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The foraging behavior of Japanese macaques Macaca fuscata in a forested enclosure: Effects of nutrient composition,energy and its seasonal variation on the consumption of natural plant foods

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Current Zoology 2010年第2期56卷 198-208页

作者： M.Firoj JAMAN michael a.huffman Hiroyuki TAKEMOTO Primate Research Institute Kyoto University Department of Zoology University of Dhaka

In the wild, primate foraging behaviors are related to the diversity and nutritional properties of food, which are affected by seasonal variation. The goal of environmental enrichment is to stimulate captive animals to exhibit similar foraging behavior of their wild counterparts, e.g. to extend foraging time. We conducted a 12-month study on the foraging behavior of Japanese macaques in a semi-naturally forested enclosure to understand how they use both provisioned foods and naturally available plant foods and what are the nutritional criteria of their consumption of natural plants. We recorded time spent feeding on provisioned and natural plant foods and collected the plant parts ingested of their major plant food species monthly, when available. We conducted nutritional analysis （crude protein, crude lipid, neutral detergent fiber-‘NDF＇, ash） and calculated total non-structural carbohydrate - ‘TNC＇ and total energy of those food items. Monkeys spent 47% of their feeding time foraging on natural plant species. The consumption of plant parts varied significantly across seasons. We found that leaf items were consumed in months when crude protein, crude protein-to-NDF ratio, TNC and total energy were significantly higher and NDF was significantly lower, fruit/nut items in months when crude protein and TNC were significantly higher and crude lipid content was significantly lower, and bark items in months when TNC and total energy were higher and crude lipid content was lower. This preliminary investigation showed that the forested enclosure allowed troop members to more fully express their species typical flexible behavior by challenging them to adjust their foraging behavior to seasonal changes of plant item diversity and nutritional content, also providing the possibility for individuals to nutritionally enhance their diet .

关键词： Nutrition Food consumption Semi-natural vegetation Provisioned foods Captive primates Enrichment

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川金丝猴食土行为的首次报道(英文)

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兽类学报 2013年第3期33卷 282-285页

作者：赵大鹏 michael a.huffman 李保国天津师范大学生命科学学院天津市动植物抗性重点实验室天津300387 西北大学生命科学学院西安710069 日本京都大学灵长类研究所犬山484-8506

2001年10月至2008年3月,我们在对周至国家级自然保护区内秦岭川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellana)的长期观察研究中发现3例成年雌性舔食泥质岩上粘土的行为。川金丝猴的食土行为均发生在深秋季节,所有食土雌性均处于怀孕期。我们初步推... 详细信息

2001年10月至2008年3月,我们在对周至国家级自然保护区内秦岭川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellana)的长期观察研究中发现3例成年雌性舔食泥质岩上粘土的行为。川金丝猴的食土行为均发生在深秋季节,所有食土雌性均处于怀孕期。我们初步推测川金丝猴的食土行为主要是为了补充矿物质。本文首次呈现川金丝猴食土行为的研究证据,对于进一步理解川金丝猴的食性具有一定意义,同时也为不同生活类型灵长类食土行为的比较分析提供支撑信息。

关键词：粘土食土矿物质补充川金丝猴

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Integrating insulin-like growth factor 1 and sex hormones into neuroprotection:Implications for diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第2期8卷 45-55页

作者： Jacob huffman Christina Hoffmann George T Taylor Behavioral Neuroscience Program Department of Psychological SciencesUniversity of MissouriSt. Interfakultare Biomedizinische Forschung-seinrichtung der Universitat Heidelberg

Brain integrity and cognitive aptitude are often impaired in patients with diabetes mellitus, presumably a result of the metabolic complications inherent to the disease. However, an increasing body of evidence has demonstrated the central role of insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1) and its relation to sex hormones in many neuroprotective processes. Both male and female patients with diabetes display abnormal IGF1 and sexhormone levels but the comparison of these fluctuations is seldom a topic of interest. It is interesting to note that both IGF1 and sex hormones have the ability to regulate phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinases-extracellular signal-related kinasesignaling cascades in animal and cell culture models of neuroprotection. Additionally, there is considerable evidence demonstrating the neuroprotective coupling of IGF1 and estrogen. Androgens have also been implicated in many neuroprotective processes that operate on similar signaling cascades as the estrogen-IGF1 relation. Yet, androgens have not been directly linked to the brain IGF1 system and neuroprotection. Despite the sex-specific variations in brain integrity and hormone levels observed in diabetic patients, the IGF1-sex hormone relation in neuroprotection has yet to be fully substantiated in experimental models of diabetes. Taken together, there is a clear need for the comprehensive analysis of sex differences on brain integrity of diabetic patients and the relationship between IGF1 and sex hormones that may influence brain-health outcomes. As such, this review will briefly outline the basic relation of diabetes and IGF1 and its role in neuroprotection. We will also consider the findings on sex hormones and diabetes as a basis for separately analyzing males and females to identify possible hormone-induced brain abnormalities. Finally, we will introduce the neuroprotective interplay of IGF1 and estrogen and how androgen-derived neuroprotection operates through similar si

关键词： Diabetes Androgens Estrogen Insulin Insulin-like growth factor 1 Neuroprotection Brain integrity Cognition

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走进美国文化

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作者： Maxine F. huffman Donald M. huffman

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The EPSPS Pro106Ser substitution solely accounts for glyphosate resistance in a goosegrass(Eleusine indica) population from Tennessee, United States

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第6期15卷 1304-1312页

作者： Janel L huffman Chance W Riggins Lawrence E Steckel Patrick J Tranel Department of Crop Sciences University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Plant Sciences University of Tennessee Jackson TN 38301 USA

Previous studies have documented the occurrence of glyphosate-resistant （GR） goosegrass （Eleusine indica （L.） Gaertn.） and, in at least some cases, resistance is due to an altered target site. Research was performed to determine if an altered target site was responsible for GR in a Tennessee, United States goosegrass population （TennGR）. DNA sequencing revealed a mutation in TennGR plants conferring the Prol06Ser 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase （EPSPS） substitution previously identified in other GR populations. F2 populations were derived from TennGR plants crossed with plants from a glyphosate-susceptible population （TennGS） and analyzed for their response to glyphosate and genotyped at the EPSPS locus. Plants from the F2 populations segregated 1：2：1 sensitive：intermediate：resistant in response to a selec- tive dose of glyphosate, and these responses co-segregated with the EPSPS genotypes （PP106, PS106, and SS106）. To separately investigate the effect of the Prol06Ser substitution on GR, glyphosate dose-response curves and 50% effective dose （EDso） values were compared among the three genotypes and the two parental populations. The SS106 genotype was 3.4-fold resistant relative to the PP106 genotype, identical to the resistance level obtained when comparing the resistant and susceptible parental populations. We conclude that the mutation conferring a Prol06Ser EPSPS mutation is solely responsible for GR in the TennGR goosegrass population.

关键词： herbicide resistance monogenic trait glyphosate PCR amplification of specific alleles (PASA) EPSPS target-site mutation

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National trends and outcomes of genetically inherited non-alcoholic chronic liver disease in the USA:estimates from the National Inpatient Sample(NIS)database

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Gastroenterology Report 2021年第1期9卷 38-48,I0002页

作者： Eric M.Sieloff Brian Rutledge Cuyler huffman Duncan Vos Thomas Melgar Department of Internal Medicine Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of MedicineKalamazooMIUSA Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA Department of Biostatistics Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of MedicineKalamazooMIUSA Department of Pediatrics Adolescent and Internal MedicineWestern Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of MedicineKalamazooMIUSA

Background:Medical literature on the prevalence of genetic liver disease is *** this study,we investigated the inhospital healthcare and economic burden from genetic causes of non-alcoholic chronic liver disease(NACLD)and nonalcoholic liver cirrhosis(NALC)in the ***:Data were abstracted from the National Inpatient Sample database between 2002 and 2014 using ICD9 codes for patients discharged with NACLD and NALC secondary to genetic diseases including alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency(A1ATd),cystic fibrosis(CF),Wilson disease(WD),hereditary hemochromatosis(HHC),glycogen storage disease,and disorders of aromatic amino-acid metabolism(DAAAM).Results:Throughout the study period,there were 19,332 discharges for NACLD associated with the six genetic diseases including 14,368 for *** were$1.09 billion in hospital charges,790 in-hospital deaths,and 955 liver transplants ***,A1ATd was associated with 8,983(62.52%)hospitalizations for NALC followed by WD,CF,and *** highest in-hospital mortality was seen with *** greatest frequency of liver transplants was seen with ***:The number of hospitalizations for genetic liver diseases continues to *** increased funding and directed research efforts,we can aim to improvemedical treatments and the quality of life for patients at risk for liver deterioration.

关键词： liver cirrhosis inherited metabolic disease epidemiology

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Implementing the GEOSS water strategy: from observations to decisions

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 1439-1468页

作者： Richard Lawford Sushel Unninayar George J.huffman Wolfgang Grabs Angélica Gutiérrez Chu Ishida-Watanabe Toshio Koike Morgan State University BaltimoreUSA NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltUSA International Water Affairs Federal Institute of HydrologyKoblenz National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Silver SpringUSA Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Tsukuba International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management Tsukuba

In 2014,The GEOSS Water Strategy–From Observations to Decisions was published and steps were taken to implement the Strategy’s *** Strategy highlighted priority areas where the application of Earth observations to water research and water management decisions would have significant scientific and societal *** article reviews the implementation of the Strategy’s recommendations over the past eight *** a review of the Strategy’s assessment of the needs for water observations and their applications,it then reviews actions taken in response to the Strategy’s recommendations in its four major themes:improved data acquisition for Essential Water Variables,research and product development,interoperability,and capacity *** highlights significant achievements in the implementation of the Strategy including some motivated by factors beyond this Strategy,reviews actions taken by participating agencies and programs for each of the main themes and summarizes the remaining challenges in achieving the Strategy’s full *** article not only is an update for the Water Community regarding the GEOSS Water Strategy,but it is also an example of how other communities could develop and promulgate a set of strategic recommendations,monitor progress,and carry out assessments of their effectiveness.

关键词： Earth observations water essential water variables research interoperability capacity development

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Entertaining Humor-What's Eunny?

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英语学习 2001年第12期 48-49页

作者： Donald M.huffman

The joy of laughing at a funny story is universal,probably as old as language ***,what is it thatmakes a story of a joke funny?As one who had enjoyed humor since I firstrecognized it,I’ve made an attempt to explain anddiscuss humor with students in such diverse cultures asLatin America and China.I’ve done some seriousthinking about funny *** has been a labor of love!Why is it that several students in a class will fall outof their chairs laughing after I tell a joke while the restof the students look as if I’ve just read the weather

关键词： Entertaining Humor-What’s Eunny

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漂泊的荷兰人

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疯狂英语（初中天地） 2006年第8期 50-53页

作者： Henry huffman 洪馥芝

以前,迷信的水手相信每当暴风雨来临之夜,就会看到一艘鬼船。鬼船上有个幽灵船长,他带着手下的一帮水手,与风雨搏斗……

关键词：暴风雨荷兰人好望角

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Sleep,health behaviors,and behavioral interventions:Reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease in adults

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World Journal of Cardiology 2017年第5期9卷 396-406页

作者： Jill L Kaar Christina M Luberto Kirsti A Campbell Jeff C huffman Department of Pediatrics University of Colorado Denver Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital

Numerous health behaviors, including physical activity,diet, smoking, and sleep, play a major role in preventing the development and progression of cardiovascular disease(CVD). Among these behaviors, sleep may play a pivotal role, yet it has been studied somewhat less than other behaviors and there have been few well-designed sleep intervention studies targeting CVD. Furthermore, despite the fact that these behaviors are often interrelated, interventions tend to focus on changing one health behavior rather than concurrently intervening on multiple behaviors. Psychological constructs from depression to positive affect may also have a major effect on these health behaviors and ultimately on CVD. In this review, we summarize the existing literature on the impact of sleep and other cardiac health behaviors on CVD onset and prognosis. We also describe interventions that may promote these behaviors, from established interventions such as motivational interviewing and cognitive behavioral therapy, to more novel approaches focused on mindfulness and other positive psychological constructs. Finally, we outline populationhealth-level care management approaches for patients with psychiatric conditions(e.g., depression) that may impact cardiac health, and discuss their potential utility in improving mental health, promoting health behaviors, and reducing CVD-related risk. Much work is still needed to better understand how sleep and other health behaviors may uniquely contribute to CVD risk, and additional high-quality studies of interventions designed to modify cardiac health behaviors are required to improve cardiovascular health in individuals and the population at large.

关键词： Sleep Diet Physical activity Cardiovascular disease Care management

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