub-national governments has become commonplace in governments worldwide especially in developing countries such as Ghana. This is due to the benefits of decentralisation in improving public service delivery. However, decentralised infrastructure delivery is marred with numerous challenges that render most local governments incapable of providing infrastructure within their localities. This paper explored the bureaucratic factors that impede infrastructure delivery at the MMDAs in Ghana. A questionnaire survey with 121 construction professionals in the Departments of Works (DoWs) of the MMDAs within the Ashanti and Greater Accra Regions of Ghana was conducted. The results indicated six (6) major components of the bureaucratic factors that impede the delivery of infrastructure at the MMDAs: Central government bureaucracy;Minimal control of MMDAs;Political influence;MMDA project funding;Lack of capacity of MMDAs;and Political interference. This paper calls for a more committed central government to the establishment of adequate decentralised structures and implementation of major reforms that would remove the bureaucratic obstacles in the delivery of infrastructure at the MMDAs, to ensure effective infrastructure delivery at the MMDAs.

关键词： Bureaucratic Factors Decentralisation Infrastructure Delivery District Assemblies

A Six-Year Review of Head and Neck Cancers at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2014年第5期3卷 271-278页

作者： Rita Larsen-Reindorf Osei Owusu-Afriyie Alexander Oti acheampong Isaac Boakye Baffour Awuah Department of ENT Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana Department of Pathology Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Unit Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana Research & Development Unit Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana Directorate of Oncology Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Background: In Ghana, information on the prevalence and pattern of Head and Neck Cancers (HNCA) is scarce. There are few publications based on specific sub-sites of the head and neck, however, literature on the prevalence and pattern of HNCA in general is lacking. The present study aimed to describe the pattern of HNCA among patients seen at the multidisciplinary HNCA clinic of Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. Methods: This is a retrospective review of all consecutive patient records seen at the multidisciplinary clinic from 2004 to 2009. Results: There were 149 males and 103 females giving a male to female ratio of 1.45:1. The age range was 2 - 95 years with a mean of 48.1 years. The commonest type of HNCA in this review is cancers of the oral cavity (29.4%), followed by accessory sinuses (13.9%) and larynx (13.5%). Nasopharyngeal cancer affected young people, with 34.5% of affected patients aged between 10 and 19 years. The commonest histopathological type was squamous cell carcinoma (49.6%). Majority (47.6%) of patients presented at stage IV. Conclusion: The commonest HNCA is oral cancer. Majority of patients with HNCA are presenting late calling for public health education to raise awareness and promote early detection.

关键词： Head and Neck Cancer Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma