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Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of the General Population of Bukavu in the Democratic Republic of Congo on Blood Donation and Blood Transfusion

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Health 2014年第18期6卷 2525-2534页

作者： Jeff Maotela Kabinda Serge Ahuka Miyanga Sylvain Yuma Ramazani michèle-wilmet dramaix Provincial Blood Transfusion Centre of Bukavu Bukavu Democratic Republic of Congo Catholic University of Bukavu Bukavu Democratic Republic of Congo Research Centre in Biostatistics and Epidemiology Brussels Belgium National Blood Transfusion Centre of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Free University of Brussels Brussels Belgium School of Public Health Brussels Belgium

Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding blood donation in the general population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted and enrolled 416 people between 18 and 65 years old at random, living in three health zones in the city of Bukavu in eastern DRC. These subjects responded to a questionnaire on knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding blood donation. Results: Our sample consisted of 61.5% men, 70.9% of people from one level of education at the secondary level and 60% unemployed. According to the surveyed subjects blood was considered as a fuel of the body in 44.6% and as a source of life in 44.1%. Sixty-one percent of the population did not know the practice of blood donation;this knowledge differed significantly (p level of education. 67.1% of people knew that the blood had negative effects and 27.4% did not know where the blood bags were stored. Channels of knowledge about blood donation practices were associations of blood donors (30.9%), awareness campaigns (18.2%), school (17.3%) and media (15.5%), churches (10%), and friends (8.1%). Approximately 85% of subjects who knew blood donation agreed with blood donation and blood transfusion but only 54.9% had donated blood in their lifetime, with a proportion of loyalty to blood donation (31.8%). In the population 59.4% were willing to donate blood. Motivation to donate blood most common (66%) was volunteerism while 19.1% were willing to donate blood for a family member and 12.6% willing to donate blood against money. The reasons for refusal to donate blood identified were fear of contracting diseases especially HIV, lack of information, religious beliefs, the sale of the collected blood by medical staff, and fear of test result for HIV. Conclusion: Factors of refusal to donate blood were identified. Efforts and new strategies tailored to these factors must be developed and implemented to increase blood donation.

关键词： Blood Donation Bukavu Transfusion Blood Donor

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Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Medical and Paramedical Staff in Blood Transfusion in the Democratic Republic of Congo

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2014年第8期4卷 672-680页

作者： Jeff Maotela Kabinda Serge Ahuka Miyanga Philippe Donnen Jeff Van den Ende michèle-wilmet dramaix Free University of Brussels Brussels Belgium School of Public Health Brussels Belgium Centre for Policy and Health Systems/International Health Brussels Belgium Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp Belgium Provincial Blood Transfusion Centre of Bukavu Bukavu Democratic Republic of Congo Provincial Blood Transfusion Centre of Bukavu Bukavu Democratic Republic of Congo Catholic University of Bukavu Bukavu Democratic Republic of Congo Research Centre in Biostatistics and Epidemiology Brussels Belgium Research Centre in Biostatistics and Epidemiology Brussels Belgium Free University of Brussels Brussels Belgium School of Public Health Brussels Belgium

Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of providers in blood transfusion, HIV infections and hepatitis B and C in the province of South Kivu (eastern DRC). Methods: This study is comparative cross-sectional. It covered all the staff care. Our sample was composed by doctors, nurses, midwives, and agents’ rapid training in activity in health sector in South Kivu between 1 December 2011 and 30 December 2011. Those medical and paramedical staffs came from 12 general reference hospitals, 11 hospitals and 65 health centers in the province of South Kivu. Three hundred and ninety three people were interviewed including 6.5% of physicians, 87.4% of nurses and 5.1% of midwives. Among them, 25.5% had received training in blood transfusion. Results: Overall, 11.7% of providers responded correctly to questions on knowledge and attitude on blood safety. The proportion of correct answers on the knowledge and attitude on exposure accidents was 53.8%. The frequency of caregivers who responded well to the basics of HIV and hepatitis B and C was 15.5%. Notions about the type of donor blood and the risk of blood transfusion received an overall rating of 17.8% and the proportion of correct answers on the knowledge and practice base of blood transfusion was 16.7%. During the six months following the survey, 54.4% of providers have experienced accidental exposure to blood. Conclusion: The lack of knowledge of the medical staff in transfusion is obvious. We must therefore have the possibility of organizing regular training and follow-up activities.

关键词： Health Personnel Transfusion Hepatitis HIV

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Community workers contribution for data quality improvement in routine health information system: Live births number estimation by capture recapture method

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2014年第1期4卷 39-45页

作者： Yolaine Glèlè Ahanhanzo Alphonse Kpozèhouen Noel Moussiliou Paraiso Alain levêque michel Makoutodé michèle dramaix-wilmet Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department Public Health Regional InstituteOuidahBenin Center of Research in Epidemiology Biostatistics and Clinical ResearchSchool of Public HealthUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium Health Promotion Department Public Health Regional InstituteOuidahBenin Environment and Health Department Public Health Regional InstituteOuidahBenin

The lack of reliable vital statistics raises questions about the role of the health information system in acquiring such data, which are essential for planning health services and for the general management of the population’s needs. This study analyzed completeness of the vital data registration system and assessed the potential contribution of a community worker net-work to this system in rural Benin. The capture-recapture method was used in this interventional study to estimate the number of live births from three sources: the Routine Health Information System, the municipality, and community workers in two groups of villages. Log linear modelling was carried out with a Bayesian Information Criterion-weighted estimate of the number of live births. The exhaustiveness of the Routine Health Information System was improved by the contribution of the community workers from 29.3% to 42.5% in the first group, and from 61.7% to 77.5% in the second group. Estimating live births by the capture method in rural settings based on the contribution of community workers could be a more efficient alternative to censuses in acquiring reliable vital statistics.

关键词： Community Health Workers Health Information System Vital Statistics Capture-Recapture Method Benin

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Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV in Pregnant Women in the Community in the Democratic Republic of Congo

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World Journal of AIDS 2015年第2期5卷 124-130页

作者： Jeff Maotela Kabinda Tony Shindano Akilimali Ahuka Serge Miyanga Philippe Donnen dramaix-wilmet michèle Provincial Blood Transfusion Centre of Bukavu Bukavu Congo Catholic University of Bukavu Bukavu Congo Research Centre in Biostatistics and Epidemiology Brussels Belgium Free University of Brussels Brussels Belgium School of Public Health Brussels Belgium Centre for Policy and Health Systems/International Health Brussels Belgium

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV in pregnant women and identify risk factors. Materials and Methods: Descriptive and analytical study on pregnant women in the community Maniema (DRC) between 24 June and 24 July 2013. We enrolled a total of 581 pregnant women. Results: Prevalence among pregnant women was 4.1% (2.5% to 6.3%) for HIV, 5.9% (3.9% to 8.4%) for the HBsAg and 4.1% (2.5% to 6.4%) for hepatitis C. The risk factor was for HIV, blood transfusion history in women. For HBsAg the main risk factor was the tattoo history and no statistically significant factor was found for hepatitis C. Conclusion: To reduce the risk of transmission of hepatitis from mother to child, all pregnant women should be screened prenatally. A strengthening of routine screening of blood products must be done and a health education of the population on the mode of contamination should be conducted.

关键词： HBV HCV HIV Pregnancy Risk Factors

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Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV among Children 6 to 59 Months in the Community in the Democratic Republic of Congo

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2015年第2期5卷 171-178页

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV among children 6 to 59 months and determine the risk factors. Materials and Methods: Descriptive and analytical study on children aged 6 to 59 months of community Maniema (DRC) conducted between 24 June and 24 July 2013. We enrolled 781 children aged 6 to 59 months. For association between the presence of viral markers and potential risk factors the chi-square test of Pearson was applied, the odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. The Fisher exact test was used when the conditions for application of the chi-square test of Pearson were not met. Results: The median age of the children was 34 months, 51% of female children. Ten percent of children had a history of blood transfusion;6.6% and 64% had fever and anemia. The prevalence of HBsAg was 3.6%, the prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis C was 2.8% and HIV was 3.7%. The risk factors were HBsAg, male gender (5.5% male vs 2.0 % female;OR = 2.8(1.3 - 6.9) p = 0.001) and urban areas (5.0% rural vs 0.5% urban, OR = 0.1 (0.01 - 0.72), p = 0.01). For HCV and HIV, these factors were the history of blood transfusion in the child and the mother. For HCV 7.6% of children with blood transfusion history;OR = 3.2 (1.1 - 8.5);p = 0.05 and 11.1% history’s mother blood transfusion, OR = 5.6 (2.1 - 14.1). For HIV 11.4% of children with blood transfusion history, OR = 3.8, p = 0.005 and 9.8% history’s mother blood transfusion, OR = 2.9, p = 0.04. Conclusion: Vaccination against hepatitis B in children must be widespread, educational messages to the population must target the risk factors for these viruses. A screening of hepatitis in pregnant women must be coupled with rigorous selection policy for blood donors before each donation and qualification of any unit of blood.

关键词： HBV HCV HIV Child

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Residual Risk of Transmission of HIV and Hepatitis B and C by Blood Transfusion in Bukavu in the Democratic Republic of Congo

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2014年第3期4卷 157-163页

作者： Jeff Maotela Kabinda André Nyandwe Bulabula Philippe Donnen Réné Fiasse Jeff Van den Ende Daniel Sondag-Thull dramaix-wilmet michèle Catholic University of Bukavu Bukavu Congo Provincial Blood Transfusion Centre of Bukavu Bukavu Congo

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence rates of HIV1/2 antibodies, HBV and HCV antibodies among voluntary blood donors and to estimate the residual risk of HIV, HBV and HCV infection among blood donors in Bukavu. We conducted a follow-up cohort study of volunteer blood donors who have made at least two blood donations in Bukavu (DRC) between January 2010 and December 2012. We recorded 2986 volunteer blood donors during the study period. The residual risk of viral transmission associated with the serological window was considered as equals to the incidence rate multiplied by the duration of the serological window period divided by 365. Seroprevalence in volunteer blood donors in Bukavu was 1.1% for HIV 1/2 antibodies, 4.0% for HBs Ag and 2.1% for hepatitis C antibody. The number of conversion between two blood donations (incident cases) were observed is 8, 12 and 37 donors respectively for HIV 1/2, HCV and hepatitis B between 2010 and 2012. Incidence rates reported for 1000 person-years were 11.0 for HIV, 51.7 for HBV and 17.1 for HCV. The residual risk as estimated from the window was 0.6 per 1000 donations or 1/1.515 donations for HIV, 3.1 per 1000 donations or 1/329 for HCV and 7.9 per 1000 donations or 1/126 donations for hepatitis B. The residual risk is high. The screening tests are not enough to ensure safe blood. The reduction of residual risk would be achieved through the effectiveness of preventive measures taken for transfusion chain, before and after the biological qualification of blood donation.

关键词： Residual Risk Hepatitis HIV Blood Donation

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