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Pb-Stress Induced Oxidative Stress Caused Alterations in Antioxidant Efficacy in Two Groundnut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i>L.) Cultivars

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第10期6卷 1283-1297页

作者： Ambekar Nareshkumar Gounipalli Veeranagamallaiah merum pandurangaiah Kurnool Kiranmai Vennapusa Amaranathareddy Uppala Lokesh Boya Venkatesh Chinta Sudhakar Plant Molecular Biology Unit Department of Botany Sri Krishnadevaraya University Anantapur India

Lead (Pb) is an important environmental pollutant extremely toxic to plants and other living organisms including humans. To assess Pb phytotoxicity, a pot culture experiment was carried out using two groundnut cultivars (Arachis hypogaea L. cultivar K6 and cultivar K9) on plant growth, ROS levels, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant metabolism using biochemical, histochemical methods. Plants were grown in pots for 14 days, in the botanic garden, and subjected to Pb-stress (0, 100, 200, 400 and 800 ppm) by adding Pb (NO3)2 solution and further allowed to grow for 10 days. The results showed that cultivar K6 registered lower Pb accumulation than cultivar K9, however, localization of Pb was greater in roots than leaves in both groundnut cultivars. The Pb-stress results in an increase in free radicals (O2?- and H2O2) generation in both groundnut cultivars, but more significantly in cultivar K9 than K6. Pb-stress also caused significant changes in the rate of peroxidation as shown in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) content in roots and leaves of both groundnut cultivars. Free proline, ascorbic acid (AsA) and non-protein thiol (NP-SH) contents were increased in cultivar K6 due to Pb-stress, but less in cultivar K9. Pb treated plants showed increased levels of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST). Isozyme band intensities of SOD, GPX and APX were more consistent with the respective changes in antioxidative enzyme activities. These results indicate that cultivar K6 possesses greater tolerance potential for Pb toxicity than cultivar K9.

关键词： Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Pb-Stress Oxidative Stress Antioxidant Enzymes Non-Protein Thiols Reactive Oxygen Species

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Expression Analysis of WRKY Transcription Factor Genes in Response to Abiotic Stresses in Horsegram (Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.)

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2016年第4期6卷 125-137页

作者： Kurnool Kiranmai Lokanadha Rao Gunupuru Ambekar Nareshkumar Vennapusa Amaranatha Reddy Uppala Lokesh merum pandurangaiah Boya Venkatesh Tanguturi Venkata Kirankumar Chinta Sudhakar Department of Botany Sri Krishnadevaraya University Anantapur India Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions Laboratory University College Dublin Dublin Ireland Department of Crop Physiology GKVK Bangalore India Shenzhen Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China

Drought and salt stress are two major environmental constraints that limit the productivity of agriculture crops worldwide. WRKY transcription factors are the plant-specific transcription factors that regulate several developmental events and stress responses in plants. The WRKY domain is defined by a 60-amino acid conserved sequence named WRKYGQK at N-terminal and a Zinc Finger-like motif at the C-terminal. WRKY genes are known to respond several stresses which may act as negative or positive regulators. The function of most of the WRKY transcription factors from non-model plants remains poorly understood. This investigation shows the expression levels of eight WRKY transcription factor genes from horsegram plant under drought and salt stress conditions. The increase in mRNA transcript levels of WRKY transcription factor genes was found to be high in drought stressed plants compared to salt-stressed plants. The levels of MDA which indicates the lipid peroxidation were less in drought stress. More ROS is produced in salt stress conditions compared to drought. The results show that the expression of WRKY transcription factors in drought stress conditions is reducing the adverse effect of stress on plants. These results also suggest that, during abiotic stress conditions such as drought and salt stress, WRKY transcription factors are regulated at the transcription level.

关键词： Drought Salt Lipid Peroxidation Plant Abiotic Stress qRT-PCR Reactive Oxygen Species WRKY

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