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Impact of Heap Fermentation of Cocoa on Microbial Dynamics and Soil Physicochemical Parameters

Journal of Life Sciences 2015年第6期9卷 286-297页

作者： Maboune Tetmoun Suzanne Abeline Tchinmegni Felenou I. mfopou mewouo yvette clarisse Mounjouenpou Pauline Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le D~veloppement (IRAD) Yaound~ PO Box: 2067 Cameroon Higher Institute of Environmental Sciences (HIES) Yaoundd PO Box: 16 317 Cameroon

The overall objective of the present study is to evaluate the impact of the heap fermentation of cocoa on microbial dynamics and physicochemical parameters of the soil. The methodology was to heap fermentation broad beans 600 cocoa pods moved to a place after the soil was taken for microbiological and physicochemical analyzes considered the control sample. In addition, cocoa lixiviate and soil were subjected to analyze. Chemical analysis of cocoa lixiviate revealed the absence of heavy metals such as cadmium, chromium. It appears from the analysis of soil than clays represent on average 46.67%, 8.03% for fine silt, heavy silt 5.69%, 15.39% fine sands and heavy sands 20.02%. Microbiological analysis revealed the abundance of total coliform up to 4.6× 103 CFU/g soil. The variations of the abundance of yeasts are 0.01 × 103 CFU/g soil obtained on day 2 at 12 o＇clock to 3.5 × 103 CFU/g soil observed on day 3 to 18 pm （0-3 cm deep）. However, further study on the assessment of biodiversity after the fermentation would determine its species richness.

关键词： Cocoa pods heap fermentation soil cocoa lixiviate.

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Structure of Vegetables Farming and Farmer’s Perception of Soil and Water Degradation in Two Periurban Areas in Yaounde Cameroon

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2017年第11期7卷 333-346页

作者： yvette clarisse mewouo mfopou Mamadou Traore Pierre Popice Nuemsi Kenmogne Amina Aboubakar Gaelle Stévie Fatou Manguele Suzanne Abeline Tetmoun Maboune Jules Remy Ngoupayou Ndam Zacharia Gnankambary Hassan Bismarck Nacro Polytechnic University of Bobo-Dioulasso Bobo-DioulassoBurkina Faso Institute of Agricultural Research for Development YaoundeCameroon University of Yaounde I Yaounde ICameroon

Vegetable farming is an activity sensitive to the dynamism of the population and to the level of intensification in the use of soil resources. A study was conducted in the peri-urban zones of Yaoundé to present the socioeconomic characteristics of vegetable farming and the farmers’ perception of soil and water degradation as a result of this activity. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to this purpose in 2016 in two vegetable farming sites in Yaoundé, namely Nkolbisson and Nkolondom III. Results showed that most vegetable farmers from both sites (around 75%) lack training in agriculture while 74 and 90 didn’t benefit from training on management of pesticides. Spreading and landfilling of amendments are the two most popular ways of applying fertilizers. In fact, while the majority (35.4%) of these fertilizers is applied at planting time, the minority (4.9%) is applied several months before planting. Besides young plots are more exploited (52.4% and 30%) compared to older ones (2.4% and 5%) in Nkolondom III and Nkolbisson respectively, as they are more responsive to fertilizer application. As consequence, high rates of fertilizers are applied to the oldest farms. As for irrigation water, it is altogether polluted. Base on the above, the farmers’ perception of degradation is seen through the degradation of soils properties with time in the order of 14.3% to 60% and 15% to 44% at Nkolbisson and Nkolondom III respectively resulting in a gradual decrease of crop production (up to 50%). It is also seen through the polluted produce obtained from irrigation and cleaning water.

关键词： Soil Water Degradation Vegetable Farming Cameroon

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