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Heat Pumps in Denmark:Current Situation in Providing Frequency Control Ancillary Services

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第3期8卷 769-779页

作者： menglin Zhang Qiuwei Wu Theis Bo Harild Rasmussen Xiaodong yang Jinyu Wen Department of Electrical Engineering Centre for Electric Power and EnergyTechnical University of DenmarkKgs.LyngbyDenmark State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

-The Danish government set an ambitious goal to achieve a fully renewable-based energy system by 2050.In this context,the integrated electricity and heating system is undergoing rapid development in Denmark as a promising way to accommodate the ever-growing renewable energy sources(RESs).The electric heat pumps(HPs),coupled with the power and heat sectors,can propagate the flexibility on the heat consumer side to the power system operations,playing an important role of improving system flexibility and balancing the variability of the RES.In this paper,the current development situation of HPs in Denmark is analyzed,including both the large-scale HPs in the district heating system and individual HPs on the residential side.The possibility of using HPs to provide frequency control ancillary service(FCAS)is analyzed according to the market and technical requirements of the FCAS in the Danish transmission system and experimental results of representative demonstration projects of HPs.A comprehensive analysis of the advantages,barriers,future prospects,and challenges for using HPs to provide the FCAS are carried out from the perspectives of different entities.

关键词： Danish energy system frequency control ancillary service individual heat pumps integrated electricity and heat system large-scale heat pumps power to heat

NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTION IN LIQUID-FILLED PIPES BY METHOD OF CHARACTERISTICS

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2007年第3期20卷 44-49页

作者： yang Chao YI menglin College of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China School of Mechatronic Engineering East China Jiaotong University Nanchang 330013 China College of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074. China

Fluid-structure interaction （FSI） is essentially a dynamic phenomenon and always exists in fluid-filled pipe system. The four-equation model, which has been proved to be effective to describe and predict the phenomenon of FSI due to friction coupling and Poisson coupling being taken into account, is utilized to describe the FSI of fluid-filled pipe system. Terse compatibility equations are educed by the method of characteristics （MOC） to describe the fluid-filled pipe system. To shorten computing time needed to get the solutions under the condition of keeping accuracy requirement, two steps are adopted, firstly the time step Δt and divided number of the straight pipe are optimized, sec-ondly the mesh spacing Δz close to boundary is subdivided in several submeshes automatically ac-cording to the speed gradient of fluid. The mathematical model and arithmetic are validated by com-parisons between simulation solutions of two straight pipe systems and experiment known from lit-erature.

关键词： Fluid-structure interaction Method of characteristics Coupling Fluid-filled pipe system Optimization

Integrative Identification by Hi‑C Revealed Distinct Advanced Structural Variations in Lung Adenocarcinoma Tissue

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Phenomics 2023年第4期3卷 390-407页

作者： Tingting Song menglin Yao Ying yang Zhiqiang Liu Li Zhang Weimin Li Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Center of Precision MedicinePrecision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceFrontiers Science Center for Disease‑Related Molecular NetworkWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina

Advanced three-dimensional structure variations of chromatin in large genome fragments,such as conversion of A/B compartment,topologically associated domains(TADs)and chromatin loops are related closely to occurrence of malignant tumors.However,the structural characteristics of lung cancer still remain uncovered.In this study,we used high-throughput chromosome(Hi-C)conformation capture technology to detect the advanced structural variations in chromatin of two nonsmoking lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)tumor and paired normal tissues.The results indicate that significant chromatin variations are detected in tumor tissues compared with normal tissues.At compartment scale,the main conversion type of compartment is A→B in tumor tissues,which are concentrated mainly on chromosome 3(Chr3)(33.6%).A total of 216 tumor-specific TADs are identified in tumor tissues,which are distributed mainly in Chr1(19),Chr2(15)and Chr3(17).Forty-one distinct enhancer-promoter loops are observed in tumor tissue,which are associated closely to tumor-related pathways including mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-Protein kinase B(PI3K-AKT),Ras,Wnt and Ras1.The most important observation in this study is that we identify five important genes(SYT16,NCEH1,NXPE3,MB21D2,and DZIP1L),which are detected in both A→B compartment,TADs and chromatin loops in tumor samples,and four of these genes(NCEH1,NXPE3,MB21D2,and DZIP1L)locate on q arm of Chr3.Further gene expression and invasion experiment analysis show that NCEH1,MB21D2 and SYT16 are involved in the tumor development.Thus,we provide a comprehensive overview of advanced structures in LUAD for the first time and provide a basis for further research on the genetic variation of this tumor.

关键词： High-throughput chromosome Lung cancer Advanced structural variations Chromosome 3 Tumor-related genes

油气管网设施公平开放的内涵、现状、问题及路径探析

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天然气工业 2022年第10期42卷 123-130页

作者：高孟林黄丹杨启明国家管网集团工程技术创新有限公司

随着2019年国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司的成立,我国油气市场“X+1+X”的体系逐渐成型。为了建立公平、公正、竞争、有序的市场秩序,处于自然垄断地位的管网设施运营企业需要规范有效地实施油气管网设施的公平开放。为此,以油气管网... 详细信息

随着2019年国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司的成立,我国油气市场“X+1+X”的体系逐渐成型。为了建立公平、公正、竞争、有序的市场秩序,处于自然垄断地位的管网设施运营企业需要规范有效地实施油气管网设施的公平开放。为此,以油气管网设施公平开放问题为研究对象,深入分析了其内涵、现状及存在的问题,提出了油气管网设施公平开放的路径构想。研究结果表明:(1)总结了油气管网设施公平开放的时机条件、制度技术和政府监管等内涵要素,梳理了油气管网设施公平开放的政策演进历程,分析了公平接入、第三方准入和能力分配交易等执行现状。(2)指出了当前油气管网设施公平开放存在的5个方面的问题:法律制度配套建设尚不到位、业务分离尚不彻底、托运商准入管理仍需加强、运价体系适用性仍需提升、信息公开执行稍显混乱。(3)提出了进一步完善油气管网设施公平开放的6条建议,加快天然气领域制度完善;国家监管机构统一开展托运商准入管理;进一步丰富能力分配交易方式;建立适度集中统一的能力交易平台;探索独立监管体制,增强政府监管力量,提升政府监管力度;制定实施更能体现价值属性的差异化运价体系,与能力分配交易体系更相适应。结论认为,推进油气管网设施公平开放,对促进我国油气安全供应稳定,维护设施运营企业和用户的合法权益具有重要意义。

关键词：国家管网油气管网设施公平开放内涵交易监管政策路径

一步和两步溶液法制备CH3NH3PbI3钙钛矿太阳能电池电学性能对比

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一步和两步溶液法制备CH3NH3PbI3钙钛矿太阳能电池电学性能对比

Causal inference with marginal structural modeling for longitudinal data in laparoscopic surgery: A technical note

2020第四届全国太阳能材料与太阳能电池学术研讨会

作者： Qing-Dan yang menglin Li Yuanhang Cheng 广东工业大学轻工化工学院香港城市大学材料工程学院超金刚石及先进薄膜研究中心

虽然钙钛矿太阳能电池的光电转化效率已取得突飞猛进的发展,但是通过一步法和两步法工艺制备的器件效率仍存在较大区别。为了进一步理清不同制备工艺对器件效率影响的内在因素,我们研究了一步法和两步法工艺对钙钛矿薄膜的影响以及对相...

虽然钙钛矿太阳能电池的光电转化效率已取得突飞猛进的发展,但是通过一步法和两步法工艺制备的器件效率仍存在较大区别。为了进一步理清不同制备工艺对器件效率影响的内在因素,我们研究了一步法和两步法工艺对钙钛矿薄膜的影响以及对相应器件效率的影响。经研究发现:(1)在空气条件下,一步法和两步法制备的钙钛矿薄膜均比在手套箱氛围制备的薄膜表面粗糙;(2)一步法制备的钙钛矿前驱体反应更完全;(3)两步法制备的钙钛矿薄膜下层会有一部分PbI残留,在空气中制备的薄膜PbI残留量较手套箱多。粗糙的表面形貌和转化不完全的前驱体,是阻碍形成高质量的钙钛矿薄膜和高效率器件的关键因素。同时,我们系统研究了在手套箱中通过一步法和两步法,分别制备钙钛矿太阳能电池器件的效率变化情况。通过稳态荧光光谱(PL)及瞬态光电压(TPV)和瞬态光电流(TPC)等研究发现,两步法制备的器件存在较多缺陷导致的非辐射复合,是导致器件效率低的主要原因。最后,通过一步法结合高功函数的聚合物poly-TPD作为电荷传输材料,组装得到效率为17.5%的器件。

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2022年第4期5卷 146-152页

作者： Zhongheng Zhang Peng Jin menglin Feng Jie yang Jiajie Huang Lin Chen Ping Xu Jian Sun Caibao Hu Yucai Hong Department of Emergency Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310016China Key Laboratory of Digital Technology in Medical Diagnostics of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310016China Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310016China Division of Biostatistics Department of Population HealthNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10023USA Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health and Institute of Data Science National University of Singapore119077Singapore Department of Critical Care Medicine Jinhua Hospital Affiliated Zhejiang University School of MedicineJinhua 321000China Emergency Department Zigong Fourth People's HospitalZigong 643000China Institute of Medical Big Data Zigong Academy of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data for Medical Science Artificial IntelligenceZigong 643000China Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Zigong 643000China Department of Critical Care Medicine Lishui Center HospitalLishui 323000China Department of Intensive Care Medicine Zhejiang HospitalHangzhou 310013China

Causal inference prevails in the field of laparoscopic surgery.Once the causality between an intervention and outcome is established,the intervention can be applied to a target population to improve clinical outcomes.In many clinical scenarios,interventions are applied longitudinally in response to patients’conditions.Such longitudinal data comprise static variables,such as age,gender,and comorbidities;and dynamic variables,such as the treatment regime,laboratory variables,and vital signs.Some dynamic variables can act as both the confounder and mediator for the effect of an intervention on the outcome;in such cases,simple adjustment with a conventional regression model will bias the effect sizes.To address this,numerous statistical methods are being developed for causal inference;these include,but are not limited to,the structural marginal Cox regression model,dynamic treatment regime,and Cox regression model with time-varying covariates.This technical note provides a gentle introduction to such models and illustrates their use with an example in the field of laparoscopic surgery.

关键词： Causal inference Laparoscopic surgery Machine learning Marginal structural modeling

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分类激活图增强的图像分类算法

计算机科学与探索 2020年第1期14卷 149-158页

作者：杨萌林张文生中国科学院自动化研究所精密感知与控制研究中心北京100190 中国科学院大学人工智能学院北京100049

分类激活图(CAM)具有稀疏、不连续、不完整等问题,并且目前大部分研究仅将其用于可视化分析。基于此,首先利用扩张卷积设计了自动加权的多尺度特征学习来弥补分类激活图存在的问题,并将该多尺度特征与分类激活图生成方法结合,设计了多... 详细信息

分类激活图(CAM)具有稀疏、不连续、不完整等问题,并且目前大部分研究仅将其用于可视化分析。基于此,首先利用扩张卷积设计了自动加权的多尺度特征学习来弥补分类激活图存在的问题,并将该多尺度特征与分类激活图生成方法结合,设计了多尺度分类激活图生成方法。进一步,将该多尺度的分类激活图嵌入到网络中构成了端到端的结构,实现分类性能增强的目的。以残差网络ResNet为骨干网络,提出了分类增强模型ResNet-CE。在三个公开数据集CIFAR10、CIFAR100和STL10上,对该模型进行了大量的实验。实验表明:ResNet-CE在这三个数据集上的分类性能与参数量相当的ResNet相比有明显的提升,识别的错误率分别降低了0.23%、3.56%和7.96%,并且分类性能优于当前大部分的分类网络。提出的算法能够简单地迁移到已有的分类模型中,提高原有模型的分类性能。同时,该算法保留了对模型判断依据可视化和解释的功能,这在医疗影像中的疾病识别、无人驾驶的场景识别等场景中具有一定的应用价值和意义。

关键词：图像分类分类激活图(CAM) 多尺度可视化可解释性

Progranulin regulation of autophagy contributes to its chondroprotective effect in osteoarthritis

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第4期10卷 1582-1595页

作者： Yiming Pan Yuyou yang Mengtian Fan Cheng Chen Rong Jiang Li Liang menglin Xian Biao Kuang Nana Geng Naibo Feng Lin Deng Wei Zheng Fengmei Zhang Xiaoli Li Fengjin Guo Department of Cell Biology and Genetics Core Facility of Development BiologyChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Orthopaedics The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Orthopaedics The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Chongqing Medical University Laboratory Animal Center Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China

Progranulin(PGRN)is a multifunctional growth factor involved in many physiolog-ical processes and disease states.The apparent protective role of PGRN and the importance of chondrocyte autophagic function in the progression of osteoarthritis(OA)led us to investi-gate the role of PGRN in the regulation of chondrocyte autophagy.PGRN knockout chondro-cytes exhibited a deficient autophagic response with limited induction following rapamycin,serum starvation,and IL-1b-induced autophagy.PGRN-mediated anabolism and suppression of IL-1b-induced catabolism were largely abrogated in the presence of the BafA1 autophagy inhibitor.Mechanistically,during the process of OA,PGRN and the ATG5eATG12 conjugate form a protein complex;PGRN regulates autophagy in chondrocytes and OA through,at least partially,the interactions between PGRN and the ATG5eATG12 conjugate.Furthermore,the ATG5eATG12 conjugate is critical for cell proliferation and apoptosis.Knockdown or knockout of ATG5 reduces the expression of ATG5eATG12 conjugate and inhibits the chondroprotective effect of PGRN on anabolism and catabolism.Overexpression of PGRN partially reversed this effect.In brief,the PGRN-mediated regulation of chondrocyte autophagy plays a key role in the chondroprotective role of PGRN in OA.Such studies provide new insights into the pathogen-esis of OA and PGRN-associated autophagy in chondrocyte homeostasis.

关键词： Anabolism ATG12 ATG5 Autophagy Catabolism Osteoarthritis PGRN

Glutamine synthetase-negative hepatocellular carcinoma has better prognosis and response to sorafenib treatment after hepatectomy

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Chinese Medical Journal 2023年第17期136卷 2066-2076页

作者： Mingyang Shao Qing Tao Yahong Xu Qing Xu Yuke Shu Yuwei Chen Junyi Shen Yongjie Zhou Zhenru Wu menglin Chen Jiayin yang Yujun Shi Tianfu Wen Hong Bu Institute of Clinical Pathology Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and ImmunologyNHCWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Laboratory of Liver Transplantation Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular NetworkWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Department of Liver Surgery West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Department of Pathology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China

Background:Glutamine synthetase(GS)and arginase 1(Arg1)are widely used pathological markers that discriminate hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma;however,their clinical significance in HCC remains unclear.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 431 HCC patients:251 received hepatectomy alone,and the other 180 received sorafenib as adjuvant treatment after hepatectomy.Expression of GS and Arg1 in tumor specimens was evaluated using immunostaining.mRNA sequencing and immunostaining to detect progenitor markers(cytokeratin 19[CK19]and epithelial cell adhesion molecule[EpCAM])and mutant TP53 were also conducted.Results:Up to 72.4%(312/431)of HCC tumors were GS positive(GS+).Of the patients receiving hepatectomy alone,GS negative(GS-)patients had significantly better overall survival(OS)and recurrence-free survival(RFS)than GS+patients;negative expression of Arg1,which is exclusively expressed in GS-hepatocytes in the healthy liver,had a negative effect on prognosis.Of the patients with a high risk of recurrence who received additional sorafenib treatment,GS-patients tended to have better RFS than GS+patients,regardless of the expression status of Arg1.GS+HCC tumors exhibit many features of the established proliferation molecular stratification subtype,including poor differentiation,high alpha-fetoprotein levels,increased progenitor tumor cells,TP53 mutation,and upregulation of multiple tumor-related signaling pathways.Conclusions:GS-HCC patients have a better prognosis and are more likely to benefit from sorafenib treatment after hepatectomy.Immunostaining of GS may provide a simple and applicable approach for HCC molecular stratification to predict prognosis and guide targeted therapy.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Glutamine synthetase Molecular stratification Targeted therapy