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Compost Input Ef.ect on Dryland Wheat and f.rage Yields and Soil Quality

Pedosphere 2018年第3期28卷 451-462页

作者： f.ancisco J. CALDERON merle f. vigil Joseph BENJAMIN United States Department of.Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Central Great Plains Research Station Akron80720 CO( USA)

Organic agricultural systems rely on organic amendments to achieve crop f.rtility requirements, and weed control must be achieved without synthetic herbicides. Our objective was to determine the crop yield and soil quality as af.ected by a transition f.om grass to dryland organic agriculture in the Central Great Plains of.North America. This study evaluated three beef.f.edlot compost(Bf.)treatments in 2010–2015 f.llowing biennial application rates: 0(control), 22.9, and 108.7 t ha^(-1) on two dryland organic cropping systems: a wheat(Triticum aestivum)-f.llow(Wf. rotation harvested f.r grain and a triticale(Triticosecale)/pea(Pisum sativum)-f.llow(T/P-f. rotation harvested f.r f.rage. The triticale + pea biomass responded positively to the 108.7-t ha^(-1) Bf. treatment,but not the 22.9-t ha^(-1) Bf. treatment. The wheat biomass was not af.ected by Bf. addition, but biomass N content *** f.edlot compost input did not increase wheat grain yields, but had a positive ef.ect on wheat grain Zn content. Soil total C and N contents increased with the rate of.108.7 t ha^(-1) Bf. af.er three applications, but not with 22.9 t ha^(-1) Bf.. Soil enzyme activities associated with N and C cycling responded positively to the 108.7-t ha^(-1) Bf. treatment. Saturated salts were high in the soil receiving 108.7 t ha^(-1) of.Bf., but did not af.ect crop yields. These results showed that Bf. was ef.ective in enhancing f.rage yields, wheat grain quality, and soil C and N, as well as specif.c microbial enzymes important f.r nutrient cycling. However, the large rates of.Bf. necessary to elicit these positive responses did not increase grain yields, and resulted in an excessive buildup of.soil P.

关键词： organic agriculture soil C soil enzyme activity soil N pea triticale

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Cover Crop and Irrigation Ef.ects on Soil Microbial Communities and Enzymes in Semiarid Agroecosystems of.the Central Great Plains of.North America

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Pedosphere 2016年第2期26卷 192-205页

作者： f.ancisco J. CALDERON David NIELSEN Veronica ACOSTA-MARTINEZ merle f. vigil Drew LYON USDA-ARS Central Great Plains Research Station Akron CO 80720 USA USDA-ARS Cropping Systems Research Laboratory Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Unit Lubbock TX 79415 USA Department of.Crop and Soil Sciences Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-6420 USA

Cover crops can have benef.cial ef.ects on soil microbiology by increasing carbon （C） supply, but these benef.cial ef.ects can be modulated by precipitation conditions. The objective of.this study was to compare a f.llow-winter wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） rotation to several cover crop-winter wheat rotations under rainf.d and irrigated conditions in the semiarid US High Plains. Experiments were carried out at two sites, Sidney in Nebraska, and Akron in Colorado, USA, with three times of.soil sampling in 2012--2013 at cover crop termination, wheat planting, and wheat maturity. The experiments included f.ur single-species cover crops, a 10-species mixture, and a f.llow treatment. The variables measured were soil C and nitrogen （N）, soil community structure by f.tty acid methyl ester （f.ME） prof.les, and soil β-glucosidase,β-glucosaminidase, and phosphodiesterase activities. The f.llow treatment, devoid of.living plants, reduced the concentrations of.most f.MEs at cover crop termination. The total f.ME concentration was correlated with cover crop biomass （R = 0.62 at Sidney and 0.44 at Akron）. By the time of.wheat planting, there was a benef.cial ef.ect of.irrigation, which caused an increase in myeorrhizal and protozoan markers. At wheat maturity, the cover crop and irrigation ef.ects on soil f.MEs had subsided, but irrigation had a positive ef.ect on the β-glucosidase and phosphodiesterase activities at Akron, which was the drier of.the two sites. Cover crops and irrigation were slow to impact soil C concentration. Our results show that cover crops had a short-lived ef.ect on soil microbial communities in semiarid wheat-based rotations and irrigation could enhance soil enzyme activity. In the semiarid environment, longer time spans may have been needed to see benef.cial ef.ects of.cover crops on soil microbial community structure, soil enzyme activities, and soil C sequestration.

关键词： crop rotation enzyme activity f.ME prof.le f.tty acid methyl ester winter wheat

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Cf. simulation of.bubbly turbulent Tayor–Couette f.ow

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Chinese Journal of.Chemical Engineering 2016年第6期24卷 719-727页

作者： Xi Gao Bo Kong R.Dennis vigil Department of.Chemical & Biological Engineering 2114 Sweeney Hall Iowa State University

Bubbly gas-liquid Taylor-Couette vortex f.ow has been the subject of.several recent investigations both because of.interest in bubble-induced drag reduction and because such devices have potential applications to a variety of.chemical and biochemical processing problems. In order to quantitatively describe the hydrodynamics of.highly turbulent two phase Taylor-Couette f.ow, a rigorous two-f.uid computational f.uid dynamics （Cf.） model was developed and compared with previously published experimental data. This model includes a comprehensive description of.the constitutive closure f.r inter-phase f.rces and turbulence was simulated using both the k- and k-to models. In addition, the mechanism by which the dispersed f.uid attains a non-unif.rm radial and axial distribution is analyzed and the relative importance of.various interphase f.rces is discussed. Lastly the model was validated by comparison of.simulation predictions with experimental data, and it is shown that the Cf. model correctly predicts phase velocity, velocity f.uctuation, and gas distribution, and may provide guidance f.r reactor design and scale-up.

关键词： Taylor-Couette f.owTwo-phase f.owBubbleCf.

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A demand side management approach to increase self.consumption in buildings

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Building Simulation 2023年第2期16卷 317-335页

作者： Carlos f.rnández Bandera Gabriela Bastos Porsani María f.rnández-vigil Iglesias School of.Architecture University of Navarra31009 PamplonaSpain

There is a growing interest in increasing the presence of.renewable energy in the electric *** production f.om grid-connected systems is leading this growth in terms of.*** this development,concern about network security has emerged,because excesses of.intermittent renewable energy on the grid could exceed voltage ***-consumption,understood as the capacity of.the producer to consume his or her own production,can partially solve these *** controllable loads,such as heating and cooling,represent 50%of.the total amount of.energy consumed by buildings;the proper allocation of.these loads could be a driving f.rce f.r *** this study,a demand side management strategy is proposed based on a building energy model equipped with an inverter heat pump coupled with a photovoltaic *** goal is to maximize the use of.local energy f.om the photovoltaic plant(self.consumption),reducing the export and import of.energy to and f.om the *** goal is achieved by optimizing the set-points in each *** array of.optimal set-points over six years is *** results show the capacity of.the methodology to match similar values of.self.consumption(70%in winter and 50%in summer)obtained by strategies based on chemical *** f.ndings are shown in an energy matching chart at dif.erent levels of.detail(yearly and monthly).Color bubbles are added to the matching chart to help visualize the unmatched energy of.the system *** comparison with actual model predictive control technologies,this study’s strategy of.ers great simplicity and a large saving in computational time.

关键词： sensor data internal thermal mass energy simulation EnergyPlus inverse model

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Point-of.care ultrasound identif.cation of.pneumatosis intestinalis associated with Henoch-Schönlein purpura gastrointestinal involvement:A case report

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World Journal of.Emergency Medicine 2021年第1期12卷 76-78页

作者： Sek Wan Tan vigil James Aswin Warier Gene Yong-kwang Ong Children’s Emergency KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital229899Singapore

Dear editor,Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is the commonestvasculitis in children, typically af.ecting children agedthree to ten years.[1] It is a multi-systemic vasculitismediated by type III hypersensitivity with deposition of.mmunoglobulin. An immune complex-mediated vasculitisaf.ects small vessels of.the skin, joints, kidneys, andgastrointestinal (GI) tracts. HSP is usually a self.limitingcondition and resolves within six to eight weeks.[1]

关键词： gastrointestinal involvement Sch

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Water Def.cit Stress Ef.ects on Corn (<i>Zea mays</i>, L.) Root:Shoot Ratio

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Open Journal of.Soil Science 2014年第4期4卷 151-160页

作者： J. G. Benjamin D. C. Nielsen M. f. vigil M. M. Mikha f. Calderon Central Great Plains Research Station USDA-ARS Akron USA

A study was conducted at Akron, CO, USA, on a Weld silt loam in 2004 to quantif. the ef.ects of.water def.cit stress on corn (Zea mays, L.) root and shoot biomass. Corn plants were grown under a range of.soil bulk density and water conditions caused by previous tillage, crop rotation, and irrigation management. Water def.cit stress (Dstress) was quantif.ed by the number of.days when the water content in the surf.ce 0.3 m deviated f.om the water content range determined by the Least Limiting Water Range (LLWR). Root and shoot samples were collected at the V6, V12, and R1 growth stages. There was no signif.cant correlation between Dstress and shoot or root biomass at the V6 growth stage. At the V12 and R1 growth stages, there were negative, linear correlations among Dstress and both root biomass and shoot biomass. The proportional decrease of.shoot biomass was greater than the proportional decrease in root biomass, leading to an increase in the root:shoot ratio as water def.cit stress increased at all growth stages. Determining restrictive soil conditions using the LLWR may be usef.l f.r evaluating improvement or degradation of.the soil physical environment caused by soil management.

关键词： Shoot Ratio Least Limiting Water Range Water Stress Corn Root Development Soil Environment

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Alleviative ef.ects of.Cannabis f.ower on migraine and headache

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Journal of.Integrative Medicine 2020年第5期18卷 416-424页

作者： Sarah SStith Jegason PDiviant f.anco Brockelman Keenan Keeling Branden Hall Storri Lucern Jacob M.vigil Deparment of.Economics Faculy of Economics.University of New MexicoAlbuiquerqueNew Mexico 87131USA Department of.Psychology Sudent of Psychologv.University of New Mexico.AlbuquerqueNew Mexico 87131.USA Morebetter Ltd.Sof.ure Developer HatsvileMaryland 20781USA Department of.Psycholog Faculy of Psychology.University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew Mexico 87131USA

Objective: f.w studies to date have measured the real-time ef.ects of.consumption of.common and commercially available Cannabis products f.r the treatment of.headache and migraine under naturalistic conditions. This study examines, f.r the f.rst time, the ef.ectiveness of.using dried Cannabis f.ower, the most widely used type of.Cannabis product in the United States, in actual time f.r treatment of.headache-and migraine-related pain and the associations between dif.erent product characteristics and changes in symptom intensity f.llowing Cannabis ***: Between 06/10/2016 and 02/12/2019, 699 people used the Releaf.Application to record realtime details of.their Cannabis use, including product characteristics and symptom intensity levels prior to and f.llowing self.administration;data included 1910 session-level attempts to treat headache-(1328 sessions) or migraine-related pain(582 sessions). Changes in headache-or migraine-related pain intensity were measured on a 0–10 scale prior to, and immediately, f.llowing Cannabis ***: Ninety-f.ur percent of.users experienced symptom relief.within a two-hour observation window. The average symptom intensity reduction was 3.3 points on a 0–10 scale(standard deviation = 2.28,Cohen's d = 1.58), with males experiencing greater relief.than f.males(P f.than older users(P = 0.08). Mixed ef.ects regression models showed that, among the known(i.e., labeled) product characteristics, tetrahydrocannabinol levels 10% and higher are the strongest independent predictors of.symptom relief. and this ef.ect is particularly prominent in headache rather than migraine suf.erers(P f.males(P f.males and younger users also appear to gain greater symptom relief.f.om f.ower labeled as ‘‘C. indica" rather than ‘‘C. sativa" or other hybrid ***: These results suggest that whole dried Cannabis f.owe

关键词： Migraine Headache Cannabis Marijuana Symptom management

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Translating the expression of.pain in the f.ce of.uncertainty: The importance of.human pain experiments f.r applied and clinical science

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World Journal of.Anesthesiology 2015年第2期4卷 13-16页

作者： Eric Kruger Jacob M vigil Department of.Psychology University of New Mexico

This brief.commentary attempts to provide a concise synthesis of.social psychology experiments that inf.rm an interpretation of.clinical pain. f.om a social perspective the expression of.pain is a complex phenomenon that is greater than the patient's physiology. Numerous experiments show that pain is modulated by social andcontextual f.ctors. These experiments point to the role of.the listener as a social agent that can modulate the patient's expression. Within the clinical setting the patient's pain experience can be understood as the uncertainty of.physical damage and their expression as an attempt to reduce that uncertainty. How successf.lly this occurs is in part dependent on the empathetic reception of.the provider. Chronic pain is a state that is challenging to ef.ectively model in humans but may persist in patients due to an inability to receive ef.ective empathetic reception at the critical time of.need(at or near onset). Rather than f.cusing on pain's alleviation f.ture avenues of.pain interventions may do well by turning attention to the most ef.ective ways to impart a message that the patient will be "okay" in a genuinely empathetic manner.

关键词： Social psychology Uncertainty f.ar Catastrophizing Contextual modulation Health Medicine Pain management

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No pain, no social gains:A social-signaling perspective of.human pain behaviors

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World Journal of.Anesthesiology 2014年第1期3卷 18-30页

作者： Jacob M vigil Chance Strenth Department of.Psychology University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM 87131-1161United States

In this review article, we describe a social-signaling perspective of.human pain and pain empathizing behaviors which is based on the premise that pain percepts evolved to serve both intrapersonal as well as interpersonal, communicative f.nctions. This perspective of.ers a generative f.amework f.r understanding the natural origin and proximate expression of.f.lt pain and pain empathizing behaviors. The basic thesis is that humans evolved sensory-behavioral heuristics f.r perceiving and inhibiting exogenous and endogenous pain sensations as part of.more general expressive styles characterized by the demonstration of.vulnerability gestures(i.e., trustworthiness cues) versus empowerment gestures(i.e., capacity cues), and these styles ultimately f.cilitate broader self.rotection and social novelty-seeking lif.-history behavior strategies, respectively. We review the extant literature on how social contextual f.ctors(e.g., audience characteristics) and how structural and f.nctional components of.individual's social network appear to inf.uence the expression of.pain behaviors in ways that support basic predictions f.om the social-signaling perspective. We also show how the perspective can be used to interpret conventional f.ndings of.sex dif.erences in pain percepts and pain empathizing behaviors and f.r predicting how the situational context and individual's peer networks modulate these dif.erences in vitro and in vitro. We conclude the article by describing how pain researchers may better understand how varying levels and divergent directions of.changes in af.ect tend to co-occur with systematic changes in internal vs external pain sensitivities, and thus why, f.om an evolutionary perspective, pain may occur in the presence and absence of.physical tissue damage.

关键词： pain behaviors psychology social support sex dif.erences communication

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Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance Are Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease in Nondiabetic Adults with Abdominal Obesity

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International Journal of.Clinical Medicine 2011年第4期2卷 367-377页

作者： Luis vigil Albert Goday Raf.el Gabriel Juan f.ancisco Ascaso Josep f.anch Raf.el Ortega Internal Medicine Hospital Universitario de Mostoles Endocrinology Department Hospital del Mar Investigation Unit Hospital La Paz

Aims: we investigate whether insulin resistance is associated with an increased prevalence f.r chronic kidney disease irrespective of.the concurrent presence of.metabolic syndrome. Methods: 1638 patients with abdominal obesity were selected. Metabolic syndrome and abdominal obesity were def.ned according to the International Diabetes f.deration criteria. Insulin resistance was def.ned by Homeostasis Model Assessment Index >P75. Chronic kidney disease was def.ned by the presence of.a low estimated glomerular f.ltration rate (Results: metabolic syndrome was present in 1030 (62.9%) patients and insulin resistance in 787 (48%). Conversely 61% of.those with metabolic syndrome were insulin resistant and 79% of.those with insulin resistance had metabolic syndrome. Chronic kidney disease was present in 18%. In multivariate analysis, chronic kidney disease was increased in subjects with insulin resistance (odds ratio [OR] = 1.350;CI 95%: 1.021 - 1.785;p = 0.035) and in those with metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.417;CI 95%: 1.045 - 1.922;p = 0.025). Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance were signif.cant and independently associated with chronic kidney disease in nondiabetic adults with abdominal obesity.

关键词： Insulin Resistance Metabolic Syndrome Abdominal Obesity Microalbuminuria Chronic Kidney Disease

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