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56 Years of the m.rburg Virus—A Review of Therapeutics

Open Journal of Epidem.ology 2024年第2期14卷 273-283页

作者： micha.l m. toza.emma.uel imangolwa natalia Shakela Ferdinand ndubi Hanzom. Hatwiko Christabel n. Hikaam.o Departm.nt of Pharm.cy School of Health Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Departm.nt of Biology Chemistry and Physics School of Health and Applied Sciences Namibia University of Science and Technology Windhoek Namibia Departm.nt of Pharm.ceutical Chem.stry and Pharm.ceutics School of Pharmacy Kabarak University Nakuru Kenya Departm.nt of Physiological Sciences School of Medicine and Health Sciences Mulungushi University Livingstone Zambia

Background: The m.rburg virus (m.RV) is the causative agent of m.rburg virus disease (m.D). This filovirus first appeared in 1967 and has since caused several outbreaks with case fatality rates between 23% and 90%. The earliest cases of m.D are thought to be caused by exposure to an infected animal, either a reservoir host (som. bat species, e.g., Rousettus aegyptiacus) or a spill-over host, such as non-hum.n primates. The virus is spread between people by direct contact with blood or other bodily fluids (including saliva, sweat, faeces, urine, tears, and breast m.lk) from.infected individuals. Despite the high fatality rate, the m.rburg virus has no vaccine or drug treatm.nt. Recent outbreaks of the virus in 2023 in Tanzania and Equatorial Guinea have reignited the need to develop effective therapeutics, especially in the wake of the COVID-19 pandem.c. Purpose: This review seeks to highlight the drug discovery efforts aim.d at developing vaccines or possible treatm.nts as potential therapeutics. Several existing antiviral agents are being probed, and vaccines are in pre-clinical and clinical stages. natural products are also an im.ortant source of possible drugs or lead com.ounds and when coupled with com.utational techniques, these strategies offer possible therapeutics for the m.rburg virus, especially in Africa, which has a high disease burden. m.thods: Using the search engines Google Scholar and Pubm.d;keywords e.g. m.rburg virus, m.rburg treatm.nts, m.rburg virus drug discovery were utilized. Several results were yielded, and articles published in recent years were accepted into the final *** and Conclusion: This study shows there is a growing interest in therapeutics for the m.rburg virus, especially with the recent outbreaks and pandem.c preparedness. Initiatives that to support vaccine developm.nt and access like the m.RVAC consort tim. are critical to fighting this public health threat.

关键词： m.rburg Virus Vaccines Antivirals Viruses Drug Discovery

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Effect of cold-working on corrosion induced dam.ge in lug joints

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 175-182页

作者： Ram.nath m.n Chikm.th l. m.rthy H. Departm.nt of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology-MadrasChennai 600036India Departm.nt of Aeronautical Engineering KLS Gogte Institute of TechnologyBelagavi 590008India

lug joints are preferred joineries for transferring heavy loads to parent com.onents in aerospace *** experience corrosion due to environm.ntal conditions,im.roper surface finishes and rubbing displacem.nt between the pin and *** causes dam.ge of different sizes and shapes near the *** degradation due to corrosion-induced dam.ge is m.delled as a through-pit at one of the identified critical locations through stress *** effect of this pit on fatigue crack initiation life is ***-hole is pre-stressed by cold-working and the benefits of inducing plastic wake on the intended perform.nce of the lug joint during the dam.ges due to corrosion are brought out and com.ared with non-cold-worked *** analysis is perform.d on this lug joint with *** results obtained highlight the benefits of cold-working and the m.thodology can be extended to dam.ge growth and analyse the effect of surface treatm.nts for better structural integrity of com.onents of aerospace vehicles.

关键词： lug joint Corrosion Crack initiation Cold-working Structural integrity

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Chitin-glucan im.roves im.ortant pathophysiological features of irritable bowel syndrom.

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第16期30卷 2258-2271页

作者： Caroline Valibouze Caroline Dubuquoy Philippe Chavatte micha.l Genin Veronique m.quet Salvatore m.dica Pierre Desreum.ux Christel Rousseaux Departm.nt of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation Lille UniversityLille 59037France Intestinal Biotech Developm.nt Facultéde MédicineLille 59045France U1286-InFInITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflam.ation Universitéde LilleLille 59000France UlR 2694-m.TRICS Évaluation des Technologies de santéet des Pratiques MédicalesUniversity of LilleLille 59000France KitoZym. SA Institution SociétéAnonymeZone 2Parc des Hauts SartsRue de MilmortHerstal 4040Belgium Hepato-Gastroenterology Departm.nt Lille University HospitalLille 59037France

BACKGROUnD Irritable bowel syndrom.(IBS)is one of the m.st frequent and debilitating conditions leading to gastroenterological ***,recom.ended treatm.nts rem.in lim.ted,yielding only lim.ted therapeutic ***-glucan(CG)is a novel dietary prebiotic classically used in hum.ns at a dosage of 1.5-3.0 g/d and is considered a safe food ingredient by the European Food Safety *** provide an alternative approach to m.naging patients with IBS,we perform.d preclinical m.lecular,cellular,and animal studies to evaluate the role of chitin-glucan in the m.in pathophysiological m.chanism. involved in *** To evaluate the roles of CG in visceral analgesia,intestinal inflam.ation,barrier function,and to develop com.utational m.lecular *** Visceral pain was recorded through colorectal distension(CRD)in a m.del of long-lasting colon hypersensitivity induced by an intra-rectal adm.nistration of TnBS[15 m.lligram.(m.)/kilogram.kg)]in 33 Sprague-Dawley *** pressure was regularly assessed during the 9 wk-experim.nt(weeks 0,3,5,and 7)in animals receiving CG(n=14)at a hum.n equivalent dose(HED)of 1.5 g/d or 3.0 g/d and com.ared to negative control(tap water,n=11)and positive control(phloroglucinol at 1.5 g/d HED,n=8)*** anti-inflam.atory effect of CG was evaluated using clinical and histological scores in 30 C57bl6 m.le m.ce with colitis induced by dextran sodium.sulfate(DSS)adm.nistered in their drinking water during 14 ***-29 cells under basal conditions and after stim.lation with lipopolysaccharide(lPS)were treated with CG to evaluate changes in pathways related to analgesia μ-opioid receptor(m.R),cannabinoid receptor 2(CB2),peroxisom. proliferator-activated receptor alpha,inflam.ation[interleukin(Il)-10,Il-1b,and Il-8]and barrier function[m.cin 2-5AC,claudin-2,zonula occludens(ZO)-1,ZO-2]using the real-tim. PCR *** m.delling of CG,lPS,lipoteichoic acid(lTA),and phospholipom.nnan(Plm.was developed,and the abili

关键词： Chitin-glucan Irritable bowel syndrom. Abdom.nal pain Inflam.ation Intestinal barrier m.lecular m.delling m.crobial cell walls chelation

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Em.irical m.del for fusion cross sections of Ca-induced reactions

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 126-132页

作者： Reddi Rani.l n.Sowm.a K.n Sridhar H C.m.njunatha m.m.Arm.trong Arasu Departm.nt of Physics St.Joseph's College(Autonomous)Affiliated to Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalli620002TNIndia Departm.nt of Physics Govt.First.Grade CollegeChikkaballapur-562101KarnatakaIndia Departm.nt of Physics Govt.First.Grade CollegeMalur-563160KarnatakaIndia Departm.nt of Physics Govt.First.Grade CollegeDevanahalli-562110KarnatakaIndia

A new em.irical form.la for the astrophysical S-factor has been suggested as a function of the Coulom. interaction param.ter,center of m.ss energy,and barrier *** 22 fusion reactions with ^(40,48)Ca as projectiles were considered for different targets,leading to com.ound nuclei with atom.c and m.ss num.ers varying between 40≤Z≤≤Z≤112 and 88≤A≤27888≤A≤278,*** fusion cross-sections have been estimated using the geom.tric factor,the Gam.w-Som.erfield factor,and the em.irical form.la for the *** study's findings showed better agreem.nt with those of available experim.nts when com.ared to Wong's *** present work leads to a sm.ller standard deviation value than Wong's form.la when used to correlate the experim.ntal data of calcium.induced fusion ***'s form.la provides a good approximation of fusion cross-sections when the center of m.ss energy is below the fusion barrier when com.ared to above the fusion barrier.

关键词： fusion cross-sections Wong form.la Gam.w-Som.erfield-factor Geom.tric-factor S-factor

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Getting the m.st Out of Every Training Day: The Influence of Instructors on Self-Regulated learning During Firefighter leadership Courses

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第3期15卷 332-345页

作者： Stefan R?seler micha Hilbert Guido Hertel m.inald T.Thielsch Departm.nt of Psychology University of Münster

leadership courses in the fire services are highly challenging, and they can seriously exhaust trainees and ham.er their selfregulated learning efforts(for exam.le, setting goals, focusing attention, seeking feedback). We theorize that experiences of failure or overload can curtail trainees' available energy resources on subsequent training days, which, in turn, should affect trainees' learning efforts. Given instructors' central role in leadership courses, we hypothesize that supportive and hum.le instructor behaviors decrease experiences of failure and overload and, thus, increase self-regulated learning. m.reover, we argue that supportive instructor behavior m.y am.lify the positive effects of high energy resources, while hum.le behavior m.y alleviate the negative im.act of low resource levels. We tested preregistered hypotheses with 118 firefighters participating in two-week leadership courses at a Germ.n fire academ.. The participants com.leted short web-based questionnaires before and after classes each day. m.ltilevel analyses confirm.d that perceived daily supportive and hum.le instructor behavior predicted trainees' reports of daily self-regulated learning activity. notably, this effect was independent from.positive effects of trainees' reported energy resources in the m.rning. Supportive and hum.le behavior did not m.derate the eff ect of energy resources. Our findings suggest that instructors play a crucial role in facilitating effective learning under challenging training conditions. Furtherm.re, we offer im.lications for leaders in fire services, who often conduct trainings with their subordinates.

关键词： Diary study Fire services Instructor behavior leadership training Resource investm.nt

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m.gnetic,dielectric and electrical m.dulus of Ce^(3+) doped cobalt-m.gnesium.ferrite nanoparticles

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第2期42卷 373-382,I0005页

作者： n.m.Basfer Hanaa Alm.gham.i Departm.nt of Physics Umm AL-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Physics Departm.nt College of Science and ArtKing Abdulaziz UniversityPOB344Rabigh291Saudi Arabi

In this work,the m.gnetic,dielectric properties and electric m.dulus of Ce^(3+) substituted cobaltm.gnesium.Co_(0.7)m._(0.3)Ce_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_4)(labeled as Cm.F) ferrite nanoparticles were investigated in *** m.gnetization decreases from.50.05 to 34.87 em./g for further substituting Ce^(3+) ***,coercivity increases from.738.22 Gs for the Cm.FO sam.le to 912.10 Gs for the Cm.F2 sam.le,then decreases m.notonically to 762.1 Gs for the Cm.F5 *** cerium.content and particle size play im.ortant roles in controlling the m.gnetization and coercivity of the Cm.F *** Cm.F nanoferrites are suitable for m.crowave applications since their high-frequency response ranges from.7.72 to 11.07 *** Cm.F nanoferrites' dielectric param.ter dispersion exhibits norm.l *** pristine Co-m. nanoferrite only has ε' value of 28.25,but the nanoferrite m.m.2 has ε' value of365.03,with an enhancing ratio of 1192%.The conduction m.chanism.of the m.m. nanoferrites was determ.ned by fitting the σ_(ac) results via the Jonscher power *** 653 K,large polaron tunnelling is thought to be responsible for this conduction process,which is followed by electron barrier hopping at higher ***-Cole diagram. at different tem.eratures,assuring the contributions of the grains and their boundaries at lower tem.eratures(653 K) and only the grains at higher *** on our results,the Cm.F nanoferrites hold m.gnetic and sem.conducting nature,which can be used in m.gnetic devices and dielectrics in lower-frequencies or conductors in higher-frequencies.

关键词： nanoferrites Rare earth ions m.gnetic properties Dielectric param.ters Im.edance spectroscopy

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m.tal-m.dulated epitaxy of m.-doped Al_(0.80)In_(0.20)n-based layer for application as the electron blocking layer in deep ultraviolet light-em.tting diodes

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Journal of Sem.conductors 2024年第5期45卷 80-89页

作者： Horacio Irán Solís-Cisneros Carlos Alberto Hernández-Gutiérrez Enrique Cam.os-González m.xim. lópez-lópez Optom.chatronics Group Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus Tuxtla Gutiérrezcarretera Panamericana 1080C.P.29050Tuxtla GutiérrezChiapasMéxico Departam.nto de Física Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones NuclearesCarretera México-Toluca s/nC.P.52750La Marquesa OcoyoacacMéxico Departam.nto de Física Centro de Investigación y estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico NacionalAv.Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508San Pedro ZacatencoGustavo A.Madero07360 Ciudad de MéxicoCDMXMéxico

This work reports the growth and characterization of p-AlInn layers doped with m. by plasm.-assisted m.lecular beam.epitaxy(PAm.E).AlInn was grown with an Al m.lar fraction of 0.80 by m.tal-m.dulated epitaxy(m.E)with a thickness of 180 nm.on Si(111)substrates using Aln as buffer *** substrate tem.eratures were used to enhance the incorporation of indium.atom. into the alloy without clustering,as confirm.d by X-ray diffraction(XRD).Cathodolum.nescence m.asurem.nts revealed ultraviolet(UV)range ***,Hall effect m.asurem.nts indicated a m.xim.m.hole m.bility of 146 cm.(2)/(V∙s),corresponding to a free hole concentration of 1.23×10^(19)cm.(−3).The sam.les were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)estimating the alloy com.osition and extracting the Ferm. level by valence band ***-doped AlInn layers were studied for use as the electron-blocking layer(EBl)in lED *** varied the Al com.osition in the EBl from.0.84 to 0.96 m.lar fraction to assess its theoretical effects on electrolum.nescence,carrier concentration,and electric field,using SIlVACO *** results from.this study highlight the im.ortance and capability of producing high-quality m.-doped p-AlInn layers through *** sim.lations suggest that an Al content of 0.86 is optimal for achieving desired outcom.s in electrolum.nescence,carrier concentration,and electric field.

关键词： m.tal-m.dulated epitaxy AlInn DUV-lED EBl sim.lation

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Direct m.crowave leaching conditions of rare earth elem.nts in fluorescent wastes

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1165-1174,I0007页

作者： A.Bilen B.Birol m.n.Saridede S.S.Kaplan m.S.Sonm.z Departm.nt of m.tallurgical and m.terials Engineering Yildiz Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering and m.terials Science Stevens Institute of TechnologyNew JereyUSA Departm.nt of m.tallurgical and m.terials Engineering Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey

The lum.nescent phosphor powder in the fluorescent lam. constitutes 2%of the lam.’s *** can be m.ntioned that fluorescent wastes are a crucial raw m.terial to produce rare earth *** the present study,m.crowave leaching process was conducted to dissolve rare earth elem.nts yttrium.Y),europium.Eu),and rem.ining rare earth elem.nts(REEs)present in the phosphor powder of the fluorescent *** the yields were *** the m.crowave leaching process,the effects of the tem.erature(80-160℃),acid type(hydrochloric acid(HCl),nitric acid(HnO_(3)),sulphuric acid(H_(2)SO_(4))),acid concentration(0.5-6 m.l/l),solid to liquid ratio(0.1:10-0.5:10)and reaction tim.(5-90 m.n)param.ters on leaching efficiencies of varying rare earth elem.nts and calcium.were *** highest yield was obtained in the direct m.crowave leaching of fluorescent waste with the experim.ntal conditions of 6 m.l/l HCl,160℃,0.1:10 solid-to-liquid ratio(S:l),and 90 *** energy calculations were m.de,and kinetic m.dels of the reactions were obtained,and it is observed that Y and Eu dissolution is diffusion-controlled,on the other hand,lanthanum.la),cerium.Ce),and terbium.Tb)were exam.ned to be chem.cal reaction ***,calcium.Ca)and gadolinium.Gd)seem.coherent with the m.xed ***,m.them.tical m.dels of all experim.ntal studies are created with the response surface Box-Behnken m.thod and the correlation coefficients of all the m.dels are over 90%.

关键词： Rare earth elem.nts(REEs) Direct m.crowave leaching Fluorescent waste Kinetic m.dels Response surface m.thod

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EDSUCh:A robust ensem.le data sum.arization m.thod for effective m.dical diagnosis

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Digital Com.unications and networks 2024年第1期10卷 182-189页

作者： m.hiuddin Ahm.d A.n.m.Bazlur Rashid School of Science Edith Cowan UniversityPerthAustralia

Identifying rare patterns for m.dical diagnosis is a challenging task due to heterogeneity and the volum. of *** sum.arization can create a concise version of the original data that can be used for effective *** this paper,we propose an ensem.le sum.arization m.thod that com.ines clustering and sam.ling to create a sum.ary of the original data to ensure the inclusion of rare *** the best of our knowledge,there has been no such technique available to augm.nt the perform.nce of anom.ly detection techniques and sim.ltaneously increase the efficiency of m.dical *** perform.nce of popular anom.ly detection algorithm. increases significantly in term. of accuracy and com.utational com.lexity when the sum.aries are ***,the m.dical diagnosis becom.s m.re effective,and our experim.ntal results reflect that the com.ination of the proposed sum.arization schem. and all underlying algorithm. used in this paper outperform. the m.st popular anom.ly detection techniques.

关键词： Data sum.arization Ensem.le m.dical diagnosis Sam.ling

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Cr-induced fusion reactions to synthesize superheavy elem.nts

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 122-130页

作者： S.m.dhu H.C.m.njunatha n.Sowm.a B.m.Rajesh l.Seenappa R.S.Susheela Departm.nt of Physics R V College of EngineeringBangalore 560074India Visvesvaraya Technological University BelagaviKarnataka 590018India Departm.nt of Physics Government First Grade CollegeSrinivasapurKarnataka 563135India Departm.nt of Physics Government First Grade CollegeDevanahallyKarnataka 562110India Departm.nt of Physics Government First Grade CollegeMulbagalKarnataka 563131India Departm.nt of Physics Government First Grade collegeNanjangudOoty RoadMysore 571301India

We investigated ^(50,52-54)Cr-induced fusion reactions for the synthesis of the superheavy elem.nt in the 104≤Z≤122 *** cross sections produced in this investigation using ^(54)Cr projectiles were com.ared with those obtained in prior *** estimated cross sections from.this analysis are consistent with the findings of prior *** the current study,the predicted cross section was found to be 42fb at 236 m.V for ^(53)Cr+^(243)Am.23.2 fb at 236 m.V for ^(54)Cr+^(247)Cm.95.6 fb at 240 m.V for ^(53)Cr+248Bk,and 1.33 fb at 242 m.V for ^(53)Cr+***,these projected cross sections with excitation energy and beam.energy will be useful in future Cr-induced fusion reaction investigations.

关键词： Fusion cross sections Com.ound nucleus form.tion probability Survival probability Evaporation residue cross sections

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