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Relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to determination of wing morphs of the brown planthopper Nilaparvatalugens

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Insect Science 2023年第1期30卷 208-220页

作者： Chao Zhang meng-sha mao Xiang-Dong Liu Department of Entomology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina

Wing dimorphism is a fascinating feature of the ability of insects to adapt to environments.The brown planthopper(BPH)Nilaparvata lugens,a serious pest of rice,can switch between the long-and short-winged morphs.It has been known that environmental factors can affect the wing morph of BPH.However,it is still unclear whether the effect of environment is dependent on BPH genetic backgrounds or not.In the present study,we established the pure-bred lineages of short-and long-winged BPHs via multigenerational selection,and we found that survival and fecundity were similar between these 2 lineages.Wing morphs of the pure-bred lineages were almost fully dependent on genetics,but independent of the environmental factors,nymphal density and rice plant stage,2 key factors affecting BPH wing morphs.In the unselected BPH population,short-and longwinged morphs were produced depending on those 2 environmental factors,indicating the contribution of environment to wing morph.In the wing-selected lineages,4 developmental regulated genes of wing,NllnRI,NllnR2,NIAkt,and NIFoxo were expressed stably in the short-winged adults,but almost silenced in the long-winged adults.However,all these genes were expressed normally with a similar level in both the short-and long-winged adults in an unselected population except NlFoxo.The pure-bred lineages of long-and short-winged morphs exhibited different expression patterns of wing development-regulated genes,suggesting the genetic determination of wing morphs.Effects of environmental factors on wing morphs occurred only in the genetic mix population.

关键词： environmental effect gene expression genetic determination Nilaparvata lugens pure-bred lineage wing dimorphism

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Co-influence of the start of thermal growing season and precipitation on vegetation spring green-up on the Tibetan Plateau

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 327-337页

作者： Chen-Peng WANG meng-Tian HUANG Pan-mao ZHAI State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Institute of Global Change and Polar Meteorology Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The climate in the Tibetan Plateau(TP)has undergone significant change in recent decades,mainly in thermal and water conditions,which plays a crucial role in phenological changes in vegetation spring phenology.However,how the start of the thermal growing season(SOS-T)and the start of the rainy season(SORS)as key climatic factors affect vegetation green-up remains unclear.Given that these factors characterize thermal and water conditions required for vegetation green-up,this study investigated changes in the SOS-T and SORS from 1961 to 2022,using observation-based datasets with long time series.We found that the SOS-T and SORS have advanced across the TP in 1961-2022 and have shown a spatial pattern of advancement in the east and delay in the west in 2000-2022.Further,the co-effect of temperature and precipitation change on the start of vegetation growing season(SOS-V)in 2000-2022 was observed.Averaged across TP,the SOS-V had an early onset of 1.3 d per decade during 2000-2022,corresponding to advanced SOS-T and SORS.Regionally,the SOS-V generally occurred nearly at the same time as the SOS-T in the high-altitude meadow region.A substantial delay in the SOS-V relative to the SOS-T was observed in the desert,shrub,grassland and forest regions and generally kept pace with the SORS.Furthermore,for 50%of the vegetated regions on the TP,inter-annual variation in the delay in the SOS-V relative to the SOS-T was dominated by precipitation change,which was profound in warm-climate regions.This study highlights the co-regulation of precipitation and temperature change in the SOS-V in different vegetation cover regions in the TP,offering a scientific foundation for comprehending the impact of climate change and prospects for vegetation phenology on the TP.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Start of growing season Temperature Precipitation Climate change

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Clinical relevance of distolingual roots and periodontal status in mandibular first molars: a cross-sectional study employing CBCT analysis

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第3期25卷 244-253页

作者： Feifei mao meng WANG Shuai ZHOU Yan ZHAO Jiaping HUANG Fengying YIN Haiping YANG Pei-hui DING Stomatology Hospital School of StomatologyZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesKey Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang ProvinceCancer Center of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310016China

Objectives:Distolingual root of the permanent mandibular first molar(PMFM-DLR)has been frequently reported,which may complicate the treatment of periodontitis.This study aimed to assess the morphological features of PMFM-DLR and investigate the correlation between the morphological features of PMFM-DLR and periodontal status in patients with Eastern Chinese ethnic background.Materials and methods:A total of 836 cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)images with 1497 mandibular first molars were analyzed to observe the prevalence of PMFM-DLR at the patients and tooth levels in Eastern China.Among them,complete periodontal charts were available for 69 Chinese patients with 103 teeth.Correlation and regression analyses were used to evaluate the correlation between the morphological features of DLR,bone loss,and periodontal clinical parameters,including clinical attachment loss(CAL),probing pocket depth(PPD),gingival recession(GR),and furcation involvement(FI).Results:The patient-level prevalence and tooth-level prevalence of DLR in mandibular first molars were 29.4%and 26.3%,respectively.Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that bone loss at the lingual site and CAL were negatively affected by the angle of separation between distolingual and mesial roots in the transverse section,while they were significantly influenced by age and the angle of separation between distobuccal and mesial roots in the coronal section.Conclusions:The prevalence of PMFM-DLR in Eastern China was relatively high in our cohort.The morphological features of DLR were correlated with the periodontal status of mandibular first molars.This study provides critical information on the morphological features of DLR for improved diagnosis and treatment options of mandibular molars with DLR.

关键词： Distolingual root Mandibular first molar Periodontal clinical parameter Clinical attachment loss Cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)

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3D printing in space:from mechanical structures to living tissues

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第2期6卷 378-387页

作者： mao mao Zijie meng Xinxin Huang Hui Zhu Lei Wang Xiaoyong Tian Jiankang He Dichen Li Bingheng Lu State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China National Medical Products Administration(NMPA)Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Additive Manufacturing Medical Devices Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China National Innovation Platform(Center)for Industry-Education Integration of Medical Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China National Innovation Institute of Additive Manufacturing Xi’an 710000People’s Republic of China

3D printing stands at the forefront of transforming space exploration,offering unprecedented on-demand and rapid manufacturing capabilities.It adeptly addresses challenges such as mass reduction,intricate component fabrication,and resource constraints.Despite the obstacles posed by microgravity and extreme environments,continual advancements underscore the pivotal role of 3D printing in aerospace science.Beyond its primary function of producing space structures,3D printing contributes significantly to progress in electronics,biomedicine,and resource optimization.This perspective delves into the technological advantages,environmental challenges,development status,and opportunities of 3D printing in space.Envisioning its crucial impact,we anticipate that 3D printing will unlock innovative solutions,reshape manufacturing practices,and foster self-sufficiency in future space endeavors.

关键词： 3D printing in space space manufacturing microgravity

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Metal-free Optical Pressure Sensor with High Sensitivity and Extensive Range

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 1291-1300页

作者： mao Ji meng Huang Haomin Lyu Sheng Shi Bo Qi Chengrong Li State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China IEEE CSEE

Pressure monitoring of a transformer oil tank can grasp the pressure change process caused by gas production when severe internal defects occur and take timely measures to ensure the safe operation of the transformer.Existing pressure sensors generally use metal encapsulation or have an air cavity structure,threatening the transformer’s insulation if it is directly used inside the transformer.To this end,this paper proposes a method for developing a high-sensitivity,large-range,and metallizationfree optical pressure sensing device with temperature compensation.Fiber grating is encapsulated by fluorosilicone rubber and supplemented by an epoxy resin shielding shell on the outside.At the same time,a double-grating vertical arrangement is adopted to improve pressure measurement sensitivity,further avoiding the influence of temperature rise caused by a defect of the transformer on the measurement result of the sensor.In addition,by optimizing the geometric structure of the internal sensitizing element,pre-stretching length of the fiber grating,gap distance,and other parameters,probe size can be reduced while ensuring the sensor’s performance.Results show the proposed method can meet the requirements of sensor fabrication with different sensitivities and ranges,and to a certain extent,both high sensitivity and extensive ranges can be taken into account.The sensitivity of the fabricated prototype is 15 pm/kPa,and the range is about 0.2 MPa.At the same time,the metal-free feature of the sensor makes it suitable for use in various oil-immersed power equipment.It records oil pressure changes caused by oil discharge breakdown,making it sensitive to small pressure changes in early failures.

关键词： Highly sensitive extensive range optical sensing no metallization pressure perception temperature compensation transformer

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Biomimetic chitin hydrogel via chemical transformation

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 771-777页

作者： Rui-Rui Liu Qian-Qian Shi Yu-Feng meng Yong Zhou Li-Bo mao Shu-Hong Yu Division of Nanomaterials&Chemistry Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleDepartment of ChemistryInstitute of Biomimetic Materials&ChemistryAnhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China College&Hospital of Stomatology Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui ProvinceAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China Department of Dental Implantology College&Hospital of StomatologyAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China

Chitin hydrogel has been recognized as a promising material for various biomedical applications because of its biocompatibility and biodegradability.However,the fabrication of strong chitin hydrogel remains a big challenge because of the insolubility of chitin in many solvents and the reduced chain length of chitin regenerated from solutions.We herein introduce the fabrication of chitin hydrogel with biomimetic structure through the chemical transformation of chitosan,which is a water-soluble deacetylated derivative of chitin.The reacetylation of the amino group in chitosan endows the obtained chitin hydrogel with outstanding resistance to swelling,degradation,extreme temperature and pH conditions,and organic solvents.The chitin hydrogel has excellent mechanical properties while retaining a high water content(more than 95 wt.%).It also shows excellent antifouling performance that it resists the adhesion of proteins,bacteria,blood,and cells.Moreover,as the initial chitosan solution can be feasibly frozen and templated by ice crystals,the chitin hydrogel structure can be either nacre-like or wood-like depending on the freezing method of the precursory chitosan solution.Owing to these anisotropic structures,such chitin hydrogel can exhibit anisotropic mechanics and mass transfer capabilities.The current work provides a rational strategy to fabricate chitin hydrogels and paves the way for its practical applications as a superior biomedical material.

关键词： chitin hydrogel biomimetic structure chemical stability mechanical strength antifouling

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Pillar effect induced by ultrahigh phosphorous/nitrogen doping enables graphene/MXene film with excellent cycling stability for alkali metal ion storage

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 146-156,I0004页

作者： meng Qin Yiwei Yao Junjie mao Chi Chen Kai Zhu Guiling Wang Dianxue Cao Jun Yan Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology Ministry of EducationCollege of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001HeilongjiangChina Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials and Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsHaixi InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021FujianChina

Graphene's large theoretical surface area and high conductivity make it an attractive anode material for potassium-ion batteries(PIBs).However,its practical application is hindered by small interlayer distance and long ion transfer distance.Herein,this paper aims to address the issue by introducing MXene through a simple and scalable method for assembling graphene and realizing ultrahigh P doping content.The findings reveal that MXene and P-C bonds have a "pillar effect" on the structure of graphene,and the P-C bond plays a primary role.In addition,N/P co-doping introduces abundant defects,providing more active sites for K^(+) storage and facilitating K^(+) adsorption.As expected,the developed ultrahigh phosphorous/nitrogen co-doped flexible reduced graphene oxide/MXene(NPrGM) electrode exhibits remarkable reversible discharge capacity(554 mA hg^(-1) at 0.05 A g^(-1)),impressive rate capability(178 mA h g^(-1) at 2 A g^(-1)),and robust cyclic stability(0.0005% decay per cycle after 10,000 cycles at 2 A g^(-1)).Furthermore,the assembled activated carbon‖NPrGM potassium-ion hybrid capacitor(PIHC) can deliver an impressive energy density of 131 W h kg^(-1) and stable cycling performance with 98.1% capacitance retention after5000 cycles at 1 A g^(-1).Such a new strategy will effectively promote the practical application of graphene materials in PIBs/PIHCs and open new avenues for the scalable development of flexible films based on two-dimensional materials for potential applications in energy storage,thermal interface,and electromagnetic shielding.

关键词： Graphene MXene Phosphorous doping Pillar effect Potassium-ion batteries

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Structurally Flexible 2D Spacer for Suppressing the Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Non-Radiative Decay in Perovskite Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 325-340页

作者： Ruikun Cao Kexuan Sun Chang Liu Yuhong mao Wei Guo Ping Ouyang Yuanyuan meng Ruijia Tian Lisha Xie Xujie Lü Ziyi Ge Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211People’s Republic of China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049People’s Republic of China Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research(HPSTAR) Shanghai 201203People’s Republic of China

This study presents experimental evidence of the dependence of non-radiative recombination processes on the electron-phonon coupling of perovskite in perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Via A-site cation engineering,a weaker electron-phonon coupling in perovskite has been achieved by introducing the structurally soft cyclohexane methylamine(CMA^(+))cation,which could serve as a damper to alleviate the mechanical stress caused by lattice oscillations,compared to the rigid phenethyl methylamine(PEA^(+))analog.It demonstrates a significantly lower non-radiative recombination rate,even though the two types of bulky cations have similar chemical passivation effects on perovskite,which might be explained by the suppressed carrier capture process and improved lattice geometry relaxation.The resulting PSCs achieve an exceptional power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 25.5%with a record-high opencircuit voltage(V_(OC))of 1.20 V for narrow bandgap perovskite(FAPbI_(3)).The established correlations between electron-phonon coupling and non-radiative decay provide design and screening criteria for more effective passivators for highly efficient PSCs approaching the Shockley-Queisser limit.

关键词： Electron-phonon coupling A-site cation engineering Non-radiative recombination

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In-situ coupling construction of interface bridge to enhance electrochemical stability of all solid-state lithium metal batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 18-26,I0003页

作者： Qianwei Zhang Rong Yang Chao Li Lei mao Bohai Wang meng Luo Yinglin Yan Yiming Zou Lisheng Zhong Yunhua Xu International Research Center for Composite and Intelligent Manufacturing Technology Institute of Chemical Power SourcesXi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048ShaanxiChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048ShaanxiChina School of Electrical Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048ShaanxiChina Yulin University Yulin 719000ShaanxiChina

Polymer-based composite electrolytes composed of three-dimensional Li_(6.4)La_(3)Zr_(2)Al_(0.2)O_(12)(3D-LLZAO)have attracted increasing attention due to their continuous ion conduction and satisfactory mechanical properties.However,the organic/inorganic interface is incompatible,resulting in slow lithium-ion transport at the interface.Therefore,the compatibility of organic/inorganic interface is an urgent problem to be solved.Inspired by the concept of“gecko eaves”,polymer-based composite solid electrolytes with dense interface structures were designed.The bridging of organic/inorganic interfaces was established by introducing silane coupling agent(3-chloropropyl)trimethoxysilane(CTMS)into the PEO-3D-LLZAO(PL)electrolyte.The in-situ coupling reaction improves the interface affinity,strengthens the organic/inorganic interaction,reduces the interface resistance,and thus achieves an efficient interface ion transport network.The prepared PEO-3D-LLZAO-CTMS(PLC)electrolyte exhibits enhanced ionic conductivity of 6.04×10^(-4)S cm^(-1)and high ion migration number(0.61)at 60℃and broadens the electrochemical window(5.1 V).At the same time,the PLC electrolyte has good thermal stability and high mechanical properties.Moreover,the Li Fe PO_(4)|PLC|Li battery has excellent rate performance and cycling stability with a capacity decay rate of 2.2%after 100 cycles at 60℃and 0.1 C.These advantages of PLC membranes indicate that this design approach is indeed practical,and the in-situ coupling method provides a new approach to address interface compatibility issues.

关键词： Organic/inorganic interphase Coupling effect Composite electrolyte Interface compatibility

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Method for rapid warning and activity concentration estimates in online waterγ-spectrometry systems

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 1-12页

作者： meng Wang Yi Gu mao-Lin Xiong Liang-Quan Ge Qing-Xian Zhang Guo-Qiang Zeng Heng Lu Sheng-Liang Guo College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province (Chengdu University of Technology)Chengdu 610059China Chengdu New Ray Technology Co.Ltd Chengdu 610052China

Onlineγ-spectrometry systems for inland waters,most of which extract samples in situ and in real time,are able to produce reliable activity concentration measurements for waterborne radionuclides only when they are distributed relatively uniformly and enter into a steady-state diffusion regime in the measurement chamber.To protect residents’health and ensure the safety of the living environment,better timeliness is required for this measurement method.To address this issue,this study established a mathematical model of the online waterγ-spectrometry system so that rapid warning and activity estimates can be obtained for water under non-steady-state(NSS)conditions.In addition,the detection efficiency of the detector for radionuclides during the NSS diffusion process was determined by applying the computational fluid dynamics technique in conjunction with Monte Carlo simulations.On this basis,a method was developed that allowed the online waterγ-spectrometry system to provide rapid warning and activity concentration estimates for radionuclides in water.Subsequent analysis of the NSS-mode measurements of^(40)K radioactive solutions with different activity concentrations determined the optimum warning threshold and measurement time for producing accurate activity concentration estimates for radionuclides.The experimental results show that the proposed NSS measurement method is able to give warning and yield accurate activity concentration estimates for radionuclides 55.42 and 69.42 min after the entry of a 10 Bq/L^(40)K radioactive solution into the measurement chamber,respectively.These times are much shorter than the 90 min required by the conventional measurement method.Furthermore,the NSS measurement method allows the measurement system to give rapid(within approximately 15 min)warning when the activity concentrations of some radionuclides reach their respective limits stipulated in the Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality of the WHO,suggesting that this method considerably enhances the warning capacity of in si

关键词： Water radioactivity monitoring Dynamic detection efficiency Rapid warning Activity estimation

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