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Plant triterpenoid saponins function as susceptibility factors to promote the pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea

Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1073-1089页

作者： Francisco j.Escaray Amelia Felipo-Benavent Cristian j.Antonelli Begona Balaguer Maria Pilar Lopez-Gresa Pablo Vera Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular de Plantas Universidad Politecnica de Valencia-C.S.l.CCiudad Politecnica de la InnovacionEdificio 8Eacceso GIngeniero Fausto Elios/n46022ValenciaSpain

The gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen that causes diseases in hundreds of plant species,including high-value *** polyxenous nature and pathogenic success are due to its ability to perceive host signals in its *** this study,we found that laticifer cells of Euphorbia lathyris are a source of susceptibility factors required by *** to cause ***,poor-in-latex(pil)mutants,which lack laticifer cells,show full resistance to this pathogen,whereas lot-of-latex mutants,which produce more laticifer cells,are *** S factors are triterpenoid saponins,which are widely distributed natural products of vast structural *** downregulation of laticifer-specific oxydosqualene cyclase genes,which encode the first committed step enzymes for triterpene and,therefore,saponin biosynthesis,conferred disease resistance to ***,the Medicago truncatula Iha-1 mutant,compromised in triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis,showed enhanced ***,the application of different purified triterpenoid saponins pharmacologically complemented the diseaseresistant phenotype ofpil and hla-1 mutants and enhanced disease susceptibility in different plant *** found that triterpenoid saponins function as plant cues that signal transcriptional reprogramming in ***,leading to a change in its growth habit and infection strategy,culminating in the abundant formation of infection cushions,the multicellular appressoria apparatus dedicated to plant penetration and biomass destruction in *** together,these results provide an explanation for how plant triterpenoid saponins function as disease susceptibility factors to promote *** pathogenicity.

关键词： Euphorbia lathyris laticifer cell latex appressorium infection cushion necrotrophic fungi

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Effect of even and odd-order aberrations on the accommodation response

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International journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第6期10卷 955-960页

作者： Aikaterini I.Moulakaki Antonio j.Del águila-Carrasco josé j.Esteve-Taboada Robert Montés-micó Department of Optics and Optometry and Vision Sciences University of Valencia C/Dr. Moliner 50 Burjassot 46100 Valencia Spain

AIM： To investigate the potential effect that odd and even-order monochromatic aberrations may have on the accommodation response of the human eye. METHODS： Eight healthy subjects with astigmatism below 1 D, best corrected visual acuity 20/20 or better and normal findings in an ophthalmic examination were enrolled. An adaptive optics system was used in order to measure the accommodation response of the subjects＇ eyes under different conditions： with the natural aber- rations being present, and with the odd and even-order aberrations being corrected. Three measurements of accommodation response were monocularly acquired at accommodation demands ranging from 0 to 4 D （0.5 D step）. RESULTS： The accommodative lag was greater for the accommodate demands of 1.5, 3, 3.5 and 4 D for the condition in which the even-order aberrations were corrected, in comparison to that obtained for the natural aberrations and corrected odd-order aberrations for the same accommodation demands. No statistically significant differences were found between the accommodation responses under the three conditions. CONCLUSION： The odd and even-order aberrations are not helping the visual system to accommodate, because their partial correction do not affect the accommodation performance.

关键词： accommodation response monochromaticaberrations adaptive optics

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Evaluation of the iridocorneal angle with accommodation using optical coherence tomography

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International journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第10期10卷 1614-1616页

作者： Daniel Monsálvez-Romín Antonio Del águila-Carrasco Teresa Ferrer-Blasco josé j.Esteve-Taboada Robert Montés-micó Optics and Optometry and Vision Sciences Department University of Valencia

The changes in the iridocorneal angle structure during accommodation are assessed by means of anterior segment optical coherence *** right eyes were included in the *** device used for the measurement was the Visante？omni *** stimuli were set up at different vergences（0.0 D,-1.5 D,and-3.0 D）.The angle opening distance 500 and 750,the trabecular iris space area 500 and 750,and the scleral spur angle parameters were assessed at the nasal and temporal *** results in the iridotrabecular angle comparing the three accommodative states of the eye did not yield any statistically significant difference at nasal or temporal angle *** light of our results and in the conditions of our study,the structures of the iridocorneal angle are not significantly changed with accommodation.

关键词： iridocorneal angle accommodation optical coherence tomography anterior segment

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microchip imaging cytometer:making healthcare available,accessible,and affordable

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2022年第11期5卷 1-15页

作者： Xilong Yuan Todd Darcie Ziyin Wei j.stewart Aitchison Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONM5S 3G4Canada

The microchip Imaging Cytometer(mic)is a class of integrated point-of-care detection systems based on the combination of optical microscopy and flow *** devices have the attributes of portability,cost-effectiveness,and adaptability while providing quantitative measurements to meet the needs of laboratory testing in a variety of healthcare *** on the use of microfluidic chips,mic requires less sample and can complete sample preparation ***,they can provide quantitative testing results simply using a finger prick *** decreased reagent consumption and reduced form factor also help improve the accessibility and affordability of healthcare services in remote and resource-limited *** this article,we review recent developments of the microchip Imaging Cytometer from the following aspects:clinical applications,microfluidic chip integration,imaging optics,and image ***,we provide an outlook of the field and remark on promising technologies that may enable significant progress in the near future.

关键词： microchip microfluidics flow cytometer imaging cytometer biosensors point-of-care testing biomedical engineering

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Anterior segment imaging using non-invasive high-resolution optical coherence tomography

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Annals of Eye Science 2017年第1期2卷 39-40页

作者： Robert Montés-micó josé.j.Esteve-Taboada Department of Optics and Optometry and Vision Sciences University of ValenciaValenciaSpain

One of the most important developments in the ophthalmology and visual sciences field has been the application of new techniques for imaging the anterior and posterior segment of the eye with non-contact *** techniques have been developed quickly considering that are non-invasive and provide high-resolution images of the different parts of the human ***,the most spread and used technique for non-contact imaging of the human eye is the optical coherence tomography(OCT).OCT technique was first demonstrated in 1991 by Huang et al.(1).

关键词： resolution optical visual

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晶状体随年龄变化光学功能减退

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(眼科学分册) 2006年第3期 59-60页

作者： Alióo j.L Schimchak P Negri H.P Montés-micóR. 潘佳鸿 VISSUM Instituto Oftalmológico de Alicante Edificio VISSUM Avda. Denia s/n 03016 Alicante SpainDr.

Purpose: To evaluate the optical and densitometric changes that take place in the crystalline lens with aging. Design: Crosssectional study. Participants: Seventy-two eyes of 72 patients of different ages (8-80 years) with a clear lens, a visual acuity of 20/25 or better, and no ocular disease. Methods: In each case, the lens thickness, optical density, modulation transfer function (MTF), and intraocular aberrations were measured. Main Outcome Measures: Embryonic and fetal nucleus density, lens thickness, intraocular high-order aberration (HOA), and 0.1 MTF. Results: Embryonic, anterior, and posterior fetal nucleus densities show a positive correlation with age (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, and P < 0.0001, resp ectively). Lens thickness also shows a positive correlation with age (P< 0.0001). Total ocular and corneal HOAs for a 6-mm pupil show a positive correlation with age (P=0.036 and P< 0.0001, respectively). Ocular and corneal Zernike polynomials Z4i+Zi6 and intraocular spherical aberration (Z04) also show a positive correlation with age (P=0.001, P=0.039, and P=0.001, respectively). Intraocular coma aberration (Z-13) shows a negative linear correlation with age (P<0.0001). In addition, 0.1 MTF decreased with age from 18.557 to 10.100 cycles per degree. Conclusion: There is a degradation of the optical quality of the crystalline lens with aging that is associated with morphological changes (thickness and density). These results are important for the consideration of lens replacement in the absence of evident cataract.

关键词：晶状体功能胎儿核胚胎核年龄变化光学

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Adaptive optics as a tool for controlling the optical signals reaching the retina

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Annals of Eye Science 2017年第1期 331-333页

作者： joséj.Esteve-Taboada Teresa Ferrer-Blasco Robert Montés-micó Department of Optics and Optometry and Vision Sciences University of ValenciaValenciaSpain

The use of adaptive optics systems in ophthalmic research studies has increased in the last years thanks to the development of more accurate *** optics was first introduced in Astronomy for the correction of the effects produced by the turbulences of the Earth’s atmosphere when observing astronomical objects(1,2).Sophisticated deformable mirrors controlled by computers can correct in real time atmospheric disturbances,allowing for much finer details on the images of distance *** optics technology makes it possible to correct many of the aberrations with which the wavefront,i.e.,the geometric envelope of all the rays of light that emerged at the same time of the observed object,*** optics allows for obtaining sharper images,and thus,with better spatial resolution.

关键词： optics details correction

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Effects of sediment on the dynamic pressure of water and sediment on dams

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第6期46卷 521-524页

作者： j.K.Hung China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Beijing China University of Pittsburgh USA

After a reservoir has been in operation for a period of time, a sediment layer is likely formed before the dam. Since studies of the effects of sediment layers on the hydrodynamic pressures of impounded water and the aseis-mic responses of dam are few, the dynamic effect of sediment may be applied neither in the seismic design of new dams nor in the assessment of earthquake safety of existing dams. However, a common practice of the action of sediment layers and foundation is based on a partial energy absorption boundary. It is shown that during a vertical harmonic ground motion, the sediment layer could alter the natural frequencies of reservoir. The dynamic pressure on a rigid vertical dam face caused by the vertical ground motion is obtained through a computational model and an experimental test by using a shaking table. With a change in the thickness of sediment, the frequency corresponding to the inertia amplification effect appears to vary gradually. The results are useful for further study of

关键词： dam earthquake hydrodynamic pressure sediment.

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Siderophore-Producing Rhizobacteria as a Promising Tool for Empowering Plants to Cope with Iron Limitation in Saline Soils:A Review

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Pedosphere 2019年第4期29卷 409-420页

作者： Maria j.FERREIRA Helena SILVA Angela CUNHA Biology Department and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies(CESAM) University of Aveiro Campus de Santigo

Iron(Fe) bioavailability to plants is reduced in saline soils;however, the exact mechanisms underlying this effect are not yet completely understood. Siderophore-expressing rhizobacteria may represent a promising alternative to chemical fertilizers by simultaneously tackling salt-stress effects and Fe limitation in saline soils. In addition to draught, plants growing in arid soils face two other major challenges: high salinity and Fe deficiency. Salinity attenuates growth, affects plant physiology, and causes nutrient imbalance,which is, in fact, one of the major consequences of saline stress. Iron is a micronutrient essential for plant development, and it is required by several metalloenzymes involved in photosynthesis and respiration. Iron deficiency is associated with chlorosis and low crop productivity. The role of microbial siderophores in Fe supply to plants and the effect of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR) on the mitigation of saline stress in crop culture are well documented. However, the dual effect of siderophore-producing PGPR, both on salt stress and Fe limitation, is still poorly explored. This review provides a critical overview of the combined effects of Fe limitation and soil salinization as challenges to modern agriculture and intends to summarize some indirect evidence that argues in favour of siderophore-producing PGPR as biofertilization agents in salinized soils. Recent developments and future perspectives on the use of PGPR are discussed as clues to sustainable agricultural practices in the context of present and future climate change scenarios.

关键词： aridity bioavailability biofertilizer Fe deficiency high salinity plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR) saline stress soil salinization

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The pollen tube clear zone: Clues to the mechanism of polarized growth

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journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第1期57卷 79-92页

作者： Peter K.Hepler Lawrence j.Winship Biology Department University of Massachusetts School of Natural Science Hampshire College

Pollen tubes usually exhibit a prominent region at their apex called the ＂clear zone＂ because it lacks light refracting amyloplasts. A robust, long clear zone often associates with fast growing pollen tubes, and thus serves as an indicator of pollen tube health. Nevertheless we do not understand how it arises or how it is maintained. Here we review the structure of the clear zone, and attempt to explain the factors that contribute to its formation. While amyloplasts and vacuolar elements are excluded from the clear zone, virtually all other organelles are present including secretory vesicles, mitochondria, Golgi dictyosomes, and the endoplas-mic reticulum （ER）. Secretory vesicles aggregate into an inverted cone appressed against the apical plasma membrane. ER elements move nearly to the extreme apex, whereas mitochondria and Golgi dictyosomes move less far forward. The cortical actin fringe assumes a central position in the control of clear zone formation and maintenance, given its role in generating cytoplasmic streaming. Other likely factors include the tip-focused calcium gradient, the apical pH gradient, the influx of water, and a host of signaling factors （small G-proteins）. We think that the clear zone is an emergent property that depends on the interaction of several factors crucial for polarized growth.

关键词： Actin endoplasmic reticulum myosin polarized growth pollen tube

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