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A graph-based pan-genome of Brassica oleracea provides new insights into its domestication and morphotype diversification

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Plant Communications 2024年第2期5卷 261-278页

作者： Ning Guo Shenyun Wang Tianyi Wang mengmeng Duan Mei Zong Liming Miao Shuo Han Guixiang Wang Xin Liu Deshuang Zhang Chengzhi Jiao Hongwei xu Liyang Chen Zhangjun Fei Jianbin Li Fan Liu State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding National Engineering Research Center for VegetablesBeijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm ImprovementKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Horticultural Crops(North China)Beijing Vegetable Research CenterBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry ScienceBeijing 100097China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement Vegetable Research InstituteJiangsu Academy of Agricultural ScienceNanjingJiangsuChina Smartgenomics Technology Institute Tianjin 301700China Boyce Thompson Institute IthacaNYUSA

The domestication of Brassica oleracea has resulted in diverse morphological types with distinct patterns of organ *** we report a graph-based pan-genome of *** constructed from high-quality genome assemblies of different *** pan-genome harbors over 200 structural variant hotspot regions enriched in auxin-andflowering-related *** genomic analyses revealed that early domestication of *** focused on leaf or stem *** resulting from agricultural practices and variety improvement were detected among different ***-sweep and pan-genome analyses identified an auxin-responsive small auxin up-regulated RNA gene and a CLAV-ATA3/ESR-RELATED family gene as crucial players in leaf–stem differentiation during the early stage of *** domestication and the BoKAN1 gene as instrumental in shaping the leafy heads of cabbage and Brussels *** pan-genome and functional analyses further revealed that variations in the BoFLC2 gene play key roles in the divergence of vernalization andflowering characteristics among different morphotypes,and variations in thefirst intron of BoFLC3 are involved infine-tuning theflowering process in *** study provides a comprehensive understanding of the pan-genome of *** and sheds light on the domestication and differential organ development of this globally important crop species.

关键词： Brassica oleracea graph-based pan-genome structural variants SV domestication morphotype diversification

Riverine sulfate sources and behaviors in arid environment,Northwest China:Constraints from sulfur and oxygen isotopes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 716-731页

作者： Yifu xu Wenjing Liu Bing xu Zhifang xu Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Innovation Academy for Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The fate of riverine sulfate ion (SO_(4)^(2-)) and its environmental effects in arid environment are difficult to evaluate due to its complicated sources and strongly coupled behaviors with water cycle which is significantly modified by *** understand the sulfur cycle in aquatic systems in arid environment,the chemical and sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions (δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)) of major rivers around the Badain Jaran Desert,northwestern China,were *** rivers had averaged SO_(4)^(2-)content at 1336μmol/L,over 10times higher than the global *** δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)values ranged from-5.3‰to+11.8‰and+1.6‰to+12.8‰,*** end-member analysis and the inverse model showed that riverine sulfate was mainly derived from evaporites dissolution (0-87%),sulfide oxidation (13%-100%) and precipitation (0-33%),indicating heterogeneity in sulfur sources and behaviors along the river drainage with the lithology variations and climate *** isotopic tools combining with hydro-chemistry compositions could be applied to reveal sulfur cycle in arid *** on the calculation,sulfide oxidation plays the primary role in the headwater and upstream in the Qilian-Mountains area,where sulfide is widely *** the proportion of evaporites dissolution contributing to riverine sulfate is much higher in downstream in a drier ***,less precipitation and higher temperature can lead to more intensive evaporation,affecting the process of sulfide oxidation and enhancing the rates of evaporites dissolution and sulfate precipitation in the basin.

关键词： Sulfur and oxygen isotopes Source apportionment Inverse model Arid environment Inland rivers Northwestern China

Structural variations of a new fertility restorer gene,Rf20,underlie the restoration of wild abortive-type cytoplasmic male sterility in rice

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Molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1272-1288页

作者： Shufeng Song Yixing Li Mudan Qiu Na xu Bin Li Longhui Zhang Lei Li Weijun Chen Jinglei Li Tiankang Wang Yingxin Qiu mengmeng Gong Dong Yu Hao Dong Siqi Xia Yi Pan Dingyang Yuan Li Li State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Hunan Hybrid Rice Research CenterHunan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha 410125China College of Agronomy Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China College of Plant Protection Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China College of Tropical Crops Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Longping Branch College of BiologyHunan UniversityChangsha 410125China

The discovery of a wild abortive-type(WA)cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)line and breeding its restorer line have led to the commercialization of three-line hybrid rice,contributing considerably to global food ***,the molecular mechanisms underlyingfertility abortion and the restoration of CMs-WA lines remain largely *** this study,we cloned a restorer gene,Rf2o,following a genome-wide association study analysis of the core parent lines of three-line hybrid *** found that Rf20 was present in all core parental lines,but different haplotypes and structural variants of its gene resulted in differences in Rf2o expression levels between sterileand restored ***20 could restorepollen fertility in the CMS-WA line and was found to be responsible for fertility restoration in some CMs lines under high *** addition,we found that Rf20 encodes a pentatricopeptide repeat protein that competes with WA352 for binding with *** interaction enhances Cox11's function as a scavenger of reactive oxygen species,which in turn restores ***,ourstudysuggestsanewactionmodeforpentatricopeptide repeatproteins inthe fertilityrestorationofCMs lines,providing an essential theoretical basisforbreedingrobustrestorer lines and for overcoming high temperature-induced fertility recovery of some CMS lines.

关键词： COX11 cytoplasmic male sterility rf20 WA352 wild abortion

Laboratory evaluation of high-friction thin overlays for pavement preservation

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 936-948页

作者： Ouming xu Rentao xu Lintong JIN School of Highway Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China School of Materials Science and Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710061China

Traditional asphalt concrete(AC)and stone matrix asphalt(SMA),which are used as thin asphalt overlays,are common maintenance strategies to enhancing ride quality,skid resistance,and ***,several studies have used a novel asphalt mixture known as a high-friction thin overlay(HFTO)to improve surface ***,it remains uncertain whether the laboratory properties of HFTO differ significantly from those of conventional *** study aims to evaluate the laboratory properties of HFTO mixtures and compare them with those of AC and *** mixtures with nominal maximum size of 9.5 mm were produced in the laboratory,and performance tests were conducted,including wheel tracking test,low temperature flexural creep test,moisture susceptibility test,Cantabro Abrasion Test,Marshall Test,sand patch test,British pendulum test,and indoor tire-rollingdown *** results showed that the HFTO exhibited a lower tire/pavement noise than the AC and ***,HFTO had superior high-temperature stability,larger macro texture,and higher skid resistance in comparison to those of AC,but lower than those of ***,HFTO mixtures may be considered a suitable replacement for traditional AC mixtures in regions where skid resistance and noise reduction are concerns.

关键词： road engineering pavement maintenance high friction thin overlay performance skid resistance tire/pavement noise

地方政府改革实践对中央精神的贯彻与创新——基于某市试点改革的个案考察

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上海行政学院学报 2017年第5期18卷 38-47页

作者：郑烨徐萌萌贾金晓西北工业大学，西安 710072 西安交通大学，西安 710049

地方政府改革浪潮席卷全球,但国内围绕地方政府试点改革与中央精神比较的研究尚不多见。借助内容分析法和网络分析法对十八届三中全会《决定》和J市《试点改革工作方案》进行深入比较,探索全面深化改革背景下地方政府试点改革是否领会... 详细信息

地方政府改革浪潮席卷全球,但国内围绕地方政府试点改革与中央精神比较的研究尚不多见。借助内容分析法和网络分析法对十八届三中全会《决定》和J市《试点改革工作方案》进行深入比较,探索全面深化改革背景下地方政府试点改革是否领会了中央精神以及央地改革的异同。结果表明,J市改革作为中央《决定》在地方的缩微版,各项举措反映中央精神的同时,也兼具自身特色。具体表现在:较之中央全面改革,J市改革主要集中在经济、政治和社会领域;"组合式创新"的做法兼顾了改革的均衡与协调;减少审批是促进其他改革持续进行的重要抓手;公众逐步成为地方改革的重要主体。这些改革特色为推动中国其他地方政府因地制宜地实施改革提供启示和方向。

关键词：地方政府试点改革政府职能转变十八届三中全会网络分析

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基于多元反馈评估的成人教师教学评价

高等继续教育学报 2016年第6期29卷 17-22页

作者：徐盟盟陕西师范大学远程教育学院西安710062

在当今知识经济的时代,成人教育作为提升人力资本的一种重要途径,其教学效果日益受到人们的关注。成人教师作为提高教学效果的关键,对成人教师的教学进行评价是成人教师修正教学行为的依据。多元反馈评估从多个评价主体的视角出发,基于... 详细信息

在当今知识经济的时代,成人教育作为提升人力资本的一种重要途径,其教学效果日益受到人们的关注。成人教师作为提高教学效果的关键,对成人教师的教学进行评价是成人教师修正教学行为的依据。多元反馈评估从多个评价主体的视角出发,基于多个评价维度,对成人教师的教学行为进行全方位的评价,用量化评估的数字结果和质性评估的文字表述共同呈现教师的教学效果,帮助成人教师知晓各评价主体的意见,反思自己教学的不足,进而改善自己的教学行为,提高教学效果。

关键词：多元反馈评估成人教师教学评价主体评价指标评价效果

Granting strength to aerogel fibers through encapsulation

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Science China Materials 2024年第4期67卷 1365-1366页

作者： Wenhui xu Department of Basic Chemistry School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchang 330004China

Aerogel fibers, distinguished by their lightweight nature, pronounced porosity, large surface area, and superior thermal insulation properties, have diversified applications in thermal management, energy devices, and environmental remediation[1]. However, compared with monolithic ones, these fibershaped aerogels exhibit limited mechanical strength and resilience due to their one-dimensional small size.

关键词： strength fibers thermal

Aldehyde oxidase mediated enantioselective metabolic health risk of dinotefuran

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 2079-2091页

作者： Liwei xu Xinxin xu Hua Kuang Chuanlai xu Xiaoling Wu State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China

Chiral pollutants often pose significant differential environmental health *** this study,the biotransformation of chiral dinotefuran(DIN)and its enantioselective metabolic toxicity mechanisms have been systemically ***,reversedphase chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry was developed to quantify the content of DIN R/S chiral enantiomer with pg level sensitivity,revealing a lower elimination rate constant(K_(e))of S-DIN(0.730 h^(-1))than R-DIN(0.746 h^(-1)).Secondly,the interaction mechanism between DIN metabolism and important endogenous bioactive molecules,such as aldehyde oxidase(AOX)and neurotransmitters,was *** DIN nitro-group was converted into a guanidine group by the reducing site of nearby flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD)in AOX with the preferred higher affinity of ***,the endogenous tryptophan(Trp)aldehyde metabolic intermediate,5-hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde(5-HIAL),provides a persistent electron donor for DIN reduction via the oxidation-catalyzed site in AOX,resulting in remarkable up-regulation of monoamine neurotransmitters such as serotonin and ***,the higher level of neurotransmitters further mediated dysregulation of oxylipin homeostasis via the serotonergic pathway,where S-DIN exhibited more pronounced liver lipid damage and environmental health risk with the accumulated lipid biomarkers,oxidized triglyceride(OxTG)and oxidized sphingomyelin(OxSM).This study elucidates the AOX-mediated enantioselectivity metabolic pathway of DIN,providing a new analytical method for chiral pollutants and paves the way for their health risk assessments.

关键词： neonicotinoid dinotefuran enantiomer aldehyde oxidase metabolomics health risk

地震作用下基坑复合土钉支护动力响应参数分析

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信阳师范学院学报（自然科学版） 2020年第2期33卷 333-338页

作者：张宗领徐萌萌信阳师范学院建筑与土木工程学院河南信阳464000

为了研究地震作用下土钉+水泥土搅拌桩复合土钉墙在不同支护参数下的动力响应,利用大型有限元软件ADINA,对某基坑土钉+水泥土搅拌桩复合土钉墙建立了局部三维有限元模型,研究了土钉倾角、土钉长度、土钉水平间距、搅拌桩嵌入深度对边坡... 详细信息

为了研究地震作用下土钉+水泥土搅拌桩复合土钉墙在不同支护参数下的动力响应,利用大型有限元软件ADINA,对某基坑土钉+水泥土搅拌桩复合土钉墙建立了局部三维有限元模型,研究了土钉倾角、土钉长度、土钉水平间距、搅拌桩嵌入深度对边坡的位移响应、加速度响应、轴力响应的影响.结果表明:地震作用下,开挖面的水平位移峰值、水平加速度峰值、土钉轴力峰值随土钉倾角的增大而增大,随土钉水平间距的增大而增大,随土钉长度的增加而减小;增大搅拌桩嵌入深度开挖面水平位移峰值减小,但水平加速度峰值、土钉轴力峰值的减小并不明显.

关键词：地震作用复合土钉支护局部三维有限元参数分析