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New indices to balanceα-diversity against tree size inequality

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 229-237页

作者： Li Zhang Brady K.Quinn Cang Hui meng Lian Johan Gielis jie Gao Peijian Shi College of Ecology and Environment Bamboo Research InstituteNanjing Forestry University159 Longpan RoadNanjing 210037People’s Republic of China Fisheries and Oceans Canada Andrews Biological Station125 Marine Science DriveSt.AndrewsNB E5B 0E4Canada Department of Mathematical Sciences Centre for Invasion BiologyStellenbosch UniversityMatieland 7602South Africa Mathematical and Physical Biosciences African Institute for Mathematical SciencesCape Town 7945South Africa Department of Biosciences Engineering University of AntwerpB-2020 AntwerpBelgium College of Life Science Xinjiang Normal University102 Xinyi RoadUrumqi 830054People’s Republic of China

The number and composition of species in a community can be quantified withα-diversity indices,including species richness(R),Simpson’s index(D),and the Shannon-Wiener index(H΄).In forest communities,there are large variations in tree size among species and individu-als of the same species,which result in differences in eco-logical processes and ecosystem ***,tree size inequality(TSI)has been largely neglected in studies using the available diversity *** TSI in the diameter at breast height(DBH)data for each of 99920 m×20 m forest census quadrats was quantified using the Gini index(GI),a measure of the inequality of size *** generalized performance equation was used to describe the rotated and right-shifted Lorenz curve of the cumulative proportion of DBH and the cumulative proportion of number of trees per *** also examined the relationships ofα-diversity indices with the GI using correlation *** generalized performance equation effectively described the rotated and right-shifted Lorenz curve of DBH distributions,with most root-mean-square errors(990 out of 999 quadrats)being<*** were significant positive correlations between each of threeα-diversity indices(i.e.,R,D,and H’)and the ***,the total abundance of trees in each quadrat did not significantly influence the *** means that the TSI increased with increasing spe-cies ***,two new indices are proposed that can balanceα-diversity against the extent of TSI in the com-munity:(1−GI)×D,and(1−GI)×H’.These new indices were significantly correlated with the original D and H΄,and did not increase the extent of variation within each group of *** study presents a useful tool for quantifying both species diversity and the variation in tree sizes in forest communities,especially in the face of cumulative species loss under global climate change.

关键词： Diameter at breast height(DBH) Gini index Shannon-Wiener index Simpson’s index Quadrat Tree size

Calcium-based polymers for suppression of soil acidification by improving acid-buffering capacity and inhibiting nitrification

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 138-149页

作者： Fei Kang Yunshan meng Yanning Ge Yun Zhang Haixiang Gao Xueqin Ren jie Wang Shuwen Hu Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Applied Chemistry China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Soil acidification is a major threat to agricultural sustainability in tropical and subtropical *** and environmentally friendly materials,such as calcium lignosulfonate(CaLS),calcium poly(aspartic acid)(PASP-Ca),and calcium polyγ-glutamic acid(γ-PGA-Ca),are known to effectively ameliorate soil ***,their effectiveness in inhibiting soil acidification has not been *** study aimed to evaluate the effect of CaLS,PASP-Ca,andγ-PGA-Ca on the resistance of soil toward acidification as directly and indirectly(i.e.,via nitrification)caused by the application of HNO_(3)and urea,*** comparison,Ca(OH)_(2)and lignin were used as the inorganic and organic controls,*** the materials,γ-PGA-Ca drove the substantial improvements in the pH buffering capacity(pHBC)of the soil and exhibited the greatest potential in inhibiting HNO_(3)-induced soil acidification via protonation of carboxyl,complexing with Al~(3+),and cation exchange *** acidification induced by urea,CaLS was the optimal one in inhibiting acidification and increasing exchangeable acidity during ***,the sharp reduction in the population sizes of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)and ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA)confirmed the inhibition of nitrification via CaLS ***,compared to improving soil pHBC,CaLS may play a more important role in suppressing indirect ***,γ-PGA-Ca was superior to PASP-Ca and CaLS in enhancing the soil pHBC and the its resistance to acidification induced by HNO_(3) addition,whereas CaLS was the best at suppressing urea-driven soil acidification by inhibiting *** conclusion,these results provide a reference for inhibiting soil re-acidification in intensive agricultural systems.

关键词： Calcium-based polymer Soil acidification pH buffering capacity Nitrification inhibition

A comprehensive analysis of DAC-SDC FPGA low power object detection challenge

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 300-320页

作者： Jingwei ZHANG Guoqing LI meng ZHANG Xinye cao Yu ZHANG Xiang LI Ziyang CHEN Jun YANG School of Electronics Science and Engineering Southeast University

The lower power object detection challenge(LPODC) at the IEEE/ACM Design Automation Conference is a premier contest in low-power object detection and algorithm(software)-hardware co-design for edge artificial intelligence, which has been a success in the past five years. LPODC focused on designing and implementing novel algorithms on the edge platform for object detection in images taken from unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs), which attracted hundreds of teams from dozens of countries to participate. Our team SEUer has been participating in this competition for three consecutive years from 2020 to 2022 and obtained sixth place respectively in 2020 and 2021. Recently, we achieved the championship in 2022. In this paper, we presented the LPODC for UAV object detection from 2018 to 2022, including the dataset, hardware platform,and evaluation method. In addition, we also introduced and discussed the details of methods proposed by each year's top three teams from 2018 to 2022 in terms of network, accuracy, quantization method, hardware performance, and total score. Additionally, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the selected entries and results, along with summarizing representative methodologies. This analysis serves as a valuable practical resource for researchers and engineers in deploying the UAV application on edge platforms and enhancing its feasibility and reliability. According to the analysis and discussion, it becomes evident that the adoption of a hardware-algorithm co-design approach is paramount in the context of tiny machine learning(TinyML).This approach surpasses the mere optimization of software and hardware as separate entities, proving to be essential for achieving optimal performance and efficiency in TinyML applications.

关键词： tiny machine learning object detection convolutional neural networks algorithm-hardware co-design low power field programmable gate array

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Identifying the risk factors for pancreatic fistula after laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients with pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1609-1617页

作者： Hang Xu Qing-Cai meng jie Hua Wei Wang Department of Pancreatic Surgery Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai 200032China Department of Oncology Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy(LPD)is a surgical procedure for treating pancreatic cancer;however,the risk of complications remains high owing to the wide range of organs involved during the surgery and the difficulty of *** fistula(PF)is a major complication that not only increases the risk of postoperative infection and abdominal hemorrhage but may also cause multi-organ failure,which is a serious threat to the patient’s *** study hypothesized the risk factors for PF after *** To identify the risk factors for PF after laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy in patients with pancreatic *** We retrospectively analyzed the data of 201 patients admitted to the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center between August 2022 and August 2023 who underwent LPD for pancreatic *** the basis of the PF’s incidence(grades B and C),patients were categorized into the PF(n=15)and non-PF groups(n=186).Differences in general data,preoperative laboratory indicators,and surgery-related factors between the two groups were compared and analyzed using multifactorial logistic regression and receiver-operating characteristic(ROC)curve *** The proportions of males,combined hypertension,soft pancreatic texture,and pancreatic duct diameter≤3 mm;surgery time;body mass index(BMI);and amylase(Am)level in the drainage fluid on the first postoperative day(Am>1069 U/L)were greater in the PF group than in the non-PF group(P24.91 kg/m²[odds ratio(OR)=13.978,95%confidence interval(CI):1.886-103.581],hypertension(OR=8.484,95%CI:1.22-58.994),soft pancreatic texture(OR=42.015,95%CI:5.698-309.782),and operation time>414 min(OR=15.41,95%CI:1.63-145.674)were risk factors for the development of PF after LPD for pancreatic cancer(all P<0.05).The areas under the ROC curve for BMI,

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Laparoscopy Pancreaticoduodenectomy Pancreatic fistula Risk factors Receiver-operating characteristic curve

MFCC based real-time speech reproduction and recognition using distributed acoustic sensing technology

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年第4期20卷 222-227页

作者： ZHOU Ran ZHAO Shuai LUO Mingming meng Xin MA jie LIU Jianfei School of Electronic Information Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Electronic Materials and Devices Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China

The distributed acoustic sensing technology was used for real-time speech reproduction and recognition,in which the voiceprint can be extracted by the Mel frequency cepstral coefficient(MFCC)method.A classic ancient Chinese poem“You Zi Yin”,also called“A Traveler’s Song”,was analyzed both in time and frequency domains,where its real-time reproduction was achieved with a 116.91 ms time *** smaller scaled MFCC0 at 1/12 of MFCC matrix was taken as a feature vector of each line against the ambient noise,which provides a recognition method via cross-correlation among the 6 original and recovered verse *** averaged cross-correlation coefficient of the matching pairs is calculated to be 0.5806 higher than 0.1883 of the nonmatched pairs,promising an accurate and fast method for real-time speech reproduction and recognition over a passive optical fiber.

关键词： MFCC passive coefficient

Molecular Ferroelastic Induced by Mono-/Double-Protonation Strategy

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第15期42卷 1706-1712页

作者： Jia-Qi Luo meng-meng Lun Qiang-Qiang Jia Zhi-jie Wang Hai-Feng Lu Yi Zhang Da-Wei Fu Institute for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis MaterialsZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiang 321004China Ordered Matter Science Research Center Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular FerroelectricsSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211189China

Molecular ferroelastics with the natural features of mechanical flexibility and switchable spontaneous strain have attracted widespread attention in the scientific community due to their potential applications in tunable gratings,flexible memorizers,strain sensors,and intelligent ***,most designs of molecular ferroelastics remain in the stage of blind exploration,posing a challenge to achieve a functional ferroelastic more ***,we have successfully obtained a molecular ferroelastic,[Me_(2)NH(CH_(2))_(2)NH_(3)](ReO_(4))_(2)(Me_(2)NH(CH_(2))_(2)NH_(3)=N,N-dimethylethylenediammonium),under the guidance of the mono-/double-protonation ***_double-protonated[Me_(2)NH(CH_(2))_(2)NH_(3)](ReO_(4))_(2) undergoes a paraelastic-ferroelastic phase transition with the Aizu notation of 2/mFi at 322 ***,the theoretical calculation and experimental measurement simultaneously show that[Me_(2)NH(CH_(2))_(2)NH_(3)](ReO_(4))_(2) possesses good mechanical flexibility,because its elastic modulus(E)of 8.26 GPa and hardness(H)of 0.45 GPa are smaller than the average values of organic crystals(E of 12.05 GPa and H of 0.5 GPa),which makes it promising to apply in wearable pressure sensors,implantable medical sensors,high-precision tuners,*** work further enriches the molecular ferroelastic family and demonstrates that mono-/double-protonation is one of the effective molecular modification strategies for designing ferroelastics.

关键词： Molecular crystal Ferroelastic Mono-/double-protonation Mechanical flexibility Phase transition Crystal engineering Computational chemistry Molecular dynamics

Reduction behavior of iron ore powder by high-volatile coal in thermogravimetric-gas chromatographic and kinetic analysis

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第1期31卷 92-107页

作者： Rui-meng Shi Qi-yuan Mi Bin Li Xiao Shi Chong Zou Jing Guo Han-jie Guo School of Metallurgical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an710055ShaanxiChina China International Engineering Consulting Corporation Beijing100048China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

The reduction behavior of iron ore powder by high-volatile coal was investigated,and its kinetic mechanism was *** effect of volatiles in coal on the reduction reaction of iron ore was compared by utilizing a Xinjiang lignite with a high volatile content and its pyrolysis carbon produced by high-temperature pyrolysis to remove volatiles,serving as a *** mass loss and gas composition of the samples during the reduction process were detected using thermo-gravimetric analysis and gas chromatography,and the morphological changes of iron ore powder were observed through scanning electron *** kinetic parameters of the iron oxide reduction reaction were calculated by the Flynn-Ozawa-Wall method,and the kinetic mechanism of volatile participation in the iron oxide reduction reaction was determined through the Coats-Redfern *** results indicate that the coupling effect between the high-volatile coal pyrolysis and reduction reactions occurs during the second stage of the entire coupling process,which corresponds to the late stage of coal pyrolysis with a substantial release of H_(2)and *** volatiles in coal actively participated in the reduction reaction,reducing the initiation temperature of the reaction by around 200℃.The reduction of iron oxides by high-volatile coal was jointly promoted by the"hydrogen cycle"and"carbon cycle",resulting in a higher reduction extent and metallization rate at the end of the *** high-volatile coal was used as the reductant,the average activation energy for the entire process was 76.5 kJ/mol,a significant decrease compared to the employment of pyrolysis carbon without volatiles as the reductant(1167 kJ/mol).

关键词： Direct reduction High-volatile coal Volatile Kinetics Reduction mechanism

Single-cell RNA-seq reveals the transcriptional program underlying tumor progression and metastasis in neuroblastoma

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第4期18卷 690-707页

作者： Zhe Nian Dan Wang Hao Wang Wenxu Liu Zhenyi Ma jie Yan Yanna cao jie Li Qiang Zhao Zhe Liu Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics Department of Cell BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou311121China Department of Pediatric Oncology Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China

Neuroblastoma(NB)is one of the most common childhood *** percent of patients present with widely disseminated clinical signs at diagnosis and exhibit poor ***,the molecular mechanisms triggering NB metastasis remain largely *** this study,we generated a transcriptomic atlas of 15447 NB cells from eight NB samples,including paired samples of primary tumors and bone marrow *** used time-resolved analysis to chart the evolutionary trajectory of NB cells from the primary tumor to the metastases in the same patient and identified a common‘starter’subpopulation that initiates tumor development and ***‘starter’population exhibited high expression levels of multiple cell cycle-related genes,indicating the important role of cell cycle upregulation in NB tumor *** addition,our evolutionary trajectory analysis demonstrated the involvement of partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(p-EMT)along the metastatic route from the primary site to the bone *** study provides insights into the program driving NB metastasis and presents a signature of metastasis-initiating cells as an independent prognostic indicator and potential therapeutic target to inhibit the initiation of NB metastasis.

关键词： single-cell RNA sequencing metastasis neuroblastoma epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition

Subsurface multi-physical characterization of mountain excavation and city construction in loess plateau with a fiber-optic sensing system

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第8期16卷 2935-2946页

作者： jie Liu Bin Shi Kai Gu meng-Ya Sun Jun-Cheng Yao He-Ming Han School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210023China Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling Nanjing UniversityNanjing210023China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China

Mountain excavation and city construction(MECC)projects being launched in the Loess Plateau in China involve the creation of large-scale artificial *** the subsurface evolution characteristics of the artificial land is essential,yet ***,we use an improved fiber-optic monitoring system for its subsurface multi-physical *** system enables us to gather spatiotemporal distribution of various parameters,including strata deformation,temperature,and ***’an New District was selected as a case study to conduct refined in-situ monitoring through a 77 m-deep borehole and a 30 m-long *** reveal that the ground settlement involves both the deformation of the filling loess and the underlying intact ***,the filling loess exhibits a stronger creep capability compared to underlying intact *** deformation along the profile is unevenly distributed,with a positive correlation with soil *** accumulation has been observed at the interface between the filling loess and the underlying intact loess,leading to a significant ***,the temperature and moisture in the filling loess have reached a new equilibrium state,with their depths influenced by atmospheric conditions measuring at 31 m and 26 m,*** refined investigation allows us to identify critical layers that matter the sustainable development of newly created urban areas,and provide improved insights into the evolution mechanisms of land creation.

关键词： Mountain excavation and city construction Fiber-optic monitoring Multi-physical characterization Compacted loess