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Chitin-glucan improves important pathophysiological features of irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第16期30卷 2258-2271页

作者： Caroline Valibouze Caroline dubuquoy Philippe Chavatte micha.l Genin Veronique Maquet Salvatore Modica Pierre desreumaux Christel Rousseaux department of digestive Surgery and Transplantation Lille UniversityLille 59037France Intestinal Biotech development Facultéde MédicineLille 59045France U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Universitéde LilleLille 59000France UlR 2694-METRICS Évaluation des Technologies de santéet des Pratiques MédicalesUniversity of LilleLille 59000France KitoZyme SA Institution SociétéAnonymeZone 2Parc des Hauts SartsRue de MilmortHerstal 4040Belgium Hepato-Gastroenterology department Lille University HospitalLille 59037France

BACKGROUNd Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is one of the most frequent and debilitating conditions leading to gastroenterological ***,recommended treatments remain limited,yielding only limited therapeutic ***-glucan(CG)is a novel dietary prebiotic classically used in humans at a dosage of 1.5-3.0 g/d and is considered a safe food ingredient by the European Food Safety *** provide an alternative approach to managing patients with IBS,we performed preclinical molecular,cellular,and animal studies to evaluate the role of chitin-glucan in the main pathophysiological mechanisms involved in *** To evaluate the roles of CG in visceral analgesia,intestinal inflammation,barrier function,and to develop computational molecular *** Visceral pain was recorded through colorectal distension(CRd)in a model of long-lasting colon hypersensitivity induced by an intra-rectal administration of TNBS[15 milligrams(mg)/kilogram(kg)]in 33 Sprague-dawley *** pressure was regularly assessed during the 9 wk-experiment(weeks 0,3,5,and 7)in animals receiving CG(n=14)at a human equivalent dose(HEd)of 1.5 g/d or 3.0 g/d and compared to negative control(tap water,n=11)and positive control(phloroglucinol at 1.5 g/d HEd,n=8)*** anti-inflammatory effect of CG was evaluated using clinical and histological scores in 30 C57bl6 male mice with colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate(dSS)administered in their drinking water during 14 ***-29 cells under basal conditions and after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide(lPS)were treated with CG to evaluate changes in pathways related to analgesia μ-opioid receptor(MOR),cannabinoid receptor 2(CB2),peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha,inflammation[interleukin(Il)-10,Il-1b,and Il-8]and barrier function[mucin 2-5AC,claudin-2,zonula occludens(ZO)-1,ZO-2]using the real-time PCR *** modelling of CG,lPS,lipoteichoic acid(lTA),and phospholipomannan(PlM)was developed,and the abili

关键词： Chitin-glucan Irritable bowel syndrome Abdominal pain Inflammation Intestinal barrier Molecular modelling Microbial cell walls chelation

Effects of small molecules on neurogenesis:Neuronal proliferation and differentiation

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 20-37页

作者： michałK Jastrze˛bski Piotr Wo´jcik Piotr Ste˛pnicki Agnieszka A.Kaczor department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling laboratory Medical University of LublinFaculty of PharmacyLublin PL-20093Poland School of Pharmacy University of Eastern FinlandKuopio FI-70211Finland

Neurons are believed to be non-proliferating ***,neuronal stem cells are still present in certain areas of the adult brain,although their proliferation diminishes with *** as with other cells,their proliferation and differentiation are modulated by various *** mechanisms are foundational to the strategies developed to induce neuronal proliferation and differentiation,with potential therapeutic applications for neurodegenerative *** most common among these diseases are Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease,associated with the formation ofβ-amyloid(Aβ)aggregates which cause a reduction in the number of *** such as liCl,4-aminothiazoles,Pregnenolone,ACEA,harmine,d2AAK1,methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate,and shikonin may induce neuronal proliferation/differentiation through the activation of pathways:MAPK ERK,PI3K/AKT,NFκB,Wnt,BdNF,and ***,combinations of these compounds can potentially transform somatic cells into *** transformation process involves the activation of neuron-specific transcription factors such as NEUROd1,NGN2,ASCl1,and SOX2,which subsequently leads to the transcription of downstream genes,culminating in the transformation of somatic cells into *** diseases are not the only conditions where inducing neuronal proliferation could be ***,the impact of pro-proliferative compounds on neurons has also been researched in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Neurogenesis Proliferation differentiation Maturation Small-molecules drug coctail Alzheimer’s disease Parkinson’s disease

Effects of Calcium and Magnesium on Phosphorus Availability in Ferralsols and Rice Production in Forest Zones of Côte d’Ivoire

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2024年第1期13卷 33-53页

作者： Guy Fernand Yao Brahima Kone Kouadio Amani Franck micha.l lemonou Bahan Jean lopez Essehi Brou Kouame François lompo Albert Yao-Kouame National Center for Agronomic Research (CNRA) Central Laboratory Soils Water and Plants (LCSEP) Sustainable Soil and Water Management Program Bouaké C&ocircte d’Ivoire Soil Water and Geomaterials Sciences Laboratory (LS2EG) Earth Sciences and Mining Resources Training and Research Unit (UFR STRM) Félix Houphou&eumlt-Boigny University Abidjan C&ocircte d’Ivoire National Center for Agronomic Research (CNRA) Man Research Station Rice Program Man C&ocircte d’Ivoire Environment and Agricultural Research Institute (INERA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Phosphorus bioavailability has long been a recurring problem in tropical acid soils. A pot experiment was carried out during three (3) successive rice production cycles at Adiopodoumé to evaluate the response of the NERICA 5 rice accession to various doses of calcium, magnesium and phosphorous. The experiment was conducted using a randomized split-plot design. The interactive effects of calcium carbonate (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg·Ca·ha-1) and magnesium sulfate (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg·Mg·ha-1) and Togo natural phosphate (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg·P·ha-1) were determined at each production cycle. The results showed that single-dose natural phosphate supplementation for three cropping cycles resulted in an average enrichment of around 2 mg·P·kg-1 after each trial following its continuous dissolution, with an increase in dSP (33.31% to 70.52%). The study revealed one strategy for managing and enhancing native P with cations and another for exogenous P: there would be a synergy of Ca/Mg on native P, whereas an antagonism would characterize the two parameters in phosphate fertilization.

关键词： Soil Acidity Native and Exogenous Phosphorus Free Iron Ca/Mg Balances Rice Growing Côte d’Ivoire

Feasibility of achieving net-zero energy performance in high-rise buildings using solar energy

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Energy and Built Environment

Energy and Built Environment 2024年第6期5卷 946-956页

作者： Mehrdad Shirinbakhsh l.d.danny Harvey University of Toronto 100St.George StreetTorontoONM5S 3G3Canada

As part of a broad strategy to reach net-zero greenhouse gas emissions and limit global warming,many countries are requiring all new buildings to have net-zero energy *** requires that on-site energy use not exceed on-site generation of renewable energy(taken here to be solar energy),or equivalently,that the building Energy Use Intensity(EUI,kWh/m^(2)a)not exceed the supply of on-site solar energy(electricity and heat)per m^(2)of floor area per *** this basis,we find that achieving net-zero energy performance in an archetype 40-story square building in 16 different cities of North America requires EUI of 17–24 kWh/m^(2)a using PV panels,and 19–28 kWh/m^(2)a using PVT *** building orientation to a non-square floor shape can improve maximum permitted EUI by up to 50%in PV and 60%in PVT ***,the best-performing residential and commercial buildings have EUIs of 50–75 kWh/m^(2)*** if building heights are limited to 5–10 floors does the available solar energy,and thus the permitted EUI,reach 50–75 kWh/m^(2)***,we recommend that policymakers not require high-rise buildings to be net-zero energy,unless they are prepared to limit building heights to 5–10 floors.

关键词： High-rise net-zero energy buildings Building geometry Building height Solar NZEB

Oligodendroctyes:the forgotten players of diabetes pathophysiology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2349-2350页

作者： Juan Antonio lópez-Villodres Beatriz García-díaz departamento Fisiología Humana Histología HumanaAnatomía Patológica y Educación Física y DeportivaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MálagaMálagaSpain UGC Neurociencia.Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina(IBIMA Plataforma Bionand) MálagaSpain

Oligodendrocytes(Ols),glial cells that provide myelin sheaths to axons in the central nervous system(CNS),have a dual ***,this myelin fatty cover around the axons protects the nerves and is crucial for the saltatory propagation of action *** and not less important,Ols provide trophic support to neurons and ***,Ol metabolism is important for Ol well-being and the proper accomplishment of their functions,and Ol metabolism energetics directly affect the energy metabolism of neighboring neurons.

关键词： metabolism nerves myelin

Solid-liquid extraction for yttrium recovery using porous polymeric resin(XAd-7) functionalized with d_(2)EHPA

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1764-1773,I0005页

作者： P.A.Martínez-Montoya R.G.Sanchez-Alvarado d.Y.Medina-Velazquez M.l.Carrera-Jota P.Garnica-Chávez A.de J.Morales-Ramirez Higher School of Chemical Engineering and Extractive Industries ESIQIEIPNDepartment of Metallurgical EngineeringUPALM S/NCol.LindavistaGustavo A.Madero Cd.de MéxicoC.P07738Mexico Metropolitan Autonomous University Department of MaterialsBasic Sciences and EngineeringAv.San Pablo No.180Col.Reynosa TamaulipasCd.de MéxicoC.P02200Mexico Center for Research and Technological Innovation CIITECIPNCda.de CECATIs/nSanta CatarinaAzcapotzalcoC.P02250CDMXMexico

The recovery of yttrium is proposed by applying a solid-liquid extraction process using di-2-ethyl hexylphosphoric acid(d2EHPA) as extracting *** extracting agents were supported on a macro porous polymeric resin XAd-7(solid phase).Yttrium ions extraction and discharge tests were performed,firstly from a synthetic aqueous solution of 100 mg/l Y(liquid phase) at 25℃ with *** effects of pH of aqueous solutions bearing yttrium,volume fraction of extracting agents and the solid/liquid(S/l)ratio on the yttrium recovery were *** most favorable conditions for yttrium ions extraction are;20 vol% d_(2)EHPA functionalized resin,pH=1.5 and an S/l ratio of 10 mg/ml The discharge of yttrium ions was done under the same conditions of extraction stage,using a 2 mol/l [H_(2)SO_(4)] as stripping *** to 80% yttrium is extracted,while 75% yttrium is recovered in the striping *** all experiments,the reaction equilibrium is reached after 20 min,and the kinetics for the extraction stage was determined as a second-order ***,experiments were carried out to discharge the yttriumloaded resins,and it has been determined that the best pH value to strip the Y ions is *** tests of extraction and discharge for yttrium ions show that the functionalized resin can work at least five cycles without decreasing its ***,the proposed process was tested in a real solution with Y ions fro m a waste fluorescent la mp powder leached in H_(2)SO_(4),demonstrating the ability to effectively recover yttrium,separating it from various metals from the studied residue.

关键词： Yttrium recovery Rare earth solid-liquid extraction XAd-7 resin Fluorescent lamps recycling Solid-liquid kinetics extraction

Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease:an urgent research venue to follow

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2569-2570页

作者： Raquel Jiménez-Herrera Ana Contreras Juan d.Navarro-lópez lydia Jiménez-díaz Neurophysiology&Behavior lab University of Castilla-La ManchaSchool of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

due to increasing life expectancy,the amount of people with dementia worldwide is expected to experience a substantial rise,with estimates indicating a growth from 55 million in 2019 to a staggering 139 million by the... 详细信息

关键词： Alzheimer predominant estimates

discovery of new MAX-phase-like layered ternary carbide V_(8)P_(6)C:Crystal structure,thermal expansion,and elastic properties

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第7期174卷 55-62页

作者： H.X.Chen l.Sheng Z.l.Zhang X.C.Wen d.l.Yang X.Y.Ye P.Q.dai School of Materials Science and Engineering Fujian University of TechnologyFuzhou 350118China Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100049China Fujian Provincial Key laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing and Application Fuzhou 350118China State Key laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China

due to the laminated structure,MAX phases and MAX-phase-like compounds possess outstanding dam-age tolerance capability with good thermal/electrical conductivity and other charming functional prop-erties,showing a bright future for structural-functional ***,a new MAX-phase-like ternary car-bide V_(8)P_(6)C with layered characteristics was *** to the alternate stacking of hexagonal-arranged M/A/X atom layers in MAX phases,V_(8)P_(6)C has a layered structure formed by a repeated stacking of the slabs consisting of V_(6)C-octahedrons and VP 6-distorted-octahedrons in three-atomic layers *** thermal expansion anisotropy was revealed,with the thermal expansion coefficients(TECs)along a-axis,c-axis,and the average value,equal toα_(a)=8.55(5)μK^(−1),α_(c)=10.23(5)μK^(−1),andα_(l)=9.14(5)μK^(−1),*** dilation along the c-axis was mainly dominated by out-plane V-P bonds be-tween layered *** to the pressure-dependent lattice parameters,the polycrystalline bulk modulus(B_(0)=185(9)GPa)and high compressibility anisotropy factor(B_(a)/B_(c)=1.64)was ***-while,the second-order elastic constants were calculated,and the elastic moduli,E=303 GPa,B=198 GPa,G=122 GPa,andν=0.246,were *** the weak connection between layer slabs by out-plane V1-P bond was revealed by the bond stiffness model,with a bond stiffness close to the M-A bond in MAX ***,good damage tolerance capability was predicted according to Paugh’s ratio(G/B=0.616)and Cauchy pressure(P_(a)=0 GPa,P_(c)=-7.5 GPa),even better than those of typical MAX *** discovery of V_(8)P_(6)C provides a new member of MAX-phase-like damage-tolerant ceramic with relatively low density,moderate thermal expansion,and anisotropic compressibility,and the unique lay-ered structure is inspiring for exploring new layered ternary ceramics.

关键词： New ternary carbide MAX phase Thermal expansion Elastic constants Anisotropy

Competitive interactions and coexistence of sympatric flagship carnivores in Asia

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 183-199页

作者： Zhilin lI Jiayu lU Xiaoyi SHI li’an dUO James l.d.SMITH Tianming WANG Tianjin Key laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal diversity College of Life SciencesTianjin Normal UniversityTianjinChina department of Fisheries Wildlife and Conservation BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaSt.PaulMinnesotaUSA Ministry of Education Key laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key laboratory for Conservation Ecology of Northeast Tiger and leopard BeijingChina

Understanding the competition and coexistence of flagship carnivores is key to creating strategies for their conservation in the face of global carnivore *** studies exploring the dynamics and competition between tigers(Panthera tigris)and leopards(***)span decades,there is a lack of understanding regarding the factors that influence their coexistence mechanisms on a broad scale,as well as the drivers determining their exploitative and interference *** gathered a comprehensive list of research papers among which 36 papers explored the interspecific interactions between tigers and leopards and tested the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on the coexistence mechanisms along three dimensions using multiple response variables regression models;we also tested the influence of ecological drivers determining the exploitative or interference competition between tigers and *** and ungulate density were the most important predictors in regulating the coexistence *** and leopards exhibited more positive relations/higher overlaps as elevation increased in the spatial *** addition,they showed a higher dietary overlap in the prey-rich *** determined that interference competition between tigers and leopards was less frequently observed in habitats with dense tree cover and homogeneous vegetation ***,studies with multiple metrics would promote the detection of interference *** study provides new insight into the competitive interactions and coexistence mechanisms of tigers and leopards on a broad ***-makers and managers should pay more attention to the factors of elevation,prey abundance,and habitat structures for the conservation of tigers and leopards.

关键词： carnivores coexistence mechanisms competitive interactions exploitative competition interference competition