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Summer extreme precipitation patterns and synoptic-scale circulation precursors over the Tibetan Plateau

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1625-1638页

作者： Zhiyuan DiNG Yao ha Zhong ZHONG College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Key laboratory for Virtual Geographic Environment School of Geography ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Jiangsu Collaborative innovation Center for Climate Change School of Atmospheric SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

in the context of global warming,the extreme summer precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau(TP)has changed *** this study,the summer(June–August)extreme precipitation on the TP was classified into three spatial types by applying the K-means clustering method to the Third Pole Region long time-series high-resolution(1/30°)precipitation dataset(TPHi Pr,1979–2020).The characteristics of the circulation anomalies and precursors corresponding to the extreme precipitation on the TP in summer during 1979–2020 were *** results showed that the summer extreme precipitation of the TP can be categorized into northwestern(NW),southeastern(SE),and southern Himalayan(HS)types based on extreme precipitation *** NW and SE types are mainly influenced by anomalous signals in the mid-to-high latitude regions upstream of them,whereas the HS type is controlled by the localized subtropical anomalous *** the 8th day before the onset of the NW type,an anomalous cyclone was observed in the western Atlantic Ocean(60°W,50°N),which triggered the west-to-east quasi-latitudinal propagation of Rossby *** the onset day of the NW type,the upper troposphere showed positive-negative-positive geopotential height anomalies along the latitudinal 40°N from the Caspian Sea,the western part of Xinjiang,to the northeastern *** entered from the Arabian Sea along the southeastern edge of the anomalous cyclone on the southwestern TP and converged in the northwestern *** to the NW type,the precursors of the SE type appeared at higher latitudes and were more *** the 8th day before the onset of the SE type,an anomalous cyclone occurred near Greenland(60°W,70°N)and excited Rossby waves propagating *** the onset day of the SE type,the upper troposphere showed negative-positive-negative geopotential height anomalies across Eurasia from the Ural Mountains and the iranian Plateau to the northern TP in the northwest-southeast directi

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Summer extreme precipitation Atmospheric circulation anomaly Precursor Teleconnection wave train

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Propulsion Modeling and Analysis of a Biomimetic Swimmer

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2010年第3期7卷 259-266页

作者： Ngoc San ha Nam Seo Goo Smart Microsystem Research lab. Department of Advanced Technology FusionKonkuk University

We have studied a biomimetic swimmer based on the motion of bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) theoretically andexperimentally. The swimmer has an ellipsoidal cell body propelled by a helical filament. The performance of this swimmer wasestimated by modeling the dynamics of a swimmer in viscous fluid. We applied the Resistive Force Theory (RFT) on this modelto calculate the linear swimming speed and the efficiency of the model. A parametric study on linear velocity and efficiency tooptimize the design of this swimmer was demonstrated. in order to validate the theoretical results, a biomimetic swimmer wasfabricated and an experiment setup was prepared to measure the swimming speed and thrust force in silicone oil. The experimentalresults agree well with the theoretical values predicted by RFT. in addition, we studied the flow patterns surrounding thefilament with a finite element simulation with different Reynolds number (Re) to understand the mecha.ism of propulsion. Thesimulation results provide information on the nature of flow patterns generated by swimming filament. Furthermore, the thrustforces from the simulation were compared with the thrust forces from theory. The simulation results are in good agreement withthe theoretical results.

关键词： biomimetic microrobots swimming microrobots propulsion of flagella flow visualization medical application

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A novel benzo[4,5]furo[3,2-d]pyrimidine-based host as a n-type host for blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes

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Science China Materials 2022年第4期65卷 1028-1033页

作者： Junsu ha Junseop lim Jun Yeob lee School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University2066Seobu-roJangan-guSuwon-siGyeonggi-do16419Republic of Korea

An electron-transport-type host was synthesized using a benzo[4,5]furo[3,2-d]pyrimidine(BFP)core to develop a high triplet energy *** host was designed to have both the tetraphenylsilyl blocking group and the hole-transport-type carbazole *** the device application,the host was used as an electron-transport-type host mixed with a hole-transport-type 3,3'-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-1,1†-biphenyl(mCBP)host in the blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes(PhO-lEDs)doped with a[[5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-phenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrazin-1-yl-2(3H)-ylidene]-1,2-phenylene]bis-[[6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-phenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrazin-1-yl-2(3H)-ylidene]-1,2-phenylene]iridium(ir(cb)3)blue *** a result,the mCBP:CzBFPmSi mixed host showed high external quantum efficiency over 20%at 1000 cd m^(−2) and low efficiency roll-off in the blue PhOlEDs.

关键词： blue device host efficiency lifetime

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An Antimony Oxide pH Electrode for Tissue Culture Medium

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稀有金属材料与工程 2006年第A3期35卷 261-263页

作者： Yang ha Min Wang Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310028 China

A new approach named“caterpillar melt method”was developed to prepare wire type antimony oxide electrode for pH measurement in agar medium for tissue culture.A micro antimony wire was prepared from melt of the metal with the help of a glass capillary and the surface of the wire was oxidized in nitrate melt to obtain an antimony oxide electrode. Characterization results showed that the oxide layer is dense and uniform,with high physical and chemical *** electrode has a fast and stable response toward pH change for aqueous *** potential of the antimony electrode has a linear relationship with the pH of the solution (R^2=1.00) with a sensitivity of 54.1mV/*** electrode works well and is more stable in agar medium during tissue culture for pH monitoring.

关键词： pH measurement antimony oxide pH electrode tissue culture media

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A procedural footprint enhancement of global topographic surface with multiple levels of detail

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international Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第4期13卷 527-545页

作者： lukáš Brůha Jan Kolář Faculty of Science Department of Applied Geoinformatics and CartographyCharles University in PraguePragueCzech Republic Grifinor Project CopenhagenDenmark

Virtual globes are technologies for visual navigation through a threedimensional,multi-resolution model of the entire *** representations used in virtual globes,however,lack geometric flexibility at high-resolution levels of the planet-wide terrain *** is a problem especially if boundaries between individual geospatial features and the terrain are important.A novel integration of individual polygonal boundaries with a specific multi-resolution representation of the planet-wide terrain is developed in this *** the preparation stage,the integration relies on an original simplification algorithm applied to the polygonal boundaries between geospatial features and the *** output is a multiple level-of-detail(lOD)geometry,which can be combined with a known multi-lOD representation of the terrain that uses run-time *** data representation is suitable for storage in existing database systems,avoids any data redundancy across lODs,and is even independent of the subdivision schema that partitions the planet’s surface for the sake of dealing with *** runtime,a novel reconstruction algorithm stitches geometric parts from different lODs together in a manner that augments the multi-lOD representation of the *** a certain proximity range from a given position,the method reconstructs a scene that preserves topological relations between the boundaries of geospatial features with the *** method also guarantees that certain nearest proximity to the given position consists of the best geometries that correspond to the original *** properties of the method close up the gap between a mere exploratory visualization of static,pre-generated models and the models supporting geospatial analysis,which is deemed crucial for applications in Geographic information Systems,Building information Modelling and other software industries.A prototype implementation and experiment results that prove this method are also prese

关键词： Feature-based topography multiple level-of-detail procedural modeling vector data organization geometry reconstruction

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learning models for endoscopic ultrasonography in gastrointestinal endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第17期21卷 5176-5182页

作者： Gwang ha Kim Sung Jo Bang Joo ha Hwang Department of internal Medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine Biomedical Research institute Pusan National University HospitalBusan 602-739South Korea Department of internal Medicine Ulsan University Hospital University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan 682-714South Korea Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA 98104United States

Endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) has become a useful diagnostic and therapeutic modality in gastrointestinal ***,EUS requires additional training since it requires simultaneous endoscopic manipulation and ultrasonographic *** adequate EUS training can be challenging since EUS is highly operator-dependent and training on actual patients can be associated with an increased risk of complications including inaccurate ***,several models have been developed to help facilitate training of *** models currently available for EUS training include computer-based simulators,phantoms,ex vivo models,and live animal *** each model has its own merits and limitations,the value of these different models is rather complementary than ***,there is a lack of objective data regarding the efficacy of each model with recommendations on the use of various training models based on expert opinion ***,objective studies evaluating the efficacy of various EUS training models on technical and clinical outcomes are still needed.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasonography Training Phantom Computer simulation Animal model

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Significance of age and comorbidity as prognostic indicators for patients with bladder cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第5期12卷 766-774页

作者： Moon Soo ha.in Ho Chang Department of Urology College of Medicine Chung-Ang University Seou1140-75 7 Korea

The aim of this study was to determine the impact that age and comorbidity status have on both overall and bladder cancer-specific survival of bladder cancer patients. We obtained medical information pertaining to a population of 528 patients with newly diagnosed bladder cancer from Chung-Ang University Hospital cancer registry. The Adult Comorbidity Evaluation-27 （ACE-27） test, which has been previously validated in adult cancer patients, was used to assess comorbidity. We evaluated differences in the demographic and clinical characteristics of included patients, as well as differences in the treatments they received after categorizing them by age. The median age at the time of bladder cancer diagnosis of the entire cohort was 63 years, and the median follow-up time was 97 months. Of the 528 patients who were included in our study, 303 had at least one comorbid condition and 249 died during the follow-up period. When patients were stratified by age, we found that older patients had a higher proportion of severe comorbidities （P 〈 0.01） than younger patients, and that a lower proportion of them underwent radical cystec- tomy for invasive bladder cancer （iBC）（P 〈 0.01）. By multivariate analysis, we found that older age was predictive of lower overall survival （OS） and bladder cancer-specific survival （BCSS） rates among patients with superficial bladder cancer （SBC） and of lower OS rates among patients with iBC. We also found that moderate-severe comorbidity status and treatment through a bladder-conserving approach were predictive of lower OS and cancer-specific survival rates among patients with iBC. The disparity between overall deaths and bladder cancer deaths was shown in SBC and increased along with age and higher comorbidity. Age and comorbidity were found to be independent predictive factors of OS and BCSS among bladder cancer patients, and explained the disparity that we observed between overall bladder cancer-specific mortality rates.

关键词： age comorbidity neoplasm prognostic indicator urinary bladder

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Bifurcation Analysis of the Voltage Controlled Photosensitive Chaotic Oscillator

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Chinese Physics letters 2013年第6期30卷 42-45页

作者： Van ha Nguyen han Jung Song Department of Nano Systems Engineering Inje UniversityGimhae 621-749Korea Center for Nano Manufacturing Inje UniversityGimhae 621-749Korea

A photosensitive chaotic oscillator which can be controlled with light illumination under various control voltage levels is *** oscillator consists of a photodiode for the light input,clock switches and capacitors for the sample and hold function,a nonlinear function that creates an adjustable chaos map,and a voltage shifter that adjusts the output voltage for *** optimizing the photodiode sub-circuit by using an available photodiode model in PC-based simulation program with integrated circuit empha.is to obtain a suitable output,the full chaotic circuit is verified with standard 0.6-μm complementary metal oxide semiconductor *** dynamics are analyzed as a function of the light intensity under different control voltage *** time series,frequency spectra,transitions in state spaces,bifurcation diagrams and the largest lyapunov exponent are improved.

关键词： oscillator chaotic function

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Effect of length Scale Tuning of Background Error in WRF-3DVAR System on Assimilation of High-Resolution Surface Data for Heavy Rainfall Simulation

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2012年第6期29卷 1142-1158页

作者： Ji-Hyun ha Dong-Kyou lEE Atmospheric Sciences Program School of Earth and Environmental SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 151-747Korea

We investigated the impact of tuning the length scale of the background error covariance in the Weather Research and Forecasting （WRF） three-dimensional variational assimilation （3DVAR） system. in particular, we studied the effect of this parameter on the assimilation of high-resolution surface data for heavy rainfall forecasts associated with mesoscale convective systems over the Korean Peninsula. in the assimilation of high-resolution surface data, the National Meteorological Center method tended to exaggerate the length scale that determined the shape and extent to which observed information spreads out. in this study, we used the difference between observation and background data to tune the length scale in the assimilation of high-resolution surface data. The resulting assimilation clearly showed that the analysis with the tuned length scale was able to reproduce the small-scale features of the ideal field effectively. We also investigated the effect of a double-iteration method with two different length scales, representing large and small-length scales in the WRF-3DVAR. This method reflected the large and small-scale features of observed information in the model fields. The quantitative accuracy of the precipitation forecast using this double iteration with two different length scales for heavy rainfall was high; results were in good agreement with observations in terms of the maximum rainfall amount and equitable threat scores. The improved forecast in the experiment resulted from the development of well-identified mesoscale convective systems by intensified low-level winds and their consequent convergence near the rainfall area.

关键词： WRF 3DVAR tuning surface data heavy rainfall

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Optimizing perioperative Crohn's disease management: Role of coordinated medical and surgical care

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第4期21卷 1182-1188页

作者： Jennifer l Bennett Christina Y ha Jonathan E Efron Susan l Gearhart Mark G lazarev Elizabeth C Wick Department of Surgery The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States Division of Gastroenterology the Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States Division of Digestive Diseases the David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095United States

AiM: To investigate rates of re-establishing gastroenterology care, colonoscopy, and/or initiating me-dical therapy after Crohn's disease(CD) surgery at a tertiary care referral ***: CD patients ha.ing small bowel or ileocolonic resections with a primary anastomosis between 2009-2012 were identified from a tertiary academic referral center. CD-specific features, medications, and surgical outcomes were abstracted from the medical record. The primary outcome measure was compliance rates with medical follow-up within 4 wk of hospital discharge and surveillance colonoscopy within 12 mo of surgery. RESUlTS: Eighty-eight patients met study inclusion criteria with 92%(n = 81) of patients returning for surgical follow-up compared to only 41%(n = 36) of patients with documented gastroenterology follow-up within four-weeks of hospital discharge, P iated with more timely postoperative medical follow-up included younger age, longer length of hospitalization, postoperative biologic use and academic center patients. in the study cohort, 75.0% of patients resumed medical therapy within 12 mo, whereas only 53.4% of patients underwent a colonoscopy within 12 mo of ***: Our study highlights the need for coordinated CD multidisciplinary clinics and structured handoffs among providers to improve of quality of care in the postoperative setting.

关键词： Coordinated care Crohn’s disease Postoperative pro

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