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Experimental and numerical investigation to elucidate the fluid flow through packed beds with structured particle packings

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 218-237页

作者： Shirin Patil Christian Gorges Joel lòpez Bonilla Moritz Stelter Frank Beyrau Berend van Wachem laboratory of Technical Thermodynamics Otto-von-Guericke-Universität MagdeburgUniversitätsplatz 239106 MagdeburgGermany Chair of Mechanical Process Engineering Otto-von-Guericke-Universität MagdeburgUniversitätsplatz 239106 MagdeburgGermany

The present paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation of the dispersion of the gaseous jet flow and co-flow for the simple unit cell(SUC)and body-centred cubic(BCC)configuration of particles in packed *** experimental setup is built in such a way that suitable and simplified boundary conditions are imposed for the corresponding numerical framework,so the simulations can be done under very similar conditions as the ***,a porous plate is used for the co-flow to achieve the uniform velocity and the fully developed flow is ensured for the jet *** SUC and BCC particle beds consist of 3D-printed spheres,and the non-isotropy near the walls is mostly eliminated by placing half-spheres at the channel *** flow velocities are analysed directly at the exit of the particle bed for both beds over 36 pores for the SUC configuration and 60 pores for the BCC configuration,for particle Reynolds numbers of 200,300,and *** particle image velocimetry is experimentally arranged in such a way that the velocities over the entire region at the exit of the packed bed are obtained *** numerical method consists of a state-of-the-art immersed boundary method with adaptive mesh *** paper presents the pore jet structure and velocity field exiting from each pore for the SUC and BCC packed particle *** numerical and experimental studies show a good agreement for the SUC configuration for all flow *** the BCC configuration,some differences can be observed in the pore jet flow structure between the simulations and the experiments,but the general flow velocity distribution shows a good overall *** axial velocity is generally higher for the pores located near the centre of the packed bed than for the pores near the *** addition,the axial velocities are observed to increase near the peripheral pores of the packed *** behaviour is predominant for the BCC configuration as compared to t

关键词： Uniform particle packing Packed bed reactor Stereo particle image velocimetry Immersed boundary method

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A Full Predictor-Corrector Finite Element Method for the One-Dimensional Heat Equation with Time-Dependent Singularities

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第4期12卷 1364-1382页

作者： Jake l. Nkeck Department of Mathematics University of Buea Buea Cameroon

The energy norm convergence rate of the finite element solution of the heat equation is reduced by the time-regularity of the exact solution. This paper presents an adaptive finite element treatment of time-dependent singularities on the one-dimensional heat equation. The method is based on a Fourier decomposition of the solution and an extraction formula of the coefficients of the singularities coupled with a predictor-corrector algorithm. The method recovers the optimal convergence rate of the finite element method on a quasi-uniform mesh refinement. Numerical results are carried out to show the efficiency of the method.

关键词： Singularities Finite Element Methods Heat Equation Predictor-Corrector Algorithm

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Impact on Soil Organic C and Total Soil N from Cool- and Warm-Season legumes Used in a Green Manure-Forage Cropping System

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 333-357页

作者： Clark B. Neely Francis M. Rouquette Jr. Cristine l.S. Morgan Frank M. Hons William l. Rooney Gerald R. Smith Department of Soil and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&M Agrilife Research Overton TX USA Chief Scientific Officer Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Department of Soil and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Annual forage legumes are important components of livestock production systems in East Texas and the southeastern US. Forage legumes contribute nitrogen (N) to cropping systems through biological N fixation, and their seasonal biomass production can be managed to complement forage grasses. Our research objectives were to evaluate both warm- and cool-season annual forage legumes as green manure for biomass, N content, ability to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil N, and impact on post season forage grass crops. Nine warm-season forage legumes (WSl) were spring planted and incorporated as green manure in the fall. Forage rye (Secale cereale l.) was planted following the incorporation of WSl treatments. Eight cool-season forage legumes (CSl) were fall planted in previously fallow plots and incorporated as green manure in late spring. Sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum bicolor var. sudanense) was planted over all treatments in early summer after forage rye harvest and incorporation of CSl treatments. Sorghum-sudangrass was harvested in June, August and September, and treatments were evaluated for dry matter and N concentration. Soil cores were taken from each plot, split into depths of 0 to 15, 15 to 30 and 30 to 60 cm, and soil C and N were measured using combustion analysis. Nylon mesh bags containing plant samples were buried at 15 cm and used to evaluate decomposition rate of above ground legume biomass, including change in C and N concentrations. Mungbean (Vigna radiata l. [Wilczek]) had the highest shoot biomass yield (6.24 t DM ha-1) and contributed the most total N (167 kg∙ha-1) and total C (3043 kg∙ha-1) of the WSl tested. Decomposition rate of WSl biomass was rapid in the first 10 weeks and very slow afterward. Winter pea (Pisum sativum l. spp. sativum), arrow leaf clover (Trifolium vesiculosum Savi.), and crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum l.) were the most productive CSl in this trial. Austrian winter pea

关键词： Annual legumes Soil N Soil Organic C Green Manure Deer Browse Forage Cropping Systems

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Study of the Efficiency of Vertical Drains by an FEM Method in Soil Treatment for Road Projects: Case of the Development and Bitumination Works of the ROCADE Porto-Novo in Benin

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2024年第3期14卷 435-455页

作者： Cheikh Diallo Diène Vitouley Kossi Ghyslain Joël Mamadou Tine Apanda Mbongote Johnny laboratory of Modelling and Soils Mechanics TRU Engineering Sciences (UFR SI) University Iba Der Thiam Thies Senegal laboratory of Modelling and Soils Mechanics School of Electrical and Building (ESEBAT) Dakar Senegal

This article aims to study the efficiency of coupled vertical drains for the treatment of long-lasting compressible clay soils for the road project platform of the ring road of Porto Novo, capital of Benin. The experimental data allowed us to estimate a consolidation of 29% in 9 months, justifying the drainage of the soil. In order to study the efficiency of drainage, a FEM model was proposed simulating different scenarios. These include a drainless road, pavements equipped with vertical drains with meshes of 0.5 m 0.5 m, 1 m 1 m and 1.5 m 1.5 m respectively and horizontal drains. The results expressed in terms of variations in vertical stresses, effective stresses and shear deformations revealed significant variations in pavement performance depending on the mesh size of the vertical drains. The configuration with a mesh of 0.5 m 0.5 m showed the least deformations, thus indicating a reduction in deformations and better stress distribution. However, the other mesh configurations showed variable results, underlining the importance of choosing the right mesh for the specific project conditions.

关键词： Pavement Vertical Drains Horizontal Drains Modelling Plaxis2D ROCADE de Porto-Novo

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基于顶点划分和坐标标准化的密文域3维网格模型可逆信息隐藏

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计算机研究与发展 2024年第6期61卷 1536-1544页

作者：吕皖丽唐运殷赵霞罗斌智能计算与信号处理教育部重点实验室(安徽大学) 合肥230601 华东师范大学通信与电子工程学院上海200241

密文可逆信息隐藏技术可以在加密载体中利用冗余空间额外嵌入信息,在传输过程中保障载体和信息的隐私安全,载体接收者还可以实现无损地提取信息和恢复载体.3维网格模型作为新型的数字媒体,其文件结构与传统的图像等数字媒体存在着不同,... 详细信息

密文可逆信息隐藏技术可以在加密载体中利用冗余空间额外嵌入信息,在传输过程中保障载体和信息的隐私安全,载体接收者还可以实现无损地提取信息和恢复载体.3维网格模型作为新型的数字媒体,其文件结构与传统的图像等数字媒体存在着不同,并且在该领域的研究相对较少.如何提升模型的嵌入容量是目前需要解决的问题.将图像领域多个高有效位预测算法直接迁移到3维模型中应用时,由于数据的存储格式与图像媒体不同,使得算法的预测性能受到了限制.因此,提出了将顶点坐标值标准化处理,消除符号位带来的影响,提升了预测算法的性能.为了进一步减少无用的辅助信息,嵌入集顶点的筛选被加入实验中,成功地为有效载荷腾出空间.实验表明,提出的方法与现有方法相比,在保证无损和可分离地恢复模型与所嵌入的信息的同时,获得了最高的嵌入容量.

关键词： 3维网格模型可逆信息隐藏密文域预测误差嵌入容量

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基于界面追踪-动网格技术模拟凝固收缩下Fe-C合金宏观偏析

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金属学报 2024年第3期60卷 388-404页

作者：董士虎张红伟吕文朋雷洪王强东北大学材料电磁过程研究教育部重点实验室沈阳110819 东北大学冶金学院沈阳110819

Fe-C系合金铸锭因C元素分配系数小、铸锭尺寸较大,易产生C偏析缺陷;同时因合金液-固相密度差异以及铁素体、奥氏体等相密度的差异都易产生并加剧凝固收缩。对凝固收缩的模拟研究表明,气相(渣相)的引入对偏析影响甚微,主要起补充顶端收... 详细信息

Fe-C系合金铸锭因C元素分配系数小、铸锭尺寸较大,易产生C偏析缺陷;同时因合金液-固相密度差异以及铁素体、奥氏体等相密度的差异都易产生并加剧凝固收缩。对凝固收缩的模拟研究表明,气相(渣相)的引入对偏析影响甚微,主要起补充顶端收缩腔的作用,但却导致气-合金界面模拟困难。为了简化模拟的复杂性,本工作基于液-固混相的连续介质模型,将凝固过程中收缩的体积与固相区、糊状区及液相区下降的体积建立关联,从而确定熔体顶端边界;结合动网格技术,开发了一种追踪收缩腔界面的模型,实现了Fe-C合金铸锭凝固收缩和宏观偏析的耦合模拟,预测的收缩腔形状与实验相符。结果表明:Fe-0.3%C合金铸锭凝固过程中,在热-溶质浮升力影响的基础上,考虑凝固收缩后,预测的铸锭顶部正偏析最大值减少了4.78%。铸锭顶端界面的换热,会减轻铸锭顶端正偏析。耦合热-溶质浮升力及凝固收缩影响,顶端与环境换热系数为h=2.0 W/(m^(2)·K)的铸锭上部溶质分布更符合文献实验测量结果。在热-溶质浮升力影响的基础上,考虑凝固收缩增强了糊状区内溶质浮力影响,致使铸锭凝固前沿主流股旋流方向更快反转,熔钢流速超过仅考虑热-溶质浮升力时的流速,从而加快了铸锭凝固速率。本模型预测的铸锭底端负偏析小于文献实验结果,这是由于本模型仅考虑了液-柱状晶混相,进一步的模型中需加入等轴晶粒沉降的影响。

关键词： Fe-C合金凝固收缩宏观偏析界面追踪动网格

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织物增强混凝土永久模板叠合试件抗氯离子渗透性能研究

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混凝土 2024年第8期 158-162页

作者：陈欣王国杰林颖福建江夏学院工程学院福建福州350108 福建省环保节能型高性能混凝土协同创新中心福建福州350108 福州大学土木工程学院福建福州350116

织物增强混凝土(TRC)由高性能细骨料混凝土基体与纤维网组成,TRC永久模板与核心混凝土组成叠合试件。为揭示叠合试件氯离子渗透作用规律,确定永久模板最佳厚度范围,以TRC永久厚度、耐碱纤维网层数以及界面处理方式为变量,进行叠合试件... 详细信息

织物增强混凝土(TRC)由高性能细骨料混凝土基体与纤维网组成,TRC永久模板与核心混凝土组成叠合试件。为揭示叠合试件氯离子渗透作用规律,确定永久模板最佳厚度范围,以TRC永久厚度、耐碱纤维网层数以及界面处理方式为变量,进行叠合试件抗氯离子渗透性能试验研究和计算分析。结果表明:与未设置永久模板相比,当TRC永久模板厚度为10~50 mm时,叠合试件氯离子扩散系数分别降低73.2%~95.6%。耐碱纤维编网对永久模板抗氯离子渗透性能没有增强作用。水泥净浆涂刷、表面凿毛、短切纤维插入三种界面处理方式对叠合试件氯离子渗透系数和渗透深度的影响不显著。结合Duracrete模型定量分析,给出了海洋环境不同工况下TRC永久模板厚度建议范围。

关键词：永久模板叠合试件氯离子扩散系数模板厚度

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A three-dimensional coupled numerical model of nonlinear waves in a harbor

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2008年第12期51卷 2185-2196页

作者： l.G.THAM Department of Civil and Structural Engineering The University of Hong Kong

A 3-D time-domain numerical coupled model for nonlinear waves acting on a ship in a harbor has been developed in the present *** whole domain is divided into the inner domain and the outer *** inner domain is the area around the ship,where the flow is expressed by the laplace equation and numerically solved by the finite element *** other area is the outer domain,where the flow is described by the higher-order Boussinesq equations and numerically solved by the finite difference *** matching conditions on the interfaces between the inner domain and the outer domain,the procedure of coupled solution,the length of common domain and the mesh generation in the inner domain are discussed in *** other coupled model with the flow in the inner domain governed by the simplified linear Euler equations and relevant physical experiment are adopted to validate the present coupled model,and it is shown that the numerical results of the present model agree with the experimental data,so the present model can be used for the study on the effect of nonlinear waves acting on a fixed ship in a large area and provide a reference for the time-domain simulation of nonlinear wave forces on an arbitrary object in a large harbor and the 3-D district computation in the future.

关键词： 3-D coupled model nonlinear waves boussinesq equations laplace equation

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NUMERICAl SIMUlATION OF SUCCINONITRITE DENDRITIC GROWTH IN A FORCED FlOW

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2008年第6期21卷 444-450页

作者： Z. Chen C.l. Chen l.M. Hao School of Science Department of Applied Physics Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Structures and Properties Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi＇an 710072 China School of Science Xi＇an University of Science ＆ Technology Xi＇an 710054 China

Numerical simulation based on phase field method is performed to describe solidification process of pure material in a free or forced flow. The evolution of the interface is showed, and the effects of mesh grid and flow velocity on succinonitrite shape are studied. These results indicate that crystal grows into an equiaxial dendrite in a free flow and into an asymmetrical dendritic in a forced flow. With increasing flow velocity, the upstream dendritic arm tip grows faster and the downstream arm grows slower. However, the evolution of the perpendicular tip has no significant change. In addition, mesh grid has no influence on dendritic growth shape when mesh grid is above 300×300.

关键词： Phase field method Forced flow Dendritic Succinonitrite Tip velocity

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Evaluation of carbon-based nanosorbents synthesised by ethylene decomposition on stainless steel substrates as potential sequestrating materials for nickel ions in aqueous solution

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第9期24卷 1559-1568页

作者： X.J.lee l.Y.lee l.P.Y.Foo D.G.Hassell Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham Malaysia CampusJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia.

The present work covers the preparation of carbon-based nanosorbents by ethylene decomposition on stainless steel mesh without the use of external catalyst for the treatment of water containing nickel ions （Ni2＋）. The reaction temperature was varied from 650 to 850℃, while reaction time and ethylene to nitrogen flow ratio were maintained at 30 rain and 1：1 cma/min, respectively. Results show that nanosorbents synthesised at a reaction temperature of 650℃ had the smallest average diameter （75 nm）, largest BET surface area （68.95 m2/g） and least amount of impurity （0.98 wt.% Fe）. A series of batch sorption tests were performed to evaluate the effects of initial pH, initial metal concentration and contact time on Ni2~ removal by the nanosorbents. The equilibrium data fitted well to Freundlich isotherm. The kinetic data were best correlated to a pseudo second-order model indicating that the process was of chemisorption type. Further analysis by the Boyd kinetic model revealed that boundary layer diffusion was the controlling step. This primary study suggests that the prepared material with Freundiich constants compared well with those in the literature, is a promising sorbent for the sequestration of Ni2＋ in aqueous solutions.

关键词： adsorption nanosorbent nickel ions isotherms kinetics

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