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Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor activation:anti-inflammatory effects in the brain

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1671-1677页

作者： Yolanda Diz-chaves Zainab Maastor carlos Spuch José Antonio Lamas Lucas c.González-Matías Federico Mallo Biomedical Research centre(cINBIO) Laboratory of EndocrinologyUniversity of VigoGalicia Sur Health Research InstituteVigoSpain Translational Neuroscience Research Group Galicia Sur Health Research InstituteCIBERSAMHospitalÁlvaro CunqueiroSala InvestigaciónEstrada Clara CampoamorVigoSpain Biomedical Research centre(cINBIO) Laboratory of NeuroscienceUniversity of VigoGalicia Sur Health Research InstituteVigoSpain

The glucagon-like peptide 1 is a pleiotropic hormone that has potent insulinotropic effects and is key in treating metabolic diseases such as diabetes and ***-like peptide 1 exerts its effects by activating a membrane receptor identified in many tissues,including diffe rent brain ***-like peptide 1 activates several signaling pathways related to neuroprotection,like the support of cell growth/survival,enhancement promotion of synapse formation,autophagy,and inhibition of the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines,microglial activation,and apoptosis during neural *** glial cells,including astrocytes and microglia,maintain metabolic homeostasis and defe nse against pathogens in the central nervous *** brain insult,microglia are the first cells to respond,followed by reactive *** activated cells produce proinflammato ry mediators like cytokines or chemokines to react to the ***,under these circumstances,mic roglia can become chro nically inflammatory by losing their homeostatic molecular signature and,consequently,their functions during many *** processes promote the development of neurological disorders and influence their pathological evolution:like the formation of protein aggregates,the accumulation of abnormally modified cellular constituents,the formation and release by injured neurons or synapses of molecules that can dampen neural function,and,of critical impo rtance,the dysregulation of inflammato ry control *** glucagonlike peptide 1 receptor agonist emerges as a critical tool in treating brain-related inflammatory pathologies,restoring brain cell homeostasis under inflammatory conditions,modulating mic roglia activity,and decreasing the inflammato ry *** review summarizes recent advances linked to the anti-inflammato ry prope rties of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor activation in the brain related to multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer’s disease,Parkins

关键词： astrocytes brain glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor inflammation microglia

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Exosomes: Emerging implementation of nanotechnology for detecting and managing novel corona virus-SARS-coV-2

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical sciences 2022年第1期17卷 20-34页

作者： Akhilesh Dubey cynthia Lizzie Lobo Ravi GS Amitha Shetty Srinivas Hebbar Sally ael-Zahaby Department of Pharmaceutics NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesNitte(Deemed to be University)Mangaluru 575018India Formulation and Development Viatris R&D CentreBengaluru 560105India Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of PharmacyPharos University in AlexandriaAlexandria 21311Egypt

The spread of SARS-coV-2 as an emerging novel coronavirus disease (cOVID-19) had progressed as a worldwide pandemic since the end of 2019. cOVID-19 affects firstly lungs tissues which are known for their very slow regeneration. Afterwards, enormous cytokine stimulation occurs in the infected cells immediately after a lung infection which necessitates good management to save patients. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles of nanometric size released by reticulocytes on maturation and are known to mediate intercellular communications. The exosomal cargo serves as biomarkers in diagnosing various diseases;moreover, exosomes could be employed as nanocarriers in drug delivery systems. Exosomes look promising to combat the current pandemic since they contribute to the immune response against several viral pathogens. Many studies have proved the potential of using exosomes either as viral elements or host systems that acquire immune-stimulatory effects and could be used as a vaccine or drug delivery tool. It is essential to stop viral replication, prevent and reverse the massive storm of cytokine that worsens the infected patients’ situations for the management of cOVID-19. The main benefits of exosomes could be;no cells will be introduced, no chance of mutation, lack of immunogenicity and the damaged genetic material that could negatively affect the recipient is avoided. Additionally, it was found that exosomes are static with no ability for in vivo reproduction. The current review article discusses the possibilities of using exosomes for detecting novel coronavirus and summarizes state of the art concerning the clinical trials initiated for examining the use of cOVID-19 specific T cells derived exosomes and mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes in managing cOVID-19.

关键词： Exosomes cOVID-19 Specific T cell-derived exosomes Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes Nanotechnology SARS-co V-2

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Angle-to-angle and spur-to-spur distance analysis with high-resolution optical coherence tomography

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Eye and Vision 2020年第1期7卷 399-411页

作者： Robert Montés-micó Pedro Tañá-Rivero Salvador Aguilar-córcoles María Ruiz-Santos María Dolores Rodríguez-carrillo Ramón Ruiz-Mesa Oftalvist Alicante and Jerez de la FronteraAlicanteSpain University of Valencia ValenciaSpain

Background:To measure angle-to-angle(ATA)and spur-to-spur(STS)distances along six meridians using highresolution swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OcT)and to compare those values with horizontal white-to-white(WTW)***:68 eyes from 68 patients were quantitatively assessed with the Anterion SS-OcT(Heidelberg Engineering,Heidelberg,Germany).ATA and STS distances were measured with the SS-OcT’s B-scan in six cross-sectional images corresponding to the vertical(6-12 o’clock),1-7 o’clock,2-8 o’clock,horizontal(3-9 o’clock),4-10 o’clock and 5-11 o’clock *** was measured horizontally with the device’s infrared camera.A Pearson correlation analysis was carried out to compare ATA and STS distances with ***:The largest values were found for the vertical meridian and the shortest for the 2-8 o’clock meridian,both for ATA and STS *** statistically significant differences were found between WTW,ATA and STS along the horizontal meridian(p>0.1).However,ATA and STS showed statistically significant differences elsewhere,except for the horizontal and the 2-8 o’clock meridians(p>0.05).Moreover,we found that ATA and STS varied significantly depending on the meridian being assessed,except for ATA at 4-10 versus 3-9 o’clock and for STS at 4-10 versus 3-9 o’clock and at 3-9 versus 2-8 o’clock(p>0.1).R^(2) values ranged from 0.49 to 0.75 for ATA and STS at the different meridians,showing the best correlation at 3-9 o’clock meridian(0.64 and 0.75,respectively)and the worst at 6-12 o’clock meridian(R^(2)=0.49 for both ATA and STS).conclusions:ATA and STS distances vary radially,thus showing that the anterior chamber is vertically ***,it is advisable to measure these two distances along the meridian to be used.

关键词： Angle-to-angle Spur-to-spur White-to-white Optical coherence tomography Swept-source Fourier domain

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In vivo optical quality of posterior-chamber phakic implantable collamer lenses with a central port

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Eye and Vision 2021年第5期8卷 295-302页

作者： Robert Montés-micó Francisco Pastor-Pascual Enrique Artiaga-Elordi Ramón Ruiz-Mesa Pedro Tañá-Rivero Optics and Optometry&Vision sciences Department University of Valenciac/o Dr Moliner 5046100 ValenciaSpain Oftalvist clinic ValenciaSpain

Background:The aim of this review is to summarize the optical quality results in patients following the implantation of the V4c implantable collamer lens with a central port(IcL,STAAR Surgical Inc.).Main text:A literature search in several databases was carried out to identify those publications,both prospective,retrospective and/or comparative with other refractive surgery procedures,reporting optical outcomes of patients who were implanted with the V4c IcL model.A total of 17 clinical studies published between 2012 and 2021 were included in this review.A detailed analysis of the available data was performed including number of eyes,follow-up and preoperative spherical ***,the review focused on several optical parameters including higher-order aberrations(HOAs),modulation transfer function(MTF)cut-off frequency and Strehl *** review encompassed a total of 817 eyes measured using different optical devices based on Hartmann-Shack,retinal image quality measurement and ray-tracing technologies at different ***:The outcomes found in this review lead us to conclude that the IcL V4c model provides good optical quality,by means of different metrics,when implanted.

关键词： Implantable collamer lens Phakic Optical quality Higher order aberrations Modulation transfer function

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Anomalous Emission And carrier Effect of Fresh Porous Silicon

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chemical Research in chinese Universities 2002年第3期18卷 270-273页

作者： ZOU Bing-suo WU Zhen yu cAO Li DAI Jian-hua XIE Si-shen WANG Jian ping Mostafa ael-Sayed Optical Lab Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080P.R.China Laser Dynamics Laboratory School of Chemistry and BiochemistryGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332-0400

The emission and Fourier transformation infrared spectra of freshly prepared porous silicon(PS) and the silicon wafer were examined. Increasing temperature generally led to a decrease in the emission intensities of the PS samples, however, the freshly prepared sample showed an unusually large and sudden increase in its emission intensity at the specific temperature at which the hydrogen ion conductivity in the silicon wafer increased. The O-H vibrations of the silicon wafer also showed a sudden decrease at the same temperature. These results are consistent with the assumption that the luminescence of fresh PS comes from the carrier bound exciton in its confined nanostructure.

关键词： Porous silicon Silicon wafer carrier effect

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新加坡一所教学医院对肺栓塞病人的回顾

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中华结核和呼吸杂志 1997年第ZK期20卷 111-111页

作者： Lee sc Stebbings ael Tan L Tan Wc 孙越(译) DepartmentofMedicine NationalUniversityHospitalSingapore

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Improved genetic distance-based spatial deployment can effectively minimize inbreeding in seed orchard

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第1期7卷 117-124,126,125,127页

作者： Boning Yang Haihong Sun Jiandong Qi Shihui Niu Yousry ael-Kassaby Wei Li Beijing Advanced Innovation center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design National Engineering Laboratory for Forest Tree BreedingCollege of Biological Sciences and TechnologyBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Liaoning Research Institute of Sandy Land control and Utilization Xihe DistrictFuxin City 123000Liaoning ProvinceChina college of Information science and Technology Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Department of Forest and conservation sciences Faculty of ForestryThe University of British Columbia2424 Main MallVancouverBritish Columbia V6T 1Z4Canada

Background:Inbreeding in seed orchards is expected to increase with the advancement of breeding cycles,which results in the delivery of crops with suboptimal genetic gain,reduced genetic diversity,and lower seed ***,a genetic distance-dependent method for clonal spatial deployment in seed orchards was developed and demonstrated,which reduced the inbreeding *** method’s main evaluation parameter of inbreeding is the genetic distance among individuals and the deployment method used an improved adaptive parallel genetic algorithm(IAPGA)based on Python *** inbreeding-prone chinese Mongolian pine breeding population material originating from a single natural population,the proposed method was compared to a traditional orchard design and a distance-based design;namely,complete randomized block(RcB)and optimum neighborhood(ONA)designs,***:With the advancement of selective breeding cycles,group separation among orchard related individuals is expected to *** on the genetic distance among individuals,the IAPGA design was superior in significantly reducing the inbreeding level as compared to the two existing designs,confirming its suitability to advanced-generation orchards where relatedness among parents is *** the 1st,2nd,and mixed generations clonal deployment schemes,the IAPGA design produced lower inbreeding with 87.22%,81.49%,and 87.23%of RcB,and 92.78%,91.30%,and 91.67%of ONA designs,***:The IAPGA clonal deployment proposed in this study has the obvious advantage of controlling inbreeding,and it is expected to be used in clonal deployment in seed orchards on a *** studies are needed to focus on the actual states of pollen dispersal and mating in seed orchards,and more assumptions should be taken into account for the optimized deployment method.

关键词： Seed orchard Deployment Inbreeding Genetic distance clone SSR

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Protective effect of citrus reticulata peel extract against potassium dichromate-induced reproductive toxicity in rats

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2019年第6期8卷 267-275页

作者： Samir AE Bashandy Omar A-H Ahmed-Farid Enayat AOmara Sayed ael-Toumy Josline YSalib Pharmacology Department National Research Centre33 El-Bohouth St.DokkiP.O.12622GizaCairoEgypt Physiology Department National Organization for Drug Control and ResearchCairoEgypt Pathology Department National Research CentreCairoEgypt chemistry of Tannins Department National Research CentreCairoEgypt

Objective:To study the protective effect of citrus reticulata peel extract against potassium dichromate-induced reproductive impairment in male Wistar ***:A total of 35 male Wistar rats were equally divided into 5 *** control group orally received an equivalent volume of saline(1 mL);group 2 was given potassium dichromate at 10 mg/kg/body weight(b.w.)orally for eight weeks;group 3 and 4 orally received citrus reticulata peel extract at 200 and 400 mg/kg/***,followed by treatment with potassium *** 5 was administered with 400 mg/kg/*** reticulata peel extract *** parameters including oxidative stress(malondialdehyde,antioxidant enzymes),sex hormones(testosterone,luteinizing hormone,follicle-stimulating hormone)and inflammation indexes(tumor necrosis factor-alpha,inter leukin 6)were *** characteristics(sperm morphology,motility and count)were also ***:The decrease of male sex hormones concentration in plasma(testosterone,luteinizing hormone),testicular antioxidant parameters(reduced glutathione,catalase,superoxide dismutase,carnitine),sperm motility and sperm count induced by potassium dichromate was mitigated by citrus reticulata peel ***,the peel extract alleviated the increase of sperm abnormalities,follicle-stimulating hormone,testicular malondialdehyde,tumor necrosis factor-alpha and nitric oxide levels caused by potassium *** sections of rats treated with the potassium dichromate were characterized by some histopathological changes as disorganization of spermatogonial cell layers and deformation of Leydig cells.A positive immune-reaction for p53 was observed in testicular cells of the rats treated with potassium *** extract of citrus reticulata peel improved the testicular histology and decreased p53 positive immune-reaction in potassium dichromate administered ***:citrus reticulata peel extract can alleviate the reproductive toxicity t

关键词： citrus reticulatapeel extract Potassium dichromate Sperm Testicular function Oxidative stress Anti-inflammatory

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Privacy Regulation,Spatial culture,and communities in a communally Diverse city:Ghadames,Libya

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Journal of World Architecture 2019年第6期3卷 7-16页

作者： Farag ael-Agouri Vail Karakale Department of Architecture and city Planning Benghazi UniversityBenghaziLibya Department of civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringMarmara UniversityGoztepe KampusuKadikoyIstanbul 34722Turkey

Space syntax,the analytical tool of this study,is a set of techniques for representation and quantification of spatial patterns of *** this paper,quantitative analysis is performed to observe the relationship between privacy as cultural specific and the spatial configuration of the settlement in the city of *** analysis is conducted on two levels of *** of the whole Ghadames including three unconventional axial maps representing ground floor(male domain),upper floor(female domain),and the whole spatial system with entrances of buildings *** second level of analysis covers nine sites representing three different cultural communities within Ghadames(Arab,Barbar,and Tuarg).These community areas are analyzed as embedded within the city(embedded model)and as separated(cut out model).Analysis results indicate that ground floor(male domain)seems to be more locally and globally integrated than that of upper floor(female domain).Moreover,spaces of the ground floor are more visually connected than the upper floor,which reveals that greater possibility in route choice for the users of ground *** movement from one place to another is less restricted than that of the female in the upper ***,the results show that mechanisms are the physical elements that facilitate or impede privacy regulation in the city and/or enable users themselves to regulate privacy through their own locales.

关键词： Space syntax Privacy regulation Visibility analysis Traditional cities Spatial configuration Isovist analysis

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Short-Term Response of Soil microbial Biomass to Different chabazite Zeolite Amendments

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Pedosphere 2018年第2期28卷 277-287页

作者： Giacomo FERRETTI Katharina Maria KEIBLINGER Dario DI GIUSEPPE Barbara FAccINI Nicolò cOLOMBANI Sophie ZEcHMEISTER-BOLTENSTERN Massimo cOLTORTI micòl MASTROcIccO Deptartment of Physics and Earth sciences University of Ferrara Via Saragat 1 Ferrara 44122 (Italy) Institute of Soil Research Department of Forest and Soil Sciences University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU) Peter Jordan Strasse 82 Vienna 1190 (Austria) consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le scienze del Mare (coNISMa) Piazzale Flaminio Roma 900196 (Italy) Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies Second University of Naples Caserta 81100(Italy)

Zeolitites (ZTs) are rocks containing more than 50% of zeolite minerals and are known to be a suitable material for agricultural purposes by improving soil physicochemical properties and nitrogen (N) use efficiency. However, little is known about their effects on soil microbial biomass. This study aimed to evaluate short-term effects of different chabazite-rich ZT (cHAZT) amendments on soil microbial biomass and activity. A silty-clay agricultural soil was amended in three different ways, including the addition of natural (5% and 15%) and NH_4^+-enriched (10%) cHAZT. Soil dissolved organic carbon (c), total dissolved N, NH_4^+, NO_3^-, NO_2^-, microbial biomass c and N, and ergosterol were measured periodically over 16 d in a laboratory incubation. To verify the microbial immobilization of the N derived from NH_4^+-enriched cHAZT, a high15N source was used for enriching the mineral to measure the microbial biomass δ15N signature. An increase in the ergosterol content was observed in the soil amended with 5% natural cHAZT. However, no similar result was observed in the soil amended with 15% natural cHAZT, suggesting that the fungal biomass was favored at a lower cHAZT application rate. In the soil amended with NH+ 4-enriched cHAZT, microbial biomass N was related to NO_3^-production over time and inversely related to NH_4^+, suggesting high nitrification process. Isotopic measurements on microbial biomass confirmed immediate assimilation of N derived from NH_4^+-enriched cHAZT. These results suggested that the NH_4^+-enriched cHAZT used in this study supplied an immediately available N pool to the microbial biomass.

关键词： ergosterol microbial biomass δ15N natural zeolite NH4+-enriched zeolite nitrification slow-release fertilizer

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