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Microenvironmental stiffness mediates cytoskeleton re-organization in chondrocytes through laminin-FAK mechanotransduction

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International Journal of Oral Science 2022年第2期14卷 182-191页

作者： Chenchen Zhou Mengmeng Duan Daimo Guo Xinmei Du Demao Zhang Jing Xie State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Cariology and Endodontics West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina

Microenvironmental biophysical factors play a fundamental role in controlling cell behaviors including cell morphology,proliferation,adhesion and differentiation,and even determining the cell fate.Cells are able to actively sense the surrounding mechanical microenvironment and change their cellular morphology to adapt to it.Although cell morphological changes have been considered to be the first and most important step in the interaction between cells and their mechanical microenvironment,their regulatory network is not completely clear.In the current study,we generated silicon-based elastomer polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)substrates with stiff(15:1,PDMS elastomer vs.curing agent)and soft(45:1)stiffnesses,which showed the Young’s moduli of~450 k Pa and 46 kPa,respectively,and elucidated a new path in cytoskeleton re-organization in chondrocytes in response to changed substrate stiffnesses by characterizing the axis shift from the secreted extracellular protein lamininβ1,focal adhesion complex protein FAK to microfilament bundling.We first showed the cellular cytoskeleton changes in chondrocytes by characterizing the cell spreading area and cellular synapses.We then found the changes of secreted extracellular linkage protein,lamininβ1,and focal adhesion complex protein,FAK,in chondrocytes in response to different substrate stiffnesses.These two proteins were shown to be directly interacted by Co-IP and colocalization.We next showed that impact of FAK on the cytoskeleton organization by showing the changes of microfilament bundles and found the potential intermediate regulators.Taking together,this modulation axis of lamininβ1-FAK-microfilament could enlarge our understanding about the interdependence among mechanosensing,mechanotransduction,and cytoskeleton re-organization.

关键词： laminin mec stiffness

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Floating forest:A novel breakwater-windbreak structure against wind and wave hazards

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021年第5期15卷 1111-1127页

作者： Chien Ming WANG mengmeng HAN Junwei LYU Wenhui duan Kwanghoe JUNG School of Civil Engineering The University of QueenslandQueensland 4072Australia Department of Civil Engineering Monash UniversityVictoria 3168Australia Hyundai Engineering and Construction Technology Research CentreSeoul 03058Korea

A novel floating breakwater-windbreak structure(floating forest)has been designed for the protection of vulnerable coastal areas from extreme wind and wave loadings during storm conditions.The modular arch-shaped concrete structure is positioned perpendicularly to the direction of the prevailing wave and wind.The structure below the water surface acts as a porous breakwater with wave scattering capability.An array of tubular columns on the sloping deck of the breakwater act as an artificial forest-type windbreak.A feasibility study involving hydrodynamic and aerodynamic analyses has been performed,focusing on its capability in reducing wave heights and wind speeds in the lee side.The study shows that the proposed 1 km long floating forest is able to shelter a lee area that stretches up to 600 m,with 40%–60%wave energy reduction and 10%–80%peak wind speed reduction.

关键词： floating structure breakwater windbreak hydrodynamic CFD

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Effectiveness and safety evaluation of graded levels of N-carbamylglutamate in growing-finishing pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 412-418页

作者： Chunping Wang Lijun Shang Qiuping Guo Yehui duan mengmeng Han Fengna Li Yulong Yin Shiyan Qiao State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry CentreChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Beijing Bio-feed Additives Key Laboratory Beijing 100193China Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 100045China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China

The aim of this study was as follows:1)to investigate the effects of graded levels of N-carbamylglutamate(NCG)on performance,blood biochemical indexes,carcass traits and related indicators in growingfinishing pigs,and 2)to determine the optimal supplemental level.The toxicity of high-dose(much higher than recommended levels)NCG was assessed by routine blood tests and blood biochemical and histopathologic examinations of the heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney and stomach.One hundred and forty-four growing-finishing pigs(DurocLarge WhiteLandrace,32.24±1.03 kg)were used in a 74-d experiment and each treatment was replicated 6 times with 4 pigs(2 barrows and 2 gilts)per replicate.The dietary treatments were a corn-soybean meal basal diet supplemented with 0%(control),0.05%,0.1%,0.15%,0.2%or 1%NCG.The first 5 groups were used to explore the optimal supplemental level of NCG,while the control,0.1%and 1%NCG groups were used to explore the safety of high-dose NCG.Compared with the normal control group,the final body weight and average daily gain tended to be higher in the 0.1%group(P=0.08),the lean percentage tended to be higher in the 0.05%group(P=0.07),the levels of free amino acids in the blood significantly increased in the 0.1%group(P<0.05),both 0.1%and 0.15%NCG supplementation increased the levels of nitric oxide(NO)in serum(P=0.07)and muscle growth-and lipid metabolism-related gene expression(P<0.05)and NCG supplementation improved C18:1N9C monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA)in a dose-dependent manner(P=0.08).In addition,routine blood tests,blood biochemical indexes and histopathological examination revealed no abnormalities.Overall,increasing the levels of NCG did not linearly improve the above indicators;the 0.1%dose showed the best effect,and a high dose(1%)did not pose a toxicity risk.

关键词： N-carbamylglutamate Growth performance Meat quality Effectiveness Safety

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Efficient generation of targeted point mutations in the Brassica oleracea var.botrytis genome via a modified CRISPR/Cas9 system

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2022年第4期8卷 527-530页

作者： Guixiang Wang Mei Zong Di Liu Yage Wu Shouwei Tian Shuo Han Ning Guo Mengmeng Duan Liming Miao Fan Liu Beijing Vegetable Research Center Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(North China)Ministry of AgricultureBeijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm ImprovementBeijing 100097China

In this study,we used the modified CRISPR/Cas9 system to produce targeted point mutations in cauliflower.Acetolactate synthase(ALS)and Centromere-specific histone H3 variant(CENH3)genes were selected as the base-editing targets and hypocotyls of cauliflower were used as explants.For ALS gene,a C-to-T conversion in the Pro182 codon(CCT)can alter the encoded amino acid,likely resulting in herbicide resistance,and a C-to-T mutation in the Leu133 codon(CTT)in the CENH3 gene may produce a haploid inducer.Results indicated that the transformation efficiency was 1.8%–4.5%and the mutation efficiencies for the ALS and CENH3 genes were approximately 22%and 87%,respectively.The ALS mutant cauliflower showed strong herbicide resistance,with possible immediate implications for broadleaf weed control in cauliflower fields.

关键词： Cauliflower Targeted point mutations Base-editing CRISPR/Cas9 ALS CENH3

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Land–atmosphere–ocean coupling associated with the Tibetan Plateau and its climate impacts

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National Science Review 2020年第3期7卷 534-552页

作者： Yimin Liu mengmeng Lu Haijun Yang Anmin duan Bian He Song Yang Guoxiong Wu State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) College of Earth Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences School of Atmospheric Sciences& Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Sun Yat-sen University Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Harvard University Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies (LaCOAS) and Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of PhysicsPeking University Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)

This paper reviews recent advances regarding land–atmosphere–ocean coupling associated with the Tibetan Plateau(TP) and its climatic impacts. Thermal forcing over the TP interacts strongly with that over the Iranian Plateau, forming a coupled heating system that elevates the tropopause, generates a monsoonal meridional circulation over South Asia and creates conditions of large-scale ascent favorable for Asian summer monsoon development. TP heating leads to intensification and westward extension(northward movement) of the South Asian High(Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone), and exerts strong impacts on upstream climate variations from North Atlantic to West Asia. It also affects oceanic circulation and buoyancy fields via atmospheric stationary wave trains and air–sea interaction processes, contributing to formation of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. The TP thermal state and atmospheric–oceanic conditions are highly interactive and Asian summer monsoon variability is controlled synergistically by internal TP variability and external forcing factors.

关键词： Tibetan and Iranian Plateau system atmospheric heat source Asian summer monsoon upstream climate Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation

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基于Transformer特征融合的时间序列分类网络

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计算机科学 2023年第12期50卷 97-103页

作者：段梦梦金城复旦大学软件学院上海200438 复旦大学计算机科学技术学院上海200438

在时间序列分类任务中,模型集成方法通过训练多个基础模型并利用一定的规则来聚合基础模型的输出,从而得到比单一基础模型更准确的结果。目前模型集成方法主要关注基础模型的选择以及如何提高基础模型的差异性和多样性,忽视了对聚合规... 详细信息

在时间序列分类任务中,模型集成方法通过训练多个基础模型并利用一定的规则来聚合基础模型的输出,从而得到比单一基础模型更准确的结果。目前模型集成方法主要关注基础模型的选择以及如何提高基础模型的差异性和多样性,忽视了对聚合规则的探索。针对这一问题,提出了基于Transformer特征融合的时间序列分类网络(Transformer Feature Fusion Network,TFFN)。该网络包含二重Transformer编解码器(Dual Transformer Encoder Decoder,Dual TED)和基于Transformer的具有样本分布感知特性的分类模块(Transformer Encoder Head,TEH)两个核心组件。Dual TED利用Transformer的注意力模块对基础特征进行提取和融合,得到具有更强辨别性的融合特征。具有样本分布感知特性的分类模块根据融合特征对时间序列进行更准确的分类,从而弥补现有集成模型方法忽视特征融合、集成规则过于简单的不足。实验结果表明,TFFN在多个主流时间序列分类数据集上取得了最好的成绩。

关键词：时间序列分类模型集成 Transformer 特征融合深度学习

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Research and application of methods for effectiveness evaluation of mine cooling system

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2015年第4期25卷 649-654页

作者： Guo Pingye Wang Yanwei duan mengmeng Pang Dongyang Li Nan State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering China University of Mining and Technology China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research

Regarding the complexity and inconsistency of results in existing evaluation methods of mine cooling system, this paper clarifies the advantages, disadvantages and application of various mine cooling systems through principle analysis, and divides all the cooling systems into air-cooling, ice-cooling and water-cooling according to the transportation of cold energy. On this basis, the paper proposes a simple and efficient evaluation method for mine cooling system. The first index of this method is the air temperature at point C which is 15 m away from the return wind corner at working face. A cooling system will be judged ineligible if the air temperature at point C is above 30 °C during operation, because in this case, the combustible gases in coal will sharply overflow, inducing gas incidents. Based on the preliminary judgment of the first index, another two evaluation indexes are proposed based on the cooling ability and dehumidification of an airflow volume of 1000 m3/min at point C to evaluate the investment and operation cost of mine cooling system. This evaluation method has already been successfully applied in the cooling system design of Zhangshuanglou coal mine.

关键词：降温系统效能评估方法矿井应用评价方法冷却系统空气温度空气冷却

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Engineered Bacillus subtilis alleviates intestinal oxidative injury through Nrf2-Keap1 pathway in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC) K88-infected piglet

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2023年第6期24卷 496-509页

作者： Chaoyue WEN Hong ZHANG Qiuping GUO Yehui duan Sisi CHEN mengmeng HAN Fengna LI Mingliang JIN Yizhen WANG Institute of Feed Science Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang ProvinceKey Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionMinistry of EducationKey Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern ChinaMinistry of AgricultureCollege of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionNational Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry ProductionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China College of Advanced Agricultural Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBejing 100039China

Engineered probiotics can serve as therapeutics based on their ability of produce recombinant immune-stimulating properties.In this study,we built the recombinant Bacillus subtilis WB800 expressing antimicrobial peptide KR32(WB800-KR32)using genetic engineering methods and investigated its protective effects of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1(Keap1)pathway activation in intestinal oxidative disturbance induced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC)K88 in weaned piglets.Twenty-eight weaned piglets were randomly distributed into four treatment groups with seven replicates fed with a basal diet.The feed of the control group(CON)was infused with normal sterilized saline;meanwhile,the ETEC,ETEC+WB800,and ETEC+WB800-KR32 groups were orally administered normal sterilized saline,5×10^(10)CFU(CFU:colony forming units)WB800,and 5×10^(10)CFU WB800-KR32,respectively,on Days 1-14 and all infused with ETEC K881×10^(10)CFU on Days 15-17.The results showed that pretreatment with WB800-KR32 attenuated ETEC-induced intestinal disturbance,improved the mucosal activity of antioxidant enzyme(catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and glutathione peroxidase(GPx))and decreased the content of malondialdehyde(MDA).More importantly,WB800-KR32 downregulated genes involved in antioxidant defense(GPx and SOD1).Interestingly,WB800-KR32 upregulated the protein expression of Nrf2 and downregulated the protein expression of Keap1 in the ileum.WB800-KR32 markedly changed the richness estimators(Ace and Chao)of gut microbiota and increased the abundance of Eubacterium_rectale_ATCC_33656 in the feces.The results suggested that WB800-KR32 may alleviate ETEC-induced intestinal oxidative injury through the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway,providing a new perspective for WB800-KR32 as potential therapeutics to regulate intestinal oxidative disturbance in ETEC K88 infection.

关键词： Engineered probiotics Intestine Oxidative injury Weaned piglets Nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1(Keap1)pathway

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In Situ Rb-Sr Dates of Muscovite and Sulfur Isotope of Pyrite from the Yangshan Gold Deposit in Western Qinling,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2023年第5期97卷 1475-1489页

作者： HUANG Yong QI Xianmao WU Qingsong LI Jianzhong REN Minghua duan Liu’an XIONG Tao YANG Zhonghu ZHAO Yang CIREN Lamu WEI Wei duan Jilin YAN mengmeng Civil-Military Integration Center of China Geological Survey Chengdu 610036China China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074China Department of Geoscience University of NevadaLas Vegas 89154-4010USA Yantai Geological Survey Center of Coastal Zone China Geological SurveyYantaiShandong 264000China East China University of Technology Nanchang 330013China

Located along the southern part of the West Qinling orogenic belt,the Yangshan gold deposit is one of the largest in China.The major gold ores of Yangshan are disseminated in metasedimentary host rocks with minor native gold amounts in stibnite-gold quartz veins.Pyrite and arsenopyrite are the major Au-bearing minerals.Hydrothermal muscovite from gold-bearing quartz veins was dated using the in situ Rb-Sr method to determine the formation age of the Yangshan gold deposit.The Rb-Sr isochron date of the muscovite yielded 210.1±5.6 Ma(MSWD=1.2).This date is near the lower end of the period of the mineralized granitic dykes(210.49-213.10 Ma).Two stages of gold enriching process are recognized in the gold-bearing pyrite:the first is incorporated with the Co,Cu,As,Ni enrichment;and the second is accompanied by Bi,Co,Ni,Pb,Cu,Sb concentration.The in-situ sulfur isotopic values of pyrites show a restrictedΔ34s range of-1.43‰to 2.86‰with a mean value of 0.43‰.Trace-element mapping and in-situ sulfur isotopic analysis of pyrite suggest that the sulfur deposits are likely derived from a magmatic source and likely assimilated by sulfur from the sedimentary bedrock.Thus,magmatism plays a critical role in the formation of the Yangshan gold deposit.

关键词： Rb-Sr dating trace-element mapping sulfur isotope gold deposit Yangshan Qinling orogenic belt

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Annexin A5 derived from matrix vesicles protects against osteoporotic bone loss via mineralization

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Bone Research 2023年第4期11卷 860-875页

作者： Guanyue Su Demao Zhang Tiantian Li Tong Pei Jie Yang Shasha Tu Sijun Liu Jie Ren Yaojia Zhang Mengmeng Duan Xinrui Yang Yang Shen Chenchen Zhou Jing Xie Xiaoheng Liu Institute of Biomedical Engineering West China School of Basic Medical Sciences&Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Matrix vesicles(MVs)have shown strong effects in diseases such as vascular ectopic calcification and pathological calcified osteoarthritis and in wound repair of the skeletal system due to their membranous vesicle characteristics and abundant calcium and phosphorus content.However,the role of MVs in the progression of osteoporosis is poorly understood.Here,we report that annexin A5,an important component of the matrix vesicle membrane,plays a vital role in bone matrix homeostasis in the deterioration of osteoporosis.We first identified annexin A5 from adherent MVs but not dissociative MVs of osteoblasts and found that it could be sharply decreased in the bone matrix during the occurrence of osteoporosis based on ovariectomized mice.We then confirmed its potential in mediating the mineralization of the precursor osteoblast lineage via its initial binding with collagen type I to achieve MV adhesion and the subsequent activation of cellular autophagy.Finally,we proved its protective role in resisting bone loss by applying it to osteoporotic mice.Taken together,these data revealed the importance of annexin A5,originating from adherent MVs of osteoblasts,in bone matrix remodeling of osteoporosis and provided a new strategy for the treatment and intervention of bone loss.

关键词： protective wound matrix

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