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Confinement of ionomer for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction via efficient mass transfer pathways

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 168-176页

作者： Xiaowei Du Peng Zhang Gong Zhang hui Gao Lili Zhang mengmeng Zhang Tuo Wang Jinlong Gong School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education Tianjin University Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin) National Industry-Education Platform of Energy Storage Tianjin University Joint School of the National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin University Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations

Gas diffusion electrodes（GDEs） mediate the transport of reactants, products and electrons for the electrocatalytic CO2reduction reaction（CO2RR） in membrane electrode assemblies. The random distribution of ionomer, added by the traditional physical mixing method, in the catalyst layer of GDEs affects the transport of ions and CO2. Such a phenomenon results in elevated cell voltage and decaying selectivity at high current densities. This paper describes a pre-confinement method to construct GDEs with homogeneously distributed ionomer, which enhances mass transfer locally at the active centers. The optimized GDE exhibited comparatively low cell voltages and high CO Faradaic efficiencies（FE > 90%） at a wide range of current densities. It can also operate stably for over 220 h with the cell voltage staying almost unchanged. This good performance can be preserved even with diluted CO2feeds, which is essential for pursuing a high single-pass conversion rate. This study provides a new approach to building efficient mass transfer pathways for ions and reactants in GDEs to promote the electrocatalytic CO2RR for practical applications.

关键词： CO2 electroreduction gas diffusion electrode mass transfer ionomer Ag catalyst

Co-Harvest Phase-Change Enthalpy and Isomerization Energy for High-Energy Heat Output by Controlling Crystallization of Alkyl-Grafted Azobenzene Molecules

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 419-428页

作者： Jian Gao Yiyu Feng Wenyu Fang hui Wang Jing Ge Xiaoyu Yang huitao Yu mengmeng Qin Wei Feng School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Ministry of EducationZhengzhou University

Photoisomerization-induced phase change are important for co-harvesting the latent heat and isomerization energy of azobenzene *** optimizing heat output and energy delivery at alternating temperatures are challenging because of the differences in crystallizability and *** article reports two series of asymmetrically alkylgrafted azobenzene （Azo-g）,with and without a methyl group,that have an optically triggered phase *** exothermic modes were designed to utilize crystallization enthalpy （ΔHc） and photothermal （isomerization）energy （ΔHp） at different temperatures determined by the ***-g has high heat output (275-303 J g-1) by synchronously releasingΔHcandΔHpover a wide temperature range （-79℃to 25℃）.We fabricated a new distributed energy utilization and delivery system to realize a temperature increase of 6.6℃at a temperature of-8℃.The findings offer insight into selective utilization of latent heat and isomerization energy by molecular optimization of crystallization and isomerization processes.

关键词： crystallizability distributed energy utilization system energy density exothermic modes isomerization

Intratumoural microbiota:a new frontier in cancer development and therapy

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 597-620页

作者： Yaqi Cao hui Xia Xueyun Tan Chunwei Shi Yanling Ma Daquan Meng mengmeng Zhou Zhilei Lv Sufei Wang Yang Jin Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory DiseasesKey Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health CommissionState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious DiseasesUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430022China Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted TherapyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430022China Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430022China Department of Pathogen Biology School of Basic MedicineTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430022China

Human microorganisms,including bacteria,fungi,and viruses,play key roles in several physiological and pathological *** studies discovered that tumour tissues once considered sterile actually host a variety of microorganisms,which have been confirmed to be closely related to *** concept of intratumoural microbiota was subsequently *** could colonise tumour tissues through mucosal destruction,adjacent tissue migration,and hematogenic invasion and affect the biological behaviour of tumours as an important part of the tumour *** studies have demonstrated that intratumoural microbiota potentially promote the initiation and progression of tumours by inducing genomic instability and mutations,affecting epigenetic modifications,promoting inflammation response,avoiding immune destruction,regulating metabolism,and activating invasion and *** more comprehensive and profound insights about intratumoral microbiota are continuously emerging,new methods for the early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of cancer patients have been under *** addition,interventions based on intratumoural microbiota show great potential to open a new chapter in antitumour therapy,especially immunotherapy,although there are some inevitable ***,we aim to provide an extensive review of the concept,development history,potential sources,heterogeneity,and carcinogenic mechanisms of intratumoural microorganisms,explore the potential role of microorganisms in tumour prognosis,and discuss current antitumour treatment regimens that target intratumoural microorganisms and the research prospects and limitations in this field.

关键词： tumour invasion metabolism

A single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of primate liver aging uncovers the pro-senescence role of SREBP2 in hepatocytes

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Protein & Cell 2024年第2期15卷 98-120页

作者： Shanshan Yang Chengyu Liu mengmeng Jiang Xiaoqian Liu Lingling Geng Yiyuan Zhang Shuhui Sun Kang Wang jian Yin Shuai Ma Si Wang Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte Weiqi Zhang Jing Qu Guang-hui Liu Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Aging Translational Medicine Center International Center for Aging and CancerBeijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research CenterXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for BioinformationBeijing 100101China Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100053China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing 100101China Aging Biomarker Consortium Beijing 100101China Altos Labs Inc.San DiegoCA 94022USA

Aging increases the risk ofliver diseases and systemic susceptibility to aging-related ***,cell type-specific changes and the underlying mechanism of liver aging in higher vertebrates remain incompletely ***,we constructed the first single-nucleus transcriptomic landscape of primate liver aging,in which we resolved cell type-specific gene expression fluctuation in hepatocytes across three liver zonations and detected aberrant cell-cell interactions between hepatocytes and niche *** in-depth dissection of this rich dataset,we identifed impaired lipid metabolism and upregulation of chronic inflammation-related genes prominently associated with declined liver functions during *** particular,hyperactivated sterol regulatory element-binding protein(SREBP)signaling was a hallmark of the aged liver,and consequently,forced activation of SREBP2 in human primary hepatocytes recapitulated in vivo aging phenotypes,manifesting as impaired detoxification and accelerated cellular *** study expands our knowledge of primate liver aging and informs the development of diagnostics and therapeutic interventions for liver aging and associated diseases.

关键词： single-nucleus RNA sequencing liver hepatocytes aging senescence SREBP2

Vibration attenuation performance of wind turbine tower using a prestressed tuned mass damper under seismic excitation

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第2期23卷 511-524页

作者： Lei Zhenbo Liu Gang Wang hui hui Yi School of Civil Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area Chongqing UniversityMinistry of EducationChongqing 400045China

With the rapid development of large megawatt wind turbines,the operation environment of wind turbine towers(WTTs)has become increasingly *** particular,seismic excitation can create a resonance response and cause excessive vibration of the *** investigate the vibration attenuation performance of the WTT under seismic excitations,a novel passive vibration control device,called a prestressed tuned mass damper(PS-TMD),is presented in this ***,a mathematical model is established based on structural dynamics under seismic ***,the mathematical analytical expression of the dynamic coefficient is deduced,and the parameter design method is obtained by system tuning ***,based on a theoretical analysis and parameter design,the numerical results showed that the PS-TMD was able to effectively mitigate the resonance under the harmonic basal ***,the time-history analysis method is used to verify the effectiveness of the traditional pendulum tuned mass damper(PTMD)and the novel PS-TMD device,and the results indicate that the vibration attenuation performance of the PS-TMD is better than the *** addition,the PS-TMD avoids the nonlinear effect due to the large oscillation angle,and has the potential to dissipate hysteretic energy under seismic excitation.

关键词： wind turbine tower prestressed tuned mass damper vibration control seismic excitation numerical simulation

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缺陷岩体中弹性波传播的多次散射效应分析

固体力学学报 2022年第3期43卷 360-368页

作者：刘永贵惠蒙蒙沈玲燕河南理工大学力学系焦作454000

弹性波在岩体中传播时与岩体缺陷相互作用形成复杂的传播图案.为研究缺陷对弹性波多次散射作用的影响,建立了双椭圆缺陷模型,基于Green函数基本解,采用边界积分的计算方法,得到了反映缺陷界面条件的刚度矩阵,分析了弹性波在双椭圆缺陷... 详细信息

弹性波在岩体中传播时与岩体缺陷相互作用形成复杂的传播图案.为研究缺陷对弹性波多次散射作用的影响,建立了双椭圆缺陷模型,基于Green函数基本解,采用边界积分的计算方法,得到了反映缺陷界面条件的刚度矩阵,分析了弹性波在双椭圆缺陷间的多次散射效应.结果表明:与单椭圆缺陷模型相比,双缺陷的相互作用使得弹性波频散和衰减效应增强,定量给出了缺陷的影响区域,从而明确了多次散射效应的尺度界限.进一步探讨了弹性波传播的多尺度效应,结果表明频散的Rayleigh峰、Mie峰和衰减的峰值频率同椭圆长轴和入射波波长两个尺度密切相关,存在明确的定量关系.相应的数值模拟结果表明,弹性波和缺陷相互作用在缺陷界面上诱发界面波,该界面波也存在频率相关性,影响了弹性波宏观传播的频散和衰减特征.

关键词：岩体多次散射尺度效应双椭圆模型

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摩擦界面波动效应的数值模拟

高压物理学报 2022年第5期36卷 42-53页

作者：刘永贵惠蒙蒙沈玲燕河南理工大学工程力学系河南焦作454000

界面摩擦是一种普遍的自然现象。基于摩擦的界面微接触断裂机制,采用线弹性本构关系和D-P破坏准则,建立了包含三角形微凸起的二维界面摩擦模型,采用有限元分析对入射波和摩擦界面的相互作用进行数值模拟。结果表明:在主动加载的微过程中... 详细信息

界面摩擦是一种普遍的自然现象。基于摩擦的界面微接触断裂机制,采用线弹性本构关系和D-P破坏准则,建立了包含三角形微凸起的二维界面摩擦模型,采用有限元分析对入射波和摩擦界面的相互作用进行数值模拟。结果表明:在主动加载的微过程中,界面存在显著的应力波动及精细结构特征,波阵面在界面近区域内的演化具有对称扩散性,应力扰动作用于界面微凸起可诱发其断裂,从而以断裂面为中心形成纵波、横波和界面波结构。一个有趣的现象是,在加载的瞬间,界面几乎同步产生了微应力扰动,以纵波形式向基体内传播,更多比较算例和分析证实该扰动产生的物理机制同作用在界面的整体重力微调整有关。该工作揭示了摩擦早期的界面波动效应及其微断裂机制,有望为地震预测提供新的有效途径,从而实现将地震预测时间提前。

关键词：波动力学界面摩擦模拟分析断裂地震预测

Analytical Solutions for an Isotropic Elastic Half-Plane with Complete Surface Effects Subjected to a Concentrated/Uniform Surface Load

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第3期37卷 371-384页

作者： Xia-hui Pan School of Civil Engineering Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo454003China

Within the context of Gurtin-Murdoch surface elasticity theory,closed-form analytical solutions are derived for an isotropic elastic half-plane subjected to a concentrated/uniform surface *** the effects of residual surface stress and surface elasticity are *** stress function method and Fourier integral transform technique are *** solutions are provided in a compact manner that can easily reduce to special situations that take into account either one surface effect or none at *** results indicate that surface effects generally lower the stress levels and smooth the deformation profiles in the *** elasticity plays a dominant role in the in-plane elastic fields for a tangentially loaded half-plane,while the effect of residual surface stress is fundamentally crucial for the out-of-plane stress and displacement when the half-plane is normally *** the remaining situations,combined effects of surface elasticity and residual surface stress should be *** results for a concentrated surface force serve essentially as fundamental solutions of the Flamant and the half-plane Cerruti problems with surface *** solutions presented in this work may be helpful for understanding the contact behaviors between solids at the nanoscale.

关键词： Surface effects Residual surface stress Surface elasticity Half-plane Analytical solutions

Light People:Professor Laura Na Liu

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 184-189页

作者： hui Wang Cun Yu Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences130033ChangchunChina

Editorial The DNA nanotechnology outlines a new chapter in biological sciences,opening a new era of scientific and technological advancements.A pioneer of DNA nanotechnology,Professor Liu from the University of Stuttgart in Germany,our latest Light People,has been working at the interface,where nanophotonics meets biology and *** the path of scientific explorations.

关键词： chemistry. advancement pioneer