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Esophageal Cancer in a Sahelian Country (Chad): Epidemiological, Clinical and Histological Aspects

Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期14卷 431-437页

作者： nemian meurde Mayanna Habkreo Mbaiganguem Morbe Mairé Dehainsala Mahamat Ali Hachim Adraman Kosso Adama Ahmed Ngare Ali Mahamat Moussa Anatomy and Pathological Cytology Unit Teaching Hospital Reference National NDjamena Chad Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Teaching Hospital Reference National NDjamena Chad

Introduction: Esophageal cancer is a serious pathology with a generally poor prognosis. Diagnosis is histological and based on endoscopic sampling. The aim of our study is to determine the epidemiological, clinical and morphological aspects of esophageal cancers in N’Djamena, Chad. Methodology: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional and analytical study from 2014 to 2024, i.e. a 10-year period. All cases of esophageal cancer with histological confirmation included histological findings. Biopsies were in all cases per endoscopic and were obtained from the Gastroenterology Department of the National General Reference Teaching Hospital of N’Djamena. Results: Thirty-seven cases of esophageal cancer out of a total of 1523 were diagnosed at the CHU RN laboratory of pathology. The cases were predominantly male, with an M/F sex-ratio of 1.6. The predominant age range was between 50 and 70 years, with an average age of 55.2 ± 17.2 years. Dysphagia was the most common clinical symptom, accounting for 56.76% of cases. Macroscopillay, ulcerative lesions predominated at 51.35%. The upper two-thirds of the oesophagus was the most frequent site, with 72.97%. In histology study, squamous cell carcinoma was the dominant type with 75.68%, followed by adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: Esophageal cancer is a frequent pathology encountered at Reference National Teaching Hospital, affecting mainly men over the age of 50. Diagnosis is histological.

关键词： Esophageal Cancer Epidemiology Histology Clinical CHU-RN N’Djamena

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The Management Problem of Miliary Tuberculosis in the Service of Pneumo-Phtisiology at the National References University Teaching Hospital of N’Djamena (Chad): About 103 Cases

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2022年第3期10卷 160-169页

作者： Mahamat Ali Bolti Rangar Ngakoutou Abdoulaye Ahmet Mad-Toingue Joseph Dluida Dieudonné Lodoum Mbainadji Josephine Toralta meurde nemian Lucien Allawaye Koboye Bonté Adjougoulta Yusra Aboulbachar Hamit Mahamat Alio Faculty of Human and Health Sciences and The Renaissance University Teaching Hospital of N’Djamena N’Djamena Chad Faculty of Human and Health Sciences and The National Reference University Teaching Hospital of N’Djamena N’Djamena Chad

Introduction: Miliary tuberculosis (MT) is a rare form of tuberculosis (TB) and it is a major public health problem in our countries with limited resources. Materials and Methods: It is a retrospective and descriptive study that started from 1st January 2018 to 31 December 2020 at the pneumo-phtisiology service of the CHU-RN of N’Djamena., All records of patients aged at least 15 years treated for miliary tuberculosis confirmed by X-ray chest were included in our study. Results: The prevalence of TD was 1.5% (n = 103) of all TB diagnosed in the service. The sex ratio was 1.34. The average age was 37.7 years with extremes ranging from 19 to 80 years. A low social economic level was found in 75.7%. The principal comorbidity found in this study was HIV with the prevalence of (22.3%). The general signs were dominated by deterioration of general condition (96.1%) and fever (91.3%). The main symptoms were cough (85.4%) and dyspnea (52.4%). The radiology of chest found a homogeneous dissemination and symmetrical in both lung fields in 100% of cases. Our study reported that 14 (13.6%) of death cases were found among patients. Conclusion: TM is a severe form of TB;it affects a young population in our context. Mortality remains high with prevalence of 13.6% of cases. Early management would improve the prognosis.

关键词： Miliary Tuberculosis CHU-RN N’Djamena (Chad)

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