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Blood platelet and monocyte activations and relation to stages of liver cirrhosis

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第18期11卷 2754-2758页

作者： Anatol Panasiuk Janusz zak Edwina Kasprzycka Katarzyna Janicka Danuta Prokopowicz Department of Infectious Diseases Medical University of Bialystok Poland Department of Pediatrics Diagnostics Medical University of Bialystok Poland

AIM: Blood platelets (pIt) and monocytes are the cells that play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of liver damage and liver cirrhosis (LC). In this paper, the analysis of mutual relationship between platelets and monocytes activation in LC was conducted. METHODS: Immunofluorescent flow cytometry was used to measure the percentage of activated platelet populations (CD62P, CD63), the percentage of plt-monocyte aggregates (pma) (CD41/CD45), and activated monocytes (CD11b, CD14, CD16) in the blood of 20 volunteers and 40 patients with LC. Platelet activation markers: sP-selectin, platelet factor 4 (PF4), beta-thromboglobulin (PTG) and monocyte chemotactic peptide-1 (MCP-1) were measured and compared in different stages of LC. RESULTS: Platelet activation with the increase in both βTG serum concentration and elevation of pIt population (CD62P and CD63 as well as MIF CD62P and CD63) is elevated as LC develops and thrombocytopenia rises. There is a positive correlation between medial intensity of fluorescence (MIF) CD62P and MIF CD63 in LC. We did not show any relationship between monocyte activation and pma level. SP-selectin concentration correlates positively with pIt count and pma, and negatively with stage of pIt activation and MIF CD62P and MIF CD63. There was no correlation between MCP-1 concentration and pIt, monocyte activation as well as pma level in LC. CD16 monocytes and MIF CD16 populations are significantly higher in the end stage of LC. A positive correlation occurs between the value of CDllb monocyte population and MIF CD14 and MIF CD16 on monocytes in LC. CONCLUSION: Platelet and monocyte activation plays an important role in LC. Platelet activation stage does not influence monocyte activation and production of pIt aggregates with monocytes in LC. With LC development, thrombocytopenia may be the result of pIt consumption in platelet-monocyte aggregates.

关键词： Blood platelet Monocyte Liver cirrhosis Flow cytometry

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Phagocytic and oxidative burst activity of neutrophils in the end stage of liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第48期11卷 7661-7665页

作者： Anatol Panasiuk Jolanta Wysocka Elzbieta Maciorkowska Bozena Panasiuk Danuta Prokopowicz Janusz zak Karol Radomski Department of Infectious Diseases Department of Pediatrics Diagnostics Department of Pediatric Nursing

AIM：To evaluate the phagocytic activity and neutrophil oxidative burst in liver ***： In 45 patients with advanced postalcoholic liver cirrhosis （aged 45±14 years） and in 25 healthy volunteers （aged 38±5 years）, the percentage of phagocytizing cells after in vitro incubation with E. coli （Phagotest Kit）, phagocytic activity （mean intensity of fluorescence, MIF） and the percentage of neutrophil oxidative burst （Bursttest Kit）, and the level of free oxygen radical production （MIF of Rodamine 123） were analyzed by flow cytometry. The levels of soluble sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, sP-selectin, sE-selectin, sL-selectin, and TNF-α were determined in blood ***： The percentage of E. coli phagocytizing neutrophils in liver cirrhosis patients was comparable to that in healthy subjects. MIF of neutrophil - ingested E. coli was higher in patients with liver cirrhosis. The oxidative burst in E. coli phagocytizing neutrophils generated less amount of active oxygen compounds in liver cirrhosis pa- tients （MIF of R123：24.7±7.1 and 29.7±6.6 in healthy, P〈0.01）. Phorbol myristate acetate （PMA） - stimulated neutrophilsproduced less reactive oxidants in liver cirrhosis patients than in healthy subjects （MIF of R123： 42.7±14.6 vs 50.2±13.3, P〈0.01）. A negative correlation was observed between oxidative burst MIF of PMA-stimulated neutrophils and ALT and AST levels （r -0.35, P〈0.05; r-0.4, P〈0.03）. sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, sE-selectin concentrations correlated negatively with the oxygen free radical production （MIF of R123） in neutrophils after PMA stimulation in liver cirrhosis patients （r-0.45, P〈0.05, r-0.41, P〈0.05; r-0.39, P〈0.05, respectively）.CONCLUSION： Neutrophil metabolic activity diminishes together with the intensification of liver failure. The metabolic potential of phagocytizing neutrophils is significantly lower in liver cirrhosis patients, which can be one of the causes of immune mechanism damage. The evaluation of oxygen metabolism of E. coli-stimulated neutrophils

关键词： Neutrophil Phagocytosis Oxidative burst Liver cirrhosis Flow cytometry

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Opportunities for tidal range projects beyond energy generation:Using Mersey barrage as a case study

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2019年第4期8卷 620-633页

作者： Sean Petley Daneel Starr Linda Parish zak Underwood George A.Aggidis Department of Engineering Lancaster UniversityGillow AvenueLancasterLA174YWUK School of Architecture Liverpool UniversityLeverhulme BuildingLiverpoolL697ZNUK

Currently there is renewed interest in harnessing the vast tidal resource to combat the twin challenges of climate change and energy ***,within the UK no tidal barrage proposals have passed the development stage,this is due to a combination of high cost and environmental *** paper demonstrates how a framework,such as the North West Hydro Resource Model can be applied to tidal barrages,with the Mersey barrage as a case *** model materialised in order to provide developers with a toot to successfully identify the capacity of hydropower schemes in a specific location.A key feature of the resource model is the understanding that there is no single barrier to the utilisation of small hydropower but several obstacles,which together impede ***,this paper contributes in part to a fully holistic treatment of tidal barrages,recognising that apart from energy generation,other environmental,societal and economic opportunities arise and must be fully investigated for robust *** study demonstrates how considering the societal needs of the people and the necessity for compensatory habitats,for example,an organic architectural design has developed,which aims to enhance rather than detract from the Mersey.

关键词： Renewable energy Tidal power Tidal barrage Mersey estuary Architectural concepts Environmental concepts

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Combination therapy using evening primrose oil and electrical stimulation to improve nerve function following a crush injury of sciatic nerve in male rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第3期12卷 458-463页

作者： Omid Badri Parviz Shahabi Jalal Abdolalizadeh Mohammad Reza Alipour Hadi Veladi Mehdi Farhoudi Mohsen Sharif zak Tabriz University of Medical Sciences International Branch ArasTabrizIran Neuroscience Research Center Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran Immunology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran Drug Applied Research Center Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran Microsystem Fabrication Laboratory Tabriz UniversityTabrizlran Department of Biochemistry Faculty of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran

Peripheral nerve injuries with a poor prognosis are *** primrose oil（EPO） has beneficial biological effects and immunomodulatory *** electrical activity plays a major role in neural regeneration,the present study investigated the effects of electrical stimulation（ES）,combined with evening primrose oil（EPO）,on sciatic nerve function after a crush injury in *** anesthetized rats,the sciatic nerve was crushed using small haemostatic forceps followed by ES and/or EPO treatment for 4 *** recovery of the sciatic nerve was assessed using the sciatic functional *** changes of gastrocnemius muscle atrophy were investigated by light *** changes were assessed by the nerve conduction velocity of sciatic *** was used to determine the remyelination of the sciatic nerve following the *** ＋ ES,EPO,and ES obviously improved sciatic nerve function assessed by the sciatic functional index and nerve conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve at 28 days after *** of the peripheral nerve remyelination marker,protein zero（P0）,was increased in the treatment groups at 28 days after *** atrophy severity was decreased significantly while the nerve conduction velocity was increased significantly in rats with sciatic nerve injury in the injury ＋ EPO ＋ ES group than in the EPO or ES *** speaking,the combined use of EPO and ES may produce an improving effect on the function of sciatic nerves injured by a *** increased expression of P0 may have contributed to improving the functional effects of combination therapy with EPO and ES as well as the electrophysiological and histopathological features of the injured peripheral nerve.

关键词： nerve regeneration peripheral nerve injury sciatic nerve injury evening primrose oil electrical stimulation sciatic functional index cuff electrode neural regeneration

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Modelling of composite crystallization

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China Foundry 2012年第2期9卷 184-188页

作者： Jozef Szczepan Suchy Janusz Lelito Beata Gracz Pawel Leszek zak Halina Krawiec AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Foundry Engineering

Metal matrix composites(MMCs)have received much attention due to their promising advanced mechanical *** aim of this work is to create a micro-macro model of composite *** developed model is coupled with the process of heat flow in the macroscopic scale,resulting from the heat emission during the nucleation and the growth of *** into account both of these phenomena,the proposed model is distinguished by a good reflection of ***,the presented model assumes that the function of grain density depends on the maximal supercooling and the mass volume of the reinforcement phase *** knowledge of the equations,describing the function of grain density depending on the degree of supercooling,is necessary in the,more and more often used,numerical modelling of the casting structure.

关键词： modelling crystallization composite grain density

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WS2 nanoflakes from nanotubes for electrocatalysis

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Nano Research 2013年第12期6卷 921-928页

作者： Charina L. Choi Ju Feng Yanguang Li Justin Wu Alia zak Reshef Tenne Hongjie Dai Department of Chemistry Stanford University California 94305 USA Department of Science Holon Academic Institute of Technology Holon 58102 Israel Department of Materials and Interfaces Weizmann Institute Rehovot 76100 Israel

Next-generation catalysts for water splitting are crucial towards a renewable hydrogen economy. MoS2 and WS2 represent earth-abundant, noble metal cathode alternatives with high catalytic activity at edge sites. One challenge in their development is to nanostructure these materials in order to achieve increased performance through the creation of additional edge sites. In this work, we demonstrate a simple route to form nanostructured-WS2 using sonochemical exfoliation to break interlayer and intralayer bonds in WS2 nanotubes. The resulting few-layer nanoflakes are -100 nm wide with a high density of edge sites. WS2 nanoflakes are utilized as cathodes for the hydrogen evolution reaction （HER） and exhibit superior performance to WS2 nanotubes and bulk particles, with a lower onset potential, shallower Tafel slope and increased current density. Future work may employ ultra-small nanoflakes, dopant atoms, or graphene hybrids to further improve electrocatalytic activity.

关键词： tungsten disulfide nanotubes nanostructuring hydrogen evolution

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Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial activity of γ-irradiated silver nanoparticles in aqueous gelatin

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第4期20卷 403-409页

作者： Majid Darroudi Mansor B. Ahmad Mohammad Hakimi Reza Zamiri Ali Khorsand zak Hasan Ali Hosseini Mohsen Zargar Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Universiti Putra Malaysia Chemistry Department Payame Noor University Department of Materials Engineering and Ceramic CICECO University of Aveiro Electroceramics and Materials Lab. Physics Department Faculty of Science Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Faculty of Science Qom Branch Islamic Azad University

Colloidal silver nanoparticles （Ag-NPs） were obtained through γ-irradiation of aqueous solutions containing AgNO3 and gelatin as a silver source and stabilizer, respectively. The absorbed dose of γ-irradiation influences the particle diameter of the Ag-NPs, as evidenced from surface plasmon resonance （SPR） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） images. When the γ-irradiation dose was increased （from 2 to 50 kGy）, the mean particle size was decreased continuously as a result of γ-induced Ag-NPs fragmentation. The antibacterial properties of the Ag-NPs were tested against Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA）（Gram-positive） and Pseudomonas aeruginosa （P.a）（Gram-negative） bacteria. This approach reveals that the γ-irradiation-mediated method is a promising simple route for synthesizing highly stable Ag-NPs in aqueous solutions with good antibacterial properties for different applications.

关键词： silver nanoparticles silver nitrate gelatin gamma rays irradiation bacteria

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Entanglement in Livings

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Journal of Quantum Information Science 2012年第3期2卷 66-77页

作者： michail zak Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena USA

This paper discusses quantum-inspired models of Livings from the viewpoint of information processing. The model of Livings consists of motor dynamics simulating actual behavior of the object, and mental dynamics representing evolution of the corresponding knowledge-base and incorporating it in the form of information flows into the motor dynamics. Due to feedback from mental dynamics, the motor dynamics attains quantum-like properties: its trajectory splits into a family of different trajectories, and each of those trajectories can be chosen with the probability prescribed by the mental dynamics The paper concentrates on discovery of a new type of entanglement that correlates the probabilities of actions of Livings rather than the actions themselves.

关键词： Entanglement Information Motor/Mental Dynamics Probability Feedback

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Toward Quantum-Inspired Model of Mind

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Journal of Quantum Information Science 2014年第1期4卷 22-43页

作者： michail zak Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena USA

This paper proposes a mathematical formalism for describing the machinery of human mind creativity. Since some functions of mind support discreteness of cognition, but others support its continuity, while time in physics is always continuous, an attempt to overcome the continuous/discrete duality of mind performance is implemented via utilization of special critical points: terminal attractors and repellers that act as autonomous biological clock. In this paper, attention is concentrated upon the discrete mode of the mind activity since the continuous mode was introduced and discussed in details in our previous publications. The fundamental novelty of the model is in its capability to move from disorder to order without external inputs in violation of the second law of thermodynamics;that suggests that this kind of dynamics requires extension of modern physics to include physics of life. Conceptually the discrete model links to its continuous version represented by a hypothetical particle of life that is briefly discussed prior to derivation of the discrete model. However, the discrete model should be considered as the next step in study of mind dynamics since it provides a bridge to mathematical origin of self-generated novelties in such brunches as mathematical logic and linguistic, i.e. the highest level activities of human mind. The proposed model deals with rules of mind activity rather than with its content.

关键词： Mind Creativity Terminal Singularities Biological Clock

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Decision support system for the mobile volcano fast response system

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2010年第3期3卷 280-291页

作者： S.Bernsdorf R.Barsch M.Beyreuther K.zakšek M.Hort J.Wassermann CentauronGeosoftware&Consulting JenaGermany Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Ludwig-Maximilians-UniversityMunichGermany Institute of Geophysics University of HamburgHamburgGermany

A mobile volcano fast response system(VFRS)that can be used for volcano monitoring in case of volcanic unrest anywhere in the world is currently under development in *** main goal of the project called Exupéry is to provide the communication technology for stations in the field and an expert system that collects all data from various sources,assembles them in a database,and allows users to assess the data through one common web GIS *** system also includes an integrated automatic alert level including the alert level estimation in order to characterize the activity state of the *** web GIS interface serves as a decision support system to assist scientists and local authorities in deciding how to react in the case of volcanic unrest.

关键词： volcanic unrest decision support system web GIS interface automatic alert level Exupéry VFRS

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