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Current Status of Deltabaculoviruses, Cypoviruses and Chloriridoviruses Pathogenic for Mosquitoes

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中国病毒学 2007年第2期22卷 117-127页

作者： james j.Becnel Center for Medical Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology USDA/ARS 1600 S. W.23rd Drive Gainesville FL 32608 USA

There are a variety of viral pathogens that cause disease in mosquitoes with most belonging to three major groups. The most common viruses of mosquitoes are the baculoviruses (DBVs) (Baculoviridae: Deltabaculovirus), cytoplasmic polyhedrosis viruses (CPVs) (Reoviridae: Cypovirus) and the iridoviruses (MIVs) (Iridoviridae: Chloriridovirus). Baculoviruses and iridoviruses are DNA viruses while cypoviruses are the main RNA viruses in mosquitoes. This review presents an overview of the current status and recent advancements in understanding the biology and molecular features of mosquito pathogenic viruses.

关键词：杆状病毒细胞多面体病虹色病毒蚊子

Lipid transport to avian oocytes and to the developing embryo

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The journal of Biomedical Research 2016年第3期30卷 174-180页

作者： Wolfgang j.Schneider Department of Medical Biochemistry Max F.Perutz LaboratoriesMedical University and Biocenter Vienna

Studies of receptor-mediated lipoprotein metabolic pathways in avian species have revealed that physiological intricacies of specific cell types are highly analogous to those in mammals. A prime example for the power of com- parative studies across different animal kingdoms, elucidated in the chicken, is that the expression of different lipo- protein receptors in somatic cells and oocytes are the key to oocyte growth. In avian species, yolk precursor transport from the hen＇s liver to rapidly growing oocytes and the subsequent transfer of yolk nutrients via the yolk sac to the developing embryo are highly efficient processes. Oocytes grow from a diameter of 5 mm to 2.5-3 cm in only 7 days, and the yolk sac transfers nutrients from the yolk stored in the mature oocyte to the embryo within just 2 weeks. The underlying key transport mechanism is receptor-mediated endocytosis of macromolecules, i.e., of hepatically synthesized yolk precursors for oocyte growth, and of mature yolk components for embryo nutrition, respectively. Recently, the receptors involved, as well as the role of lipoprotein synthesis in the yolk sac have been identified. As outlined here, lipoprotein degradation/resynthesis cycles and the expression of lipoprotein receptors are not only coordinated with the establishment of the tbllicular architecture embedding the oocyte, but also with the generation of the yolk sac vasculature essential for nutrient transfer to the embryo.

关键词： chicken embryo oocyte yolk sac lipoprotein receptors vascularization

Immune responses in fatalities involving opioids

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Forensic Sciences Research 2019年第2期4卷 195-198页

作者： Henry j.Carson Linn County Medical Examiner’s Office Cedar RapidsIAUSA

In some cases of fatalities involving opioid use,the concentrations of detected opioids are not in the toxic *** reactions can be triggered by opioid use,suggesting that immune response may be a factor in these *** cases from 2002–2012 were *** with physical,microscopic or serum evidence of allergic reactions and opioid use at autopsy were compared to persons who used opioids but had no such ***,49 persons were identified who had used opioids,of which five had evidence of immune response.A medical history of asthma was significantly more common in persons with signs of immune response(P=0.0244)and fatality(P=0.0085)compared to normals.A history of asthma is suggestive of susceptibility to immunologic reactions to opioids,and correlates strongly with the cause of death.

关键词： Forensic medicine allergy drug analgesics opioid asthma drug overdose tryptases

Changes in soil fertility and microbial communities following cultivation of native grassland in Horqin Sandy Land, China:a 60-year chronosequence

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Ecological Processes 2023年 260-273页

作者： jiao Tang jinzhong Yin Anthony j.Davy Feifei Pan Renhui Miao Xu Han School of Resource and Environmental Sciences Henan Institute of Science and Technology Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide and Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application School of Biological Sciences University of East Anglia School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Henan Institute of Science and Technology School of Life Sciences Henan University Forestry College Beihua University

Background Grassland conversion to cropland is a prevailing change of land use in traditionally nomadic areas,especially in the Mongolian Plateau. We investigated the effects of grassland conversion followed by continuous cultivation on soil properties and microbial community characteristics in Horqin Sandy Land, a typical agro-pastoral transition zone of Northern China. Soil samples were collected from the topsoil(upper 20 cm) across a 60-year cultivation chronosequence(5, 15, 25, 35 and 60 years) and unconverted native grassland. Soil physico-chemical properties were determined and high-throughput sequencing was used to assess microbial community diversity and *** Grassland cultivation resulted in changes to soil properties in both the short and longer term. Initially, it significantly increased soil bulk density(BD), electrical conductivity(EC), soil total nitrogen(TN), available phosphorus(AP) and available potassium(AK) concentrations, while reducing soil water content(SWC) and soil organic carbon content(SOC). Over the next 35–55 years of continuous cultivation, the trend for most of these characteristics was of reversion towards values nearer to those of native grassland, except for SOC which remained highly *** of grassland substantially altered soil microbial communities at phylum level but there was no significant difference in microbial α-diversity between native grassland and any cropland. However, soil bacterial and fungal community structures at phylum level in the croplands of all cultivation years were different from those in the native grasslands. Heatmaps further revealed that bacterial and fungal structures in cropland tended to become more similar to native grassland after 15 and 25 years of cultivation, respectively. Redundancy analysis indicated that SOC, EC and BD were primary determinants of microbial community composition and *** These findings suggest that agricultural cultivation of grassl

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Science and Technology Networks: A Helping Hand to Boost Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030?

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International journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第1期8卷 100-105页

作者： Robert sakic Trogrlic Lydia Cumiskey Annisa Triyanti Melanie j.Duncan Nuha Eltinay Rick j.Hogeboom Mansi jasuja Chinaporn Meechaiya Christina j.Pickering Virginia Murray School of Energy GeoscienceInfrastructure and SocietyHeriot-Watt University United Nations Major Group for Children and Youth Water Youth Network Flood Hazard Research Centre Middlesex UniversityThe BurroughsHendon Governance and Inclusive Development Department of GeographyPlanning and International DevelopmentUniversity of Amsterdam British Geological Survey(Natural Environment Research Council) Lyell Centre School of the Built Environment and Architecture London South Bank University Twente Water Centre University of Twente Institute for Housing and Urban Development Studies Alumni International Network Royal Dutch Water Network(Koninklijk Nederlands Water netwerk) Asian Disaster Preparedness Center(ADPC) University of Ottawa Ottawa Public Health England United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction(UNISDR)Scientific and Technical Advisory Group(STAG)

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 underlines the importance of Science and Technology(S&T) and S&T networks for effective disaster risk reduction(DRR). The knowledge of existing S&T networks and their exact role in DRR,however, is limited. This opinion piece initiates a discussion on the role of S&T networks in the implementation of the Sendai Framework. The article highlights that current practice is oriented towards a narrative that emphasizes the potential of S&T for DRR and stresses a collaborative approach delivered through networks. But a true understanding of whether and how S&T networks can mobilize and enable S&T for DRR is missing. We call for a review of existing S&T networks for DRR and the development of good practice guidelines on S&T networks for DRR. This review should include knowledge on how to overcome common challenges and maximize the benefits, along with a framework for successful evaluation of such *** knowledge would provide much needed guidance for existing and emerging networks.

关键词： Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 Science and Technology(S&T) Networks Disaster risk reduction

Phenotypic nutrient up-take differences in an alley cropping system in semi-arid Machakos, Kenya

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2001年第2期13卷 164-169页

作者： D.N. Mungai C.L.Coulson C.j. Stigter j.K. Ng’ang’a D.N.Mugendi Department of Geography University of NairobiNairdbiKenya Department of Botany University of NairobiNairobiKenya Department of Enviromnental Sciences Graduate School of Productian EcologyWageningen UniversityDuivendaal 26701 APThe Netherlands Department of Meteorology University of NairobiNairobiKenya Kenya Forestry Research Instiute(KEFRI NairobiKanya)

Alley cropping of Cassia siamea and maize was studied in semi arid Kenya for soil fertility improvement. Katumani composite maize was planted except in the short rains of 1988 (SR88) when a hybrid variety was sown. Therefore the grain yield per row increased differently in the alley cropped maize (CM). Sole maize (SM) and CM yields were higher in SR88 than in the long rains of 1988 (LR88) by 62% and 38%, while yields from the same treatments in LR89 were only 21% and 45% of those in SR88 These differences in relative maize yields are attributed to differences between the two maize varieties in competition under nutrient stress conditions.

关键词： alley cropping Cassia siamea maize nutrients maize yield semi arid condition soil moisture Kenya

The mouse brain in stereotaxic coordinates / George Paxinos, Keith B.j. Franklin. 2nd ed.

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Decomposition of multi-particle azimuthal correlations in Q-cumulant analysis

2001年

作者： George Paxinos Keith B.j. Franklin.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Chinese Physics C 2023年第10期 182-200页

作者： L.Na??er? j.Milo?evi? D.Devetak 王福强 Department of physics "VIN?A" Institute of Nuclear Science-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia University of Belgrade Strong coupling Physics International Research Laboratory Huzhou University College of Science Huzhou University Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University

The method of Q-cumulants is a powerful tool for studying the fine details of azimuthal anisotropies in high energy nuclear *** paper presents a new method,based on mathematical induction,to evaluate the analytical form of high-order *** capability of this method is demonstrated via a toy model that uses the elliptic power distribution to simulate the anisotropic emission of particles,quantified in terms of Fourier flow harmonics *** method can help in studying the large amount of event statistics that can be collected in the future and allow measurements of the very high central moments of the *** can in turn,facilitate progress in understanding the initial geometry,the input to the hydrodynamic calculations of medium expansion in high energy nuclear collisions,and the constraints on it.

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Characterization of squash polysaccharide and the anti-diabetic effect on type 2 diabetic rat revealed by urine metabolomics analysis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年

作者： Li Liang Fuming Zhang Quanhong Li Baoguo Sun Yuyu Zhang Robert j.Linhardt Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU) 2. Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering Chemistry and Chemical Biology Biomedical Engineering and Biological Science Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University

The present study reports the structural characteristics of three polysaccharide fractions (SPS-F1， SPS-F2 and SPS-F3) isolated and purified from squash. SPS-F1(Mw=12.30 kDa) and SPS-F2 (Mw=19.40 kDa) were likely to contain HG and RG-I domain of pectic polysaccharide， respectively. SPS-F2 (Mw=270.4 kDa) was mainly composed of rhamnose， galactose and arabinose. The treatment with SPS decreased body weight gain， glucose and TG levels in T2DM rats. Twenty-five differential metabolites were identified based on urinary metabolomics analysis， which are crucial to the anti-diabetic effect of SPS. The regulation of Nicotinamide N-oxide， Histamine， cis-Aconitate， Citrate， L-Malic acid， 3-(3-Hydroxyphenyl) propanoic acid and N-Acetyl-L-aspartic acid was mainly associated with energy metabolism， gut microbiota and inflammation. Study of surface plasmon resonance revealed the binding kinetics with galectin-3 (Gal-3) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2). The KDvalue of SPS-F2 and SPS-F3 to Gal-3 are 4.97 × 10-3mol/L and 1.48 × 10-3mol/L， indicating a weak binding affinity. All three fractions showed moderate binding to FGF2 and the affinity was SPS-F3 > SPS-F2 > SPS-F1. Thus， the metabolomics and SPR approach were proved to be a promising tool in exploring the anti-diabetes effects of SPS and provided a deep understanding of the mechanisms.

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