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Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of UP1304,a botanical composite containing standardized extracts of Curcuma longa and Morus alba

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2016年第1期14卷 60-68页

作者： mesfin yimam Young-Chul Lee Breanna Moore Ping Jiao Mei Hong Jeong-Bum Nam Mi-Ran Kim Eu-Jin Hyun Min Chu Lidia Brownell Qi Jia Department of Discovery and Screening Unigen Inc. Seattle WA 98121 USA Department of Preclinical Development Unigen Inc. Cheonan-Si Chungnam 330-863 Korea

OBJECTIVE： Though the initial etiologies of arthritis are multifactorial, clinically, patients share the prime complaints of the disease, pain. Here the authors assessed the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of UP1304, a composite that contains a standardized blend of extracts from the rhizome of Curcuma /onga and the root bark of Morus a/ba, on rats with carrageenan-induced paw edema. METHODS： A plant library was screened for bradykinin receptor antagonists./n vivo, the anti- inflammatory and analgesic effects of the standardized composite, UP1304, were evaluated in rats with carrageenan-induced paw edema using oral dose ranges of 100-400 mg/kg. Ibuprofen, at a dose of 200 mg/kg, was used as a reference compound. In vitro, cycleoxygenase （COX） and lipoxygenase （LOX） inhibition assays were performed to evaluate the degree of inflammation. RESULTS： Statistically significant improvements in pain resistance and paw edema suppression were observed in animals treated with UP1304, when compared to vehicle-treated rats. Results from the highest dose of UP1304 （400 mg/kg） were similar to those achieved by ibuprofen treatment at 200 mg/kg. /n vitro, UP1304 showed dose-dependent inhibition of the enzymatic activities of COX and LOX. A half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 9.6 tJg/mL for bradykinin B1 inhibition was calculated for the organic extract of C./onga. Curcumin showed Ki values of 2.73 and 58 IJg/mL for bradykinin receptors B1 and B2, respectively. CONCLUSION： Data presented here suggest that UP1304, analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent of botanical origin, acted as a bradykinin receptor B1 and B2 antagonist, and inhibited COX and LOX enzyme activities. This compound should be considered for the management of symptoms associated with arthritis.

关键词： Curcuma Ionga Morus alba arthritis chronic pain bradykinin inhibition

Acute and 26-Week Repeated Oral Dose Toxicity Study of UP446, a Combination of ScutellariaExtract and AcaciaExtract in Rats

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第7期4卷 14-27页

作者： Young Chul Lee Eujin Hyun mesfin yimam Lidia Brownell Qi Jia Unigen Inc. Cheonan South Korea Unigen Inc. Seattle USA Unigen Inc. Seattle USA.

UP446 has been used in both joint supplements and prescription medical food. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmaceutical safety of UP446 via acute and 26-week repeated oral dose toxicity study in SD rats. In acute toxicity study, UP446 was administered by oral gavage to Sprague-Dawley rats (5 males and 5 females) at a dose of 5000 mg/kg. In 26-week repeated oral dose toxicity study, UP446 at doses of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg/day were given orally to groups of rats (10 rats/dose/sex) for 26-week. UP446 at a dose of 5000 mg/kg produced no treatment-related acute toxicity or mortality in any of the animals tested during 14 days of the study. In 26-week repeated dose toxicity study, there was no significant difference in body weight between the control and all treatment groups. Blackish stool and soft stool was observed in one male in the 1000 mg/kg group and in some males and females of 2000 mg/kg group. However, these changes of stool were not considered to be toxic effects because neither histopathological change in gastrointestinal tracks (GIT) nor body weight change were detected. No drug induced abnormalities were found as of body weights, food consumption, ophthalmological examinations, urinalysis, hematology, clinical chemistry, organ weights and gross necropsy in any animals in the dosing groups. These results suggest that the oral lethal dose of UP446 for male and female rats is in excess of 5000 mg/kg and the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of the UP446 for both male and female rats is considered to be greater than 2000 mg/kg/day.

关键词： Scutellaria baicalensis Acacia catechu Acute Oral Toxicity Repeated Oral Toxicity

UP780, a Chromone-Enriched AloeComposition, Enhances Adipose Insulin Receptor Signaling and Decreases Liver Lipid Biosynthesis

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Open Journal of Genetics 2013年第2期3卷 9-86页

作者： Julie Tseng-Crank Seon-Gil Do Brandon Corneliusen Carmen Hertel Jennifer Homan mesfin yimam Jifu Zhao Qi Jia Unigen Korea Songjung-Ri Byeongchen-Myeon Vheonan-Si Chungnam South Korea Unigen Seattle USA

Nutrigenomic studies were conducted to uncover the mechanism of action for the hypoglycemic and insulin sensitizing effects of UP780. From high fat diet-induced obesity mouse model for UP780, livers and white adipose tissues (WAT) from groups of lean control, high fat diet (HFD), and HFD treated with UP780 were collected for microarray study. Microarray generated gene expression changes were applied to Ingenuity Pathway Analysis for changes in canonical metabolic and signaling pathways. Microarray was validated by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (QPCR), Western blots, liver triglyceride, liver cholesterol, liver steatosis, and insulin ELISA. UP780 treatment decreased liver gene expressions for multiple enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis and triglyceride production. UP780 treatment increased gene expressions globally for the insulin receptor signaling pathway in WAT. Both liver triglyceride and liver cholesterol levels were significantly reduced by UP780 over HFD. The reduction of liver fat was confirmed by microscopic analysis of liver steatosis. Finally, UP780 significantly decreased fasting plasma insulin level over HFD. The mechanism of action for UP780 indicated a reduction of liver fat accumulation and an enhancement in adipose tissue insulin signaling pathway. This provided mechanistic explanation for the in vivo UP780 effects of enhanced insulin sensitiveity and decreased blood glucose in mouse diabetes and prediabetes models.

关键词： Nutrigenomics Insulin Signaling Pathway Liver Fatty Acid Biosynthesis Liver Steatosis Aloe Vera

Vegetation structure and regeneration status of the moist,evergreen, afromontane Bore–Anferara–Wadera forest in southern Ethiopia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第3期31卷 953-967页

作者： mesfin Woldearegay Zerihun Woldu Department of Biology College of Natural and Computational SciencesDebre Birhan UniversityP.O.Box 445Debre BirhanEthiopia Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management Addis Ababa UniversityP.O.Box 3434Addis AbabaEthiopia

In a survey of the Bore–Anferara–Wadera forest to study the vegetation structure and regeneration status of woody plant species, 112 quadrats were systematically sampled along altitudinal transects to collect vegetation data. Nested sample plots of 30 m × 30 m and 5 m × 5 m were laid for collecting data on abundance and some variables of tree and shrub size. The regeneration status of woody species was assessed by counting all seedlings within the main sample plot. Woody plant species taller than or equal to 3 m were counted and their height and DBH measured. Density, frequency, basal area and importance value(IV) of woody plant species were computed. A total of 136 vascular plant species belonging to119 genera and 63 families were recorded. The overall Shannon—Wiener diversity value was 3.84 and evenness was 0.78. Total density of trees and shrubs with DBH >2 cm was 1047 ha-1. Size class distribution of woody species across different DBH and height classes indicated a relatively high proportion of individuals at lower classes,suggesting impacts of past anthropogenic *** of population structure and regeneration status of the forest revealed various patterns of population dynamics where some species were represented by only a few mature plants, suggesting that they are on the verge of local extinction and that immediate conservation measures should be taken. The results highlight the need for joint management and conservation measures by the government, local people and other stakeholders to abate the rapid rate of deforestation and promote sustainable utilization of the forest resources in this forest in southern Ethiopia.

关键词： Anferara Afromontane forest Conservation Regeneration Structural analysis

Choices of Varieties and Demand for Improved Rice Seed in Fogera District of Ethiopia

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Rice science 2018年第6期25卷 350-356页

作者： A.H.mesfin L.ZEMEDU Agricultural Economics Research Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research/Agricultural Research Center Agricultural Economics Research Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research/Debrezeit Agricultural Research Center

In this study, 151 households were randomly drawn from three randomly selected Kebele in probability proportional to size method. The demographic and socio-economic factors that determine the participation in improved varieties were household labor availability, education level of the household head,land holdings, distance to the nearest village market, proximity to the main market, and distance to access agricultural extension and access to the source of rice seeds. However, determinants of choice decision varied from cultivar to cultivar. The evidence of the study from the interdependence among the decision of adoption of improved rice varieties suggested that technology adoption will be accelerated by launching a progressively developing package and scheme of rice technology generation, and points to the importance of mobilising additional resources to augment households' efforts at popularization and promotion of improved rice *** findings from Linearized Almost Ideal Demand Systems(LA/AIDS) model showed that compelling evidence for small proportion changes in own prices and cross price of improved rice varieties led to greater than unitary proportionate changes in their purchases. The results generally showed that farmers were very sensitive to changes in improved rice seed prices and incomes. The major implication of the findings was that any intervention to improve farmers' seed purchases should take into account efforts to increase farmers' purchasing power of agricultural inputs like improved seeds and fertilizers.

关键词： improved rice choice seed demand multivariate probit Linearized Almost Ideal Demand Systems

Characteristics of soil quality attributes under different agroecosystems and its implications for agriculture in the Choke Mountain watershed in Ethiopia

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第2期11卷 303-313页

作者： Demeku mesfin Engdawork ASSEFA Belay SIMANE College of Development Studies Center for Environment and DevelopmentAddis Ababa UniversityAddis Ababa 1000Ethiopia College of Social Science and Humanities Department of Geography and Environmental StudiesWolaita Sodo UniversityWolaita Sodo 4620Ethiopia

Awareness of how soil properties vary over agroecosystems(AES) is essential for understanding soil potentials and improving site-specific agricultural management strategies for a sustainable ecosystem. This study examined the characteristics of soil quality attributes and implications for agriculture in the Choke Mountain watershed in Ethiopia. Forty-seven composite soil samples(0–20 cm deep) were collected from lowland and valley fragmented(AES 1),midland plain with black soil(AES 2), midland plain with brown soil(AES 3),sloppy midland land(AES 4), and hilly and mountainous highlands(AES 5).Ten of 15 soil quality properties were significant(P < 0.05 or 0.01), including silt, exchangeable bases, cation exchange capacity, percent base saturation,p H, organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorous(P) across the five AES. However, all properties were variable with coefficients of variation from 7%(total porosity) to 169%(available P) across the AES. Although AES 2and 3 are affected by waterlogging and acidity, these two have better prospects for agriculture, but AES 1, 4, and 5 are unsuitable for agriculture because of soil erosion. Therefore, appropriate and applicable soil management strategies, particularly lime application and organic fertilizer, are fundamental to reversing soil acidity and improving soil fertility.

关键词： Agroecosystem Choke Mountain watershed coefficients of variation Ethiopia soil quality indicator

Superluminal light attenuated by strong dispersion of complex refractive index

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第2期25卷 477-481页

作者： Abdurahman Ahmed Yonis Vadim Nickolaevich Mal'nev Belayneh mesfin Ali Department of Physics Addis Ababa University

The propagation of narrow packets of electromagnetic waves（EMWs） in frequency dispersive medium with the consideration of the complex refractive index is studied. It is shown that counting in the dispersion of the complex refractive index within the context of the conventional expression of the group velocity of narrow wave packets of EMWs propagating in a dispersive medium results in the appearance of additional constraints on the group velocity, which dictates that the physically acceptable group velocity can only be realized in the case of a negligible imaginary part of the group index. In this paper, the conditions that allow one to realize the physically acceptable group velocity are formulated and analyzed numerically for the relevant model of the refractive index of a system of two-level atoms in the optical frequency range. It is shown that in the frequency band where superluminal light propagation is expected, there is a strong dispersion of the refractive index that is accompanied with strong absorption, resulting in a strongly attenuated superluminal light.

关键词： group velocity group index superluminal light slow waves

Carbon Nanotube-Textured Sand for Controlling Bioavailability of Contaminated Sediments

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Nano Research 2010年第6期3卷 412-422页

作者： Xingmao Ma Deepti Anand Xianfeng Zhang mesfin Tsige Saikat Talapatra Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Southern Illinois University CarbondaleIL 62901USA Department of Physics Southern Illinois University CarbondaleIL 62901USA

Sand particles textured with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) can efficiently control the mobility and bioavailability of contaminants found in aquatic sediments. Adsorption measurements for a wide variety of aquatic contaminants (chlorinated hydrocarbons) on MWCNT-textured sand showed orders of magnitude increase in their sorption coefficients compared to traditional materials (sand) when used for physically separating contaminated sediments from overlying water. Molecular dynamics simulations performed on model experimental systems emphasize that the hydrophobic interactions of the MWCNT surfaces play a crucial role in driving the water molecules away, promoting such enhanced contaminant uptake. The MWCNT-textured sand significantly reduced the migration of contaminants from sediments to overlying water and possesses suitable parameters needed for contaminant sequestration and sediment remediation technologies. The single step and scalable procedure described here for synthesizing robust MWCNT-textured sand surfaces will provide important improvements in the field of remediation/aquatic environment restoration technologies.

关键词： Multi-walled carbon nanotube(MWCNT)-textured sand in situ capping capping amendments chlorinated compounds

Effect of China’s technology spillovers on energy intensity in Africa

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2022年第2期20卷 168-176页

作者： mesfin Welderufael Berhe Junbing Huang Abel Dula Wedajo School of Economics Southwestern University of Finance and EconomicsChengdu611130China School of Business Administration Southwestern University of Finance and EconomicsChengdu611130China

Empirical studies on the effects of China-African economic relations on energy intensity in Africa are *** fill the gap in the literature,this study investigates the technology spillover effects of the China-Africa trade and investment relations on energy *** uses both linear and nonlinear dynamic panel estimation methods for 42 African countries from 2003 to *** results show that China's technology spillover through imports significantly reduces energy intensity in *** findings are consistent across specifications and sample ***,the technology spillover coming from foreign direct investment(FDI)improves energy intensity,particularly in lower-middle-income African *** dynamic threshold estimation results show that countries'absorptive ability is important for technology spillover effects of FDI and imports on energy *** results suggest that countries'absorptive capacity should be increased to maximize the benefits of trade and investment technology spillovers.

关键词： Energy intensity Technology spillovers FDI Trade and Dynamic panel model