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Production of Biochar for Soil Application:A Comparative Study of Three Kiln Models

Pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 696-702页

作者： Shamim MIA Nijam UDDIN Shaikh Abdullah Al MAMUN HOSSAIN Ruhul AMIN Fatima Z.mete Tjisse HIEMSTRA Department of Agronomy Patuakhali Science and Technology University Department of Agricultural Chemistry Patuakhali Science and Technology University Department of Agricultural Engineering Patuakhali Science and Technology University Globe Soft Drinks Ltd. Department of Soil Quality Wageningen University

Biochar has potentials for soil fertility improvement, climate change mitigation and environmental reclamation, and charred biomass can be deliberately incorporated into soil for long-term carbon stabilization and soil amendment. Many different methods have been used for biochar production ranging from laboratory to industrial scales. However, in countryside of developing countries, biomass is generally used for cooking but not charred. Biochar production techniques at farmer scale have remained poorly developed. We developed and tested biochar production kilns for farmers with a dimension of 50.8 cm × 38.1 cm （height × diameter）, using three different setups for optimizing oxygen （02） limitation and syngas circulation： airtight with no syngas circulation （Model I）, semi-airtight with external syngas circulation （Model II） and semi-airtight with internal syngas circulation （Model III）. A comparative assessment of these biochar production kiln models was made considering biochar pyrolysis time, fuel to biomass ratio, biochar to feedstock ratio and thermogravimetric index （TGI）. Among the models, the best quality biochar （TGI ---- 0.15） was obtained from Model I kiln taking the longest time for pyrolysis （12.5 h） and the highest amount of fuel wood （1.22 kg kg-1 biomass）. Model III kiln produced comparatively good quality biochar （TGI = 0.11）, but with less fuel wood requirement （0.33 kg kg-1 biomass） and shorter pyrolysis time （8.5 h）. We also tested Model III kiln in a three times larger size under two situations （steel kiln and pit kiln）. The biochar to feedstock ratio （0.38） and quality （TGI =0.14） increased slightly for the larger kilns. Quality of biochar was found to be mainly related to pyrolysis time. The costs for the biochar stove and pit kiln were US$ 65-77, while it was US$ 154 for the large size steel kiln. Model III kiln can potentially be used for both cooking and biochar production at farmer scale.

关键词： biomass farmer scale feedstock fuel wood requirement O2 limitation pyrolysis time syngas circulation thermogravi- metric index

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Do not lose the moon while counting the stars:Conventional IVF versus add-on treatments

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2023年第3期12卷 144-146页

作者： mete Isikoglu Gelecek the Center for Human ReproductionAntalyaTurkey

When we look back at-more than four decades-the history of assisted reproductive treatments(ART),a continuous effort to optimise laboratory conditions and to improve treatment protocols can be *** basic terms,the aim of research about culture media and laboratory environments is to create as more physiological condition as possible,which means reducing the gap between the not-fully-known in vivo conditions and their in vitro counterparts.

关键词： treatment culture environments

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Safe surgical approach to extrahepatic pseudocyst, a rare shunt complication:2 case reports

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2018年第1期4卷 51-54页

作者： Gokhan Canaz Erhan Emel Serhat Baydin Suat Can Ulukent Yaser Ozgunduz Orhun mete Cevik Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Neurology Neurosurgery and PsychiatryDepartment of Neurosurgery34147 Bakırkoy/IstanbulTurkey Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Research and Training Hospital Department of NeurosurgeryIstanbulTurkey Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Research and Training Hospital Department of General SurgeryIstanbulTurkey

Background:Hepatic pseudocysts are not a common complication and'extrahepatic'pseudocysts are rarer complications but may occur in every ventriculo-peritoneal shunt *** presentation:We present two patients with ventriculo peritoneal shunt induced extrahepatic pseudocysts, who underwent shunt surgery for different etiologies. Etiology, treatment strategies and our choice of treatment have been ***:When a ventriculoperitoneal shunt patient is presented with non-specific abdominal symptoms, the possibility of this complication should always be considered. In the treatment of this complication, it is shown that repositioning the catheter is sufficient for cyst regression.

关键词： Ventriculo peritoneal shunt Hydrocephalus Hepatic Pseudocyst

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Compa.is.n of intraperitoneal and intratesticular ozone therapy for the treatment of testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第1期19卷 43-46页

作者： Fatih mete Huseyin Tarhan Orcun Celik Ilker Akarken Kamil Vural Rahmi Gokhan Ekin Isil Aydemir Yusuf Ozlem Ilbey Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Education and Research Hospital Pediatric Clinic 34150 Istanbul Turkey Tepecik Education and Research Hospital Urology Clinic 35170 IzmirTurkey Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine Department of Pharmacology45180 Manisa Turkey Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology 45180 Manisa Turkey.

We compare the efficacy of intratesticular ozone therapy with intraperitoneal ozone therapy in an experimental rat model. For this purpose, 24 rats were divided into four groups including sham-operated, torsion/detorsion, torsion/detorsion plus intraperitoneal ozone （O-IP）, and torsion/detorsion plus intratesticular ozone （O-IT）. The O-IP ozone group received a 4 mg kg-1 intraperitoneal injection of ozone, and the O-IT group received the same injection epididymally. At 4 h after detorsion, the rats were sacrificed and orchiectomy materials were assessed histopathologically. Spermatogenesis in the seminiferous tubules and damage to the Sertoli cells were histopathologically evaluated in the testes using the Johnsen scoring system, i-NOS and e-NOS activities in the testis tissue were also evaluated. Torsion-detorsion caused a decreased Johnsen score and increased apoptosis of spermatogonial and Sertoli cells. Ozone injection prevented increases in Johnsen score and i-NOS level, e-NOS level of the O-IP group was significantly lower than that of the O-IP group, and i-NOS level of the O-IT group was significantly lower than that of the O-IP group. Local ozone therapy is more effective than systemic ozone therapy at improving IRI-related testicular torsion. Our study is the first to show that the efficacy of intratesticular implementation of ozone therapy is higher than that of intraperitoneal ozone therapy.

关键词： local therapy ozone rat model testis torsion

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Solving Water Problems of a Metropolis

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2013年第4期5卷 7-10页

作者： Ahmet mete Saatci Turkish Water Institute (SUEN) Istanbul Turkey

The metropolis of Istanbul has faced water supply challenges throughout history;however the situation escalated in the past decade with rapid population growth. Water demand of an ever-growing city could only be solved by transporting water from surrounding water basins as far as 190 km away from the city border. Moreover, imbalanced distribution of water resources and imbalanced water demand on the European and Asian side of the city was resolved by transporting water from Asian side to the European side, by laying water transmission pipes under the Bosphorus Strait and by constructing a tunnel passing 130 m under the Strait. Another difficulty that required challenging solutions was the protection of water reservoirs of the city, hence illegal settlements arose in the reservoir watershed zones due to fast urban growth and migration from rural areas. Discharge of wastewater from illegal settlements caused not only algae growth in water treatment plant (WTP) of one of the largest reservoirs of Istanbul, but also eventual death of algae was a major setback due to anaerobic conditions created in the reservoir. The problem was solved by tertiary treatment of the wastewater and by diverting the effluent through a tunnel away from the reservoir. The aim of this paper is to provide an insight into setbacks faced in a metropolis of 14 million and technical solutions provided against the pollution of reservoirs.

关键词： Eutrophication Urban Growth Water Resources Water Shortage Wastewater Treatment

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Vasoactive intestinal peptide,a promising agent for myopia?

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第2期10卷 211-216页

作者： Ayse Idil Cakmak Hikmet Basmak Huseyin Gursoy mete Ozkurt Nilgun Yildirim Nilufer Erkasap Mustafa Deger Bilgec Nese Tuncel Ertugrul Colak Department of Ophthalmology Eskisehir Osmangazi University Medical FacultyEskisehir 26180Turkey Department of Physiology Eskisehir Osmangazi University Medical FacultyEskisehir 26180Turkey Department of Biosta.is.ics Eskisehir Osmangazi University Medical FacultyEskisehir 26180Turkey

AIM： To investigate the role of vasoactive intestinal peptide（VIP） in form-deprivation myopia（FDM）.METHODS： FDM was created in three groups of eight chicks by placing a translucent diffuser on their right *** injections of saline and VIP were applied once a day into the occluded eyes of groups 2 and 3,*** and axial length（AL） measurements were performed on the first and 8^th days of diffuser *** retina mR NA levels of the VIP receptors and the ZENK protein in right eyes of the three groups and left eyes of the first group on day 8 were determined using real time polymerase chain reaction（PCR）.RESULTS： The median final refraction（D） in right eyes were-13.75（-16.00,-12.00）,-11.50（-12.50,-7.50）,and-1.50（-4.75,-0.75） in groups 1,2,and 3,respectively（P〈0.001）.The median AL（mm） in right eyes were 10.65（10.00,11.10）,9.90（9.70,10.00）,and 9.20（9.15,9.25） in groups 1,2,and 3,respectively（P〈0.001）.The median delta-delta cycle threshold（CT） values for the VIP2 receptors were 1.07（0.82,1.43）,1.22（0.98,1.65）,0.29（0.22,0.45） in right eyes of groups 1,2,and 3,and 1.18（0.90,1.37） in left eyes of group 1,respectively（P=0.001）.The median delta-delta CT values for the ZENK protein were 1.07（0.63,5.03）,3.55（2.20,5.55）,undetectable in right eyes of groups 1,2,and 3 and 1.89（0.21,4.73） in left eyes of group 1,respectively（P=0.001）.CONCLUSION： VIP has potential inhibitory effects in the development of FDM.

关键词： vasoactive intestinal peptide form-deprivation myopia myopia chicks ZENK protein vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor

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An Epidemiologic Analysis of Vulvovaginal Candidia.is.and Antifungal Susceptibilities

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2022年第3期4卷 131-136页

作者： Fadile Gaye Hösükoğlu Fahriye Ekşi Mehmet Erinmez mete Gürol Uğur Department of Medical Microbiology Gaziantep University School of MedicineGaziantepTurkey Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Gaziantep University School of MedicineGaziantepTurkey

Inflammation of the vagina and vulva caused by Candida.is.called vulvovaginal candidia.is.VVC).Risk factors for VVC include pregnancy,diabetes mellitus,frequent oral sexual intercourse,and the use of tight synthetic underwear and systemic *** albicans,which belongs to the normal flora of the vagina.is.the most common cause of ***,an increase in VVC episodes caused by non-albicans Candida species,including Candida glabrata,Candida tropica.is.Candida krusei and Candida parapsilosis,has been *** this study,a total of 100 Candida.is.lates obtained from patients with vaginitis symptoms were *** susceptibility of the Candida strains to amphotericin B,itraconazole,fluconazole,ketoconazole,voriconazole and caspofungin was investigated using the reference broth microdilution *** factors and demographic characteristics of the patients and the identified Candida species were also *** the 100 Candida strains isolated from vaginal samples,47(47%)were ***,43(43%)***,5(5%)***,2(2%)***,2(2%)*** and 1(1%)was Candida *** incidences of Candida susceptibility to caspofungin,fluconazole,itraconazole,voriconazole,ketoconazole and amphotericin B were 75%,35%,27%,80%,97%and 100%,***,there was a significant difference in antifungal susceptibility among patients belonging to certain risk groups,such as patients previously using antibiotics and recurrent *** of non-albicans Candida species and antifungal resistance,especially against azoles,are both increasing,and certain risk factors should be monitored strictly.

关键词： Candida antifungal vulvovaginal candidiasis fluconazole

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Transient Exergy Analysis of the Condenser and Evaporator of an Air Source Heat Pump Water Heater

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2016年第7期6卷 339-347页

作者： Mehmet mete Ozturk L. Berrin Erbay Transportation Vocational Sch. Anadolu University Eskisehir Turkey School of Eng.and Arch. Eskt'sehir Osmangazi University 26480 Ban Meselik Eskisehir Turkey

In this study the performance of an ASHPWH （air source heat pump water heater） is assessed from exergy point of view in component wise. In order to investigate the work potential of energy, the destruction on the exergy is analyzed and results are summarized for the components individually. The exergy destruction of the system is studied by considering real paths of the pressure and temperature data which are collected during the experiments of the ASHPWH under varying environmental conditions. In the following step, the evolution of the exergy destruction of the system is calculated by a code which is compiled on MATLAB along these temperature and pressure paths. The obtained results reveal the importance of the transient exergy analysis by providing detailed information about exergy destruction of the system such as where it drives up and reaches up to its max and where it drops down and evolves on a smooth path.

关键词： Transient exergy analysis heat pump condenser evaporator.

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Einstein Rosen Mesonic Perfect Fluid Cosmological Model with Time Dependent Λ-Term

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2016年第1期6卷 99-104页

作者： Vijay G. mete Vijay D. Elkar Department of Mathematics R. D. I. K. & K. D. College Badnera-Amravati India

Mesonic perfect fluid solutions are found in general relativity with the aid of Einstein’s Rosen cylindrically symmetric space time. A static vacuum model and a non-static cosmological model corresponding to perfect fluid are investigated. The cosmological term Λ is found to be a decreasing function of time which is supported by the result found from recent type Ia Supernovae observations. The various physical and geometrical features of the model are discussed.

关键词： General Relativity Perfect Fluid Time-Dependent Term Λ

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Growth and Toxin Production by Microcystis Aeruginosa PCC 7806 (Kutzing) Lemmerman at Elevated Salt Concentrations

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2011年第6期2卷 669-674页

作者： Ken Black mete Yilmaz Edward J. Phlips 不详

One of the most common and widespread bloom-forming cyanobacteria associated with toxin production is Microcystis aeruginosa (Kutzing) Lemmerman. While normally associated with fresh water environments, this toxigenic species has been observed at bloom concentrations in a number of major estuaries worldwide. This study examined the effect of salinity on growth and toxin production by M. aeruginosa strain PCC 7806 under controlled laboratory conditions. Salt concentrations above 12.6 ppt resulted in total cessation of growth. Toxin production was similarly affected, with cultures grown in salt concentrations of 4.6 ppt and above yielding less toxin than the control after 20 days of culture. Toxin concentrations after 20 days of culture were 40% of the control at 4.6 ppt. The relative proportion of extracellular to intracellular toxin increased over time in cultures with salt concentrations greater than 4.6 ppt. Extracellular toxins persisted in the media long after the cessation of growth. The results suggest that the influence of M. aeruginosa and/or its toxins can extend well out into estuarine environments under the influence of significant freshwater inputs.

关键词： Microcystin Cyanobacteria Estuaries

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