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Post-fire recovery of Puya raimondii, vegetation and birds in the puna of Huascarán National Park, Perú

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Journal of Mountain science 2024年第1期21卷 20-32页

作者： mery l.s.ni Giovana P.VADIllO César ARANA Enoc JARA-PENA letty sAlINAs M.Estela PONCE Paul M.RAMsAY Plant Physiology laboratory Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Natural History Museum Universidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15072Peru Applied Phytology laboratory Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Department of statistics Faculty of Mathematical SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Department of Chemical and Biological sciences Universidad de las Américas PueblaSan Andrés Cholula CP Cholula CP 72810Mexico

A large fire of 233 ha in Huascarán National Park in Peru provided an opportunity to compare plant and bird responses in burned and nearby unburned zones of the puna. Heights and live diameters of flagship Puya raimondii rosettes(assigned to four broad developmental phases), plant communities(66 species in 24 families and nine growth forms) and bird communities(77 species in six trophic guilds) were monitored after the fire. Although no mortality was observed, Puya raimondii plants were affected by the fire, losing approximately 60% of their photosynthetic area across all developmental phases, but recovered quickly during the first two years after fire. The comparison of Puya rosette recovery after fire was complicated by the changes in live rosette diameter for unburned plants, which showed plasticity of photosynthetic area linked to seasonal and annual fluctuations in precipitation in this relatively dry environment(decreased by 26% for mature adult plants over the study period). Fire caused an immediate change in the density, biomass and composition of vegetation. Although the species present remained similar, their abundances changed significantly immediately after the fire, with notable reductions in dominant tussock grasses. This provided opportunities for other plants, resulting in higher postfire diversity of plant species, genera, families and growth forms. In turn, the changes in vegetation after fire affected the composition of birds according to their trophic guild. Granivores largely disappeared,generalists were mostly unaffected, and other guilds showed a more complex response. As the vegetation recovered, most displaced birds returned within approximately one year.

关键词： Burning Plant biomass Trophic guilds Andes Giant rosette plants

High-throughput and simultaneous inertial separation of tumor cells and clusters from malignant effusions using spiral-contraction-expansion channels

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 91-99页

作者： Zhixian Zhu Hui Ren Dan Wu Zhonghua ni Nan Xiang school of Mechanical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical InstrumentsSoutheast University211189NanjingChina school of Mechanical Technology Wuxi Institute of TechnologyNo.1600 Gaolang West Road214129WuxiChina Department of Oncology Jiangyin People’s Hospital214400JiangyinChina

Tumor cell clusters are regarded as critical factors in cancer pathophysiology,and increasing evidence of their higher treatment resistance and metastasis compared to single tumor cells has been ***,existing cell separation methods that are designed for single tumor cells cannot be used to simultaneously purify tumor cell *** address this problem,we demonstrated a microfluidic approach for the high-throughput,continuous-flow ternary separation of single tumor cells,tumor cell clusters,and WBCs from clinical pleural or abdominal effusions by coupling slanted spiral channels and periodic contraction-expansion *** first systematically explored the influence of particle size and flow rate on particle *** separation performance indicated that 94.0%of WBCs were removed and more than 97%of MDA-MB-231 tumor cells were recovered at a high flow rate of 3500µl/***,more than 90%of tumor cell clusters were effectively preserved after ***,we successfully applied our device for the ternary separation of single tumor cells,tumor cell clusters,and WBCs from different malignant effusions collected from patients with metastatic ***,our spiral-contraction-expansion device has potential as a sample pretreatment tool for the cytological diagnosis of malignant effusions.

关键词： separation contraction removed

Utilization of recycled solid waste as ecological reclamation materials based on plant growth experiments and soil quality analysis

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Journal of Mountain science 2024年第3期21卷 820-834页

作者： QIN Xiaochun ni Anchen YANG Dongxiao XING Wenhu lIU shiliang College of Civil Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China shanxi Road&Bridge Construction Group Co. LtdShanxi 030006China school of Environment Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 111875China

During the highway construction,a large number of spoil areas will be generated while a large amount of waste slag and soil could not be rationally ***,the vegetation recovery is slow in the spoil areas due to the soil *** at recycling the solid waste,the sieved engineering waste slag with local red clay and corn straw biochar was supplied to solve the problem of insufficient nutrients in engineering waste slag and *** addition,planting experiments of alfalfa(Medicago sativa l.)and Amorpha fruticosa *** with physical and chemical experiments were carried out to prove the feasibility of the novel improved substrate for the reclamation of spoil *** results show that the substrate's improvement effect is mainly affected by the soil to slag ratio and the biochar *** improvement effect of soil matrix in highway spoil area decreases with the increase of the waste slag content,especially when the soil-slag ratio is less than 3,and the promotion of plants is *** the contrary,the improvement effect is proportional to the biochar content(3%-8%).But it is noted that the Cu and Pb in the soil will exceed the clean limit corresponding to the Nemero soil pollution index level when the biochar content is 8%.Therefore,it is recommended that the soil-slag ratio should be≥3,and the biochar content should reach 3%-5%.This research provides experimental basis and technical support for utilizing solid waste resources in the reclamation of highway spoil areas.

关键词： Highway spoil area Waste slag Modified soil Ecological reclamation

A statistical analysis of the Kappa-type energy spectrum distribution of radiation belt electrons observed by Van Allen Probes

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 368-374页

作者： luHuai Jiao Xin Ma YuanNong Zhang TaiFeng Jin song Fu BinBin ni Department of space Physics School of Electronic InformationWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

The energy spectrum of energetic electrons is a key factor representing the dynamic variations of Earth’s Van Allen radiation *** measurements have indicated that the commonly used Maxwellian and Kappa distributions are inadequate for capturing the realistic spectral distributions of radiation belt *** we adopt the Kappa-type(KT)distribution as the fitting function and perform a statistical analysis to investigate the radiation belt electron flux spectra observed by the Van Allen *** calculating the optimal values of the key KT distribution parameters(i.e.,κandθ2)from the observed spectral shapes,we fit the radiation belt electron fluxes at different l-shells under different geomagnetic *** this manner,we obtain typical values of the KT distribution parameters,which are statistically feasible for modeling the radiation belt electron flux profiles during either geomagnetically quiet or active periods.A comparison of the KT distribution model results with those using the Maxwellian or Kappa distribution reveals the advantage of the KT distribution for studying the overall properties of the radiation belt electron spectral distribution,which has important implications for deepening the current understanding of the radiation belt electron dynamics under evolving geomagnetic conditions.

关键词： radiation belt electron Kappa-type distribution fitting geomagnetic storm

Clathrin light chains negatively regulate plant immunity by hijacking the autophagy pathway

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Plant Communications 2024年第8期5卷 172-188页

作者： Hu-Jiao lan Jie Ran Wen-Xu Wang lei Zhang ni-ni Wu Ya-Ting Zhao Min-Jun Huang Min ni Fen liu ninghui Cheng Paul A.Nakata Jianwei Pan steven A.Whitham Barbara J.Baker Jian-Zhong liu Zhejiang Provincial Key laboratory of Biotechnology on specialty Economic Plants Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China Institute of Plant Genetics and Developmental Biology College of Chemistry and Life SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China College of life sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Plant Gene Expression Center U.S.Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research ServiceAlbanyCA 94706USA lushan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesJiujiang 332000China U.s.Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research service Children’s Nutrition Research CenterDepartment of PediatricsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA

The crosstalk between clathrin-mediated endocytosis(CME)and the autophagy pathway has been reported in mammals;however,the interconnection of CME with autophagy has not been established in ***,we report that the Arabidopsis ClATHRIN lIGHT CHAIN(ClC)subunit 2 and 3 double mutant,clc2-1 clc3-1,phenocopies Arabidopsis AUTOPHAGY-RElATED GENE(ATG)mutants in both autoimmunity and nutrient ***,the autophagy pathway is significantly compromised in the clc2-1 clc3-1 ***,multiple assays demonstrate that ClC2 directly interacts with ATG8h/ATG8i in a domain-specific *** expected,both GFP-ATG8h/GFP-ATG8i and ClC2-GFP are subjected to autophagic degradation,and degradation of GFP-ATG8h is significantly reduced in the clc2-1 clc3-1 ***,simultaneous knockout of ATG8h and ATG8i by CRIsPR-Cas9 results in enhanced resistance against Golovinomyces cichoracearum,supporting the functional relevance of the ClC2-ATG8h/8i *** conclusion,our results reveal a link between the function of ClCs and the autophagy pathway in Arabidopsis.

关键词： autophagy clathrin light chain immunity clathrin-mediated endocytosis senescence cell death

long-lived lunar volcanism sustained by precession-driven core-mantle friction

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National science Review 2024年第2期11卷 114-123页

作者： shuoran Yu Xiao Xiao shengxia Gong nicola Tosi Jun Huang Doris Breuer long Xiao Dongdong ni state Key laboratory of lunar and Planetary sciences Macau University of Science and Technology Planetary science Institute State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences CAs Key laboratory of Planetary sciences Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Institute of Planetary Research German Aerospace Centre(DLR)

Core-mantle friction induced by the precession of the Moon's spin axis is a strong heat source in the deep lunar mantle during the early phase of a satellite's evolution, but its influence on the long-term thermal evolution still remains poorly explored. Using a one-dimensional thermal evolution model, we show that core-mantle friction can sustain global-scale partial melting in the upper lunar mantle until ～3.1 Ga, thus accounting for the intense volcanic activity on the Moon before ～3.0 Ga. Besides, core-mantle friction tends to suppress the secular cooling of the lunar core and is unlikely to be an energy source for the long-lived lunar core dynamo. Our model also favours the transition of the Cassini state before the end of the lunar magma ocean phase(～4.2 Ga), which implies a decreasing lunar obliquity over time after the solidification of the lunar magma ocean. such a trend of lunar obliquity evolution may allow volcanically released water to be buried in the lunar regolith of the polar regions. As a consequence, local water ice could be more abundant than previously thought when considering only its accumulation caused by solar wind and comet spreading.

关键词： Moon precession orbit volcanism

Exogenous insulin autoimmune syndrome:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第9期12卷 1691-1697页

作者： ling-ling Xu Jia-Xin Chen Jing-Ping Cheng ni luo Medical College School of MedicineWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430065Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Gerontology CR&WISCO General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430080Hubei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Insulin autoimmune syndrome(IAs)is a severe manifestation of spontaneous *** is characterized by elevated levels of immune-reactive insulin and highly potent insulin autoantibodies(IAAs),which are induced by endogenous insulin circulating in the *** is distinguished by recurring instances of spontaneous hypoglycemia,the presence of IAA within the body,a substantial elevation in serum insulin levels,and an absence of prior exogenous insulin ***,recent studies show that both conventional insulin and its analogs can induce IAs episodes,giving rise to the notion of nonclassical ***,more attention should be paid to these *** sUMMARY In this case report,we present a rare case of non-classical IAs in an 83-year-old male patient who present with symptoms of a psychiatric *** symptom onset,the patient exhibited Whipple's triad(including hypoglycemia,blood glucose level less than 2.8 mmol/l during onset,and rapid relief of hypoglycemic symptoms after glucose administration).Concurrently,his serum insulin level was significantly elevated,which contradicted his C-peptide *** a comprehensive examination,the patient was diagnosed with exogenous insulin autoimmune *** that the patient had type 2 diabetes mellitus and a history of exogenous insulin use before disease onset,it was presumed that non classical IAs was induced by this *** PubMed database was used to search for previous cases of IAs and non-classical IAs to analyze their characteristics and treatment *** The occurrence of non-classical IAs is associated with exogenous insulin or its analogs,as well as with sulfhydryl *** can be effectively alleviated through the discontinuation of relevant medications,administration of hormones or immunosuppressants,plasma exchange,and lifestyle adjustments.

关键词： Insulin autoimmune syndrome Type 2 diabetes Exogenous insulin Insulin autoantibodies Hypoglycemia Case report

safer solid-state lithium metal batteries:Mechanisms and strategies

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InfoMat 2024年第2期6卷 1-27页

作者： shi-Jie Yang Jiang-Kui Hu Feng-ni Jiang Hong Yuan Ho seok Park Jia-Qi Huang school of Materials science&Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingthe People's Republic of China Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingthe People's Republic of China College of Chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuanShanxithe People's Republic of China Beijing Key laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingthe People's Republic of China Center for Next-Generation Energy Materials and school of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea

solid-state batteries that employ solid-state electrolytes(ssEs)to replace routine liquid electrolytes are considered to be one of the most promising solutions for achieving high-safety lithium metal *** with high mechanical modulus,thermal stability,and non-flammability can not only inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites but also enhance the safety of lithium metal ***,several internal materials/electrodes-related thermal hazards demonstrated by recent works show that solid-state lithium metal batteries(sslMBs)are not ***,understanding the potential thermal hazards of sslMBs is critical for their more secure and widespread *** this contribution,we provide a comprehensive overview of the thermal failure mechanism of sslMBs from materials to ***,strategies to improve the thermal safety performance of sslMBs are included from the view of material enhancement,battery design,and external ***,the future directions are further *** hope that this work can shed bright insights into the path of constructing energy storage devices with high energy density and safety.

关键词： lithium metal batteries safety improvements solid-state batteries thermal failures thermal runaway

A chiral fluorescent probe for molecular recognition of basic amino acids in solutions and cells

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Chinese Chemical letters 2024年第10期35卷 364-369页

作者： Chuan-Zhi ni Ruo-Ming li Fang-Qi Zhang Qu-Ao-Wei li Yuan-Yuan Zhu Jie Zeng shuang-Xi Gu school of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering School of Chemical Engineering&PharmacyPharmaceutical Research InstituteHubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical TechnologyWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China Nanjing Pusheng Biomedical Co. Ltd.Nanjing 210033China

A novel and readily available binaphthyl-based fluorescent probe(s)-1 was designed and synthesized.(s)-1 can be used to not only chemoselectively discriminate 3 basic amino acids out of common amino acids,but also enantioselectively recognize ***,enantioselective imaging of histidine in cells was achieved for the first time by the probe(s)-*** performances endowed it potential application in the chiral analysis of basic amino acids in asymmetric synthesis and cell imaging for diagnosis of diseases caused by racemization of *** magnetic resonance(NMR)and mass spectrometry investigations suggested that different reaction extent of(s)-1 with l/D-histidine and different product structures generated the observed enantioselective fluorescent *** molecular structures and thermodynamic stability of the complexes,formed from(s)-1+Zn2+and enantiomers of histidine,were calculated by Gaussian 16 based on density functional theory(DFT)to validate the above action mechanism.

关键词： Fluorescent probe Chiral recognition Enantioselectivity Chemoselectivity Basic amino acids Cell imaging