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A Framework for Driver DrowsinessMonitoring Using a Convolutional Neural Network and the Internet of Things

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2024年第2期39卷 157-174页

作者： Muhamad Irsan Rosilah Hassan Anwar Hassan Ibrahim Mohamad Khatim Hasan meng chun lam Wan Mohd Hirwani Wan Hussain School of Computing Telkom UniversityBandung40257Indonesia Faculty of Information Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi43600Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringQassim UniversityAl-Gassim51411Saudi Arabia Graduated School of Business Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi43600Malaysia

One of the major causes of road accidents is sleepy *** accidents typically result in fatalities and financial losses and disadvantage other road *** studies have been conducted to identify the driver’s sleepiness and integrate it into a warning *** studies have examined how the mouth and eyelids ***,this limits the system’s ability to identify drowsiness ***,this study designed an Accident Detection Framework(RPK)that could be used to reduce road accidents due to sleepiness and detect the location of *** drowsiness detectionmodel used three facial parameters:Yawning,closed eyes(blinking),and an upright head *** model used a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)consisting of two *** initial phase involves video processing and facial landmark coordinate *** second phase involves developing the extraction of frame-based features using normalization *** these phases used OpenCV and *** dataset contained 5017 images with 874 open eyes images,850 closed eyes images,723 open-mouth images,725 closed-mouth images,761 sleepy-head images,and 1084 non-sleepy head *** dataset of 5017 images was divided into the training set with 4505 images and the testing set with 512 images,with a ratio of 90:*** results showed that the RPK design could detect sleepiness by using deep learning techniques with high accuracy on all three parameters;namely 98%for eye blinking,96%for mouth yawning,and 97%for head ***,the test results have provided an overview of how the developed RPK prototype can accurately identify drowsy *** findings will have a significant impact on the improvement of road users’safety and mobility.

关键词： Drowsy drivers convolutional neural network openCV microprocessor face detection

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Prostate health index can stratify patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions on magnetic resonance imaging to reduce prostate biopsies

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 20-24页

作者： John Shung-Lai Leung Wai-Kit Ma Brian Sze-Ho Ho Stacia Tsun-Tsun chun Rong Na Yongle Zhan Chi-Yuen Ng Chi-Ho Ip Ada Tsui-Lin Ng Yiu-chung lam Division of Urology Department of SurgeryQueen Mary HospitalUniversity of Hong KongHong KongChina Division of Urology Department of SurgeryPrincess Margaret HospitalHongKongChina

We aim to evaluate prostate health index as an additional risk-stratification tool in patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions on multiparametric magnetic resonance *** with biochemical or clinical suspicion of having prostate cancer who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in two tertiary centers(Queen Mary Hospital and Princess Margaret Hospital,Hong Kong,China)between January 2017 and June 2022 were ***-magnetic resonance imaging fusion biopsies were performed after prostate health index *** who only had Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions were further stratified into four prostate health index risk groups and the cancer detection rates were *** of the 747 patients,47.3%had Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions *** detection rate of clinically significant prostate cancer in this group was 15.0%.The cancer detection rates of clinically significant prostate cancer had statistically significant differences:5.3%in prostate health index<25.0,7.4%in prostate health index 25.0-34.9,17.9%in prostate health index 35.0-54.9,and 52.6%in prostate health index≥55.0(P<0.01).Among the patients,26.9%could have avoided a biopsy with a prostate health index<25.0,at the expense of a 5.3%risk of missing clinically significant prostate *** health index could be used as an additional risk stratification tool for patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 *** could be avoided in patients with low prostate health index,with a small risk of missing clinically significant prostate cancer.

关键词： biopsy fusion biopsy magnetic resonance imaging prostate cancer prostate health index

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A prospective cohort of men with localized prostate cancer on active surveillance protocol in Hong Kong,China:what did we learn?

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 245-249页

作者： Xiaobo Wu Ivan Ching-Ho Ko Cindy Yeuk-lam Hong Samuel Chi-Hang Yee Jeremy Yuen-chun Teoh Samson Yun-Sang Chan Ho-Man Tam Chi-Kwok Chan Chi-Fai Ng Peter Ka-Fung Chiu SH Ho Urology Centre Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

This study aimed to report the outcomes of active surveillance(AS)in the management of low-risk prostate cancer(PCa).It recruited87 men who were prospectively followed up according to the Prostate Cancer Research International Active Surveillance(PRIAS)protocol with local adaptation at SH Ho Urology Centre,Prince of Wales Hospital,Hong Kong,*** investigated the predictorsof disease progression and found that baseline prostate-specific antigen density(PSAD)and the presence of the highest ProstateImaging-Reporting and Data System(PI-RADS)score 5 lesion on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)are significantly correlatedwith disease ***,men with PSAD>0.2 ng ml^(−2)or PI-RADS 4 or 5 lesions had significantly worse upgradingfree survival compared to those with PSAD≤0.2 ng ml−2 and PI-RADS 2 or 3 *** study concludes that AS is a safe andeffective management strategy for selected patients to defer radical treatment and that most disease progression can be detectedafter the first repeated *** combination of PSAD>0.2 ng ml^(−2)and PI-RADS 4 or 5 lesions may serve as a useful predictorof early disease progression and provide a guide to optimize follow-up protocols for men in different risk groups.

关键词： active surveillance cohort localized prostate cancer

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Genomics-driven derivatization of the bioactive fungal sesterterpenoid variecolin:Creation of an unnatural analogue with improved anticancer properties

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 421-432页

作者： Dexiu Yan Jemma Arakelyan Teng Wan Ritvik Raina Tsz Ki Chan Dohyun Ahn Vladimir Kushnarev Tsz Kiu Cheung Ho Ching Chan Inseo Choi Pui Yi Ho Feijun Hu Yujeong Kim Hill lam Lau Ying Lo Law Chi Seng Leung chun Yin Tong Kai Kap Wong Wing lam Yim Nikolay S.Karnaukhov Richard Y.C.Kong Maria V.Babak Yudai Matsuda Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina iGEM Team“VarieCure” City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Moscow Clinical Research Center Named After A.S.Loginov Moscow 111123Russian Federation

A biosynthetic gene cluster for the bioactive fungal sesterterpenoids variecolin(1)and variecolactone(2)was identified in Aspergillus aculeatus ATCC *** production of 1 and 2 was achieved in Aspergillus oryzae by expressing the sesterterpene synthase VrcA and the cytochrome P450 ***,the replacement of VrcB with homologous P450s from other fungal terpenoid pathways yielded three new variecolin analogues(5-7).Analysis of the compounds’anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo revealed that although 5 and 1 had comparable activities,5 was associated with significantly reduced toxic side effects in cancer-bearing mice,indicating its potentially broader therapeutic *** study describes the first tests of variecolin and its analogues in animals and demonstrates the utility of synthetic biology for creating molecules with improved biological activities.

关键词： Animal studies Anticancer properties Biosynthesis Natural products Sesterterpenoids Synthetic biology Terpene synthases Variecolin

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Superior antibody and membrane protein‑specific T‑cell responses to CoronaVac by intradermal versus intramuscular routes in adolescents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime S.Rosa Duque Samuel M.S.Cheng Carolyn A.Cohen Daniel Leung Xiwei Wang Xiaofeng Mu Yuet chung Tsun Ming Lau Manni Wang Wenyue Zhang Yanmei Zhang Howard H.W.Wong Leo C.H.Tsang Sara Chaothai Tsz chun Kwan John K.C.Li Karl C.K.Chan Leo L.H.Luk Jenson C.H.Ho Wing Yan Li Amos M.T.Lee Jennifer H.Y.lam Sau Man Chan Wilfred H.S.Wong Issan Y.S.Tam Masashi Mori Sophie A.Valkenburg Malik Peiris Wenwei Tu Yu Lung Lau Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina HKU‑Pasteur Research Pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Center for Immunology and Infection C2i Hong KongChina

Background Optimising the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines to improve their protection against disease is *** dosing by intradermal(ID)administration has been shown to be equally immunogenic as intramuscular(IM)administration for several vaccines,but the immunogenicity of ID inactivated whole severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)at the full dose is *** study(NCT04800133)investigated the superiority of antibody and T-cell responses of full-dose CoronaVac by ID over IM administration in *** Participants aged 11–17 years received two doses of IM or ID vaccine,followed by the 3rd dose 13–42 days *** and cellular immunogenicity outcomes were measured post-dose 2(IM-CC versus ID-CC)and post-dose 3(IMCCC versus ID-CCC).Doses 2 and 3 were administered to 173 and 104 adolescents,*** Spike protein(S)immunoglobulin G(IgG),S-receptor-binding domain(RBD)IgG,S IgG Fcγreceptor IIIa(FcγRIIIa)-binding,SNM[sum of individual(S),nucleocapsid protein(N),and membrane protein(M)peptide pool]-specific interleukin-2(IL-2)+CD4^(+),SNM-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),S-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)and M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+)responses fulfilled the superior and non-inferior criteria for ID-CC compared to IM-CC,whereas IgG avidity was *** ID-CCC,S-RBD IgG,surrogate virus neutralisation test,90%plaque reduction neutralisation titre(PRNT90),PRNT50,S IgG avidity,S IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),interferon-γ+CD8^(+)and IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)responses were superior and non-inferior to *** estimated vaccine efficacies were 49%,52%,66%and 79%for IM-CC,ID-CC,IM-CCC and ID-CCC,*** ID groups reported more local,mild adverse *** This is the first study to demonstrate superior antibody and M-specific T-cell responses by ID inactivated SARSCoV-2 vaccination and serves as the basis for future research to improve the

关键词： CoronaVac Coronavirus disease 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vaccine

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Novel insights into the role of anti-inflammatory IL-38 in immunity against infection

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第11期19卷 1322-1324页

作者： Xun Gao Guoqiu Wu Miranda Sin-Man Tsang Danqi Huang Christopher Wai-Kei lam chun Kwok Wong Department of Chemical Pathology The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Zhongda HospitalSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Faculty of Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacaoChina Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R and D Centre for Chinese Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Since the identification and cloning of interleukin(IL)-38 in 2001,a plethora of studies have focused on its essential roles as a novel IL-1 family cytokine in both innate and acquired *** on the shared traits with IL-36 receptor antagonist(IL-36Ra)and IL-1 receptor antagonist(IL-1Ra),IL-38 constitutes one of the most important anti-inflammatory cytokines within the IL-36 subfamily and thus elicits its antagonistic effects through binding to IL-36 receptor(IL-36R)and to IL-R1 with a relatively low affinity[1,2].IL-38 has been proven to bind to X-linked interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein-like 1(IL1RAPL1)[1],and IL1RAPL1 therefore serves as a novel receptor of IL-38.

关键词： immunity antagonist insight

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Examining patterns of traditional chinese medicine use in pediatric oncology: A systematic review, meta-analysis and data-mining study

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第5期20卷 402-415页

作者： chun Sing lam Li Wen Peng Lok Sum Yang Ho Wing Janessa Chou Chi-Kong Li Zhong Zuo Ho-Kee Koon Yin Ting Cheung School of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicinethe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Medicinethe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence the Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Paediatrics&Adolescent Medicine Hong Kong Children’s HospitalHong KongChina School of Chinese Medicine Faculty of Medicinethe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Background Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is becoming a popular complementary approach in pediatric ***,few or no meta-analyses have focused on clinical studies of the use of TCM in pediatric *** We explored the patterns of TCM use and its efficacy in children with cancer,using a systematic review,meta-analysis and data mining *** strategy We conducted a search of five English(Allied and Complementary Medicine Database,Embase,PubMed,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,and ***)and four Chinese databases(Wanfang Data,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,and VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals Database)for clinical studies published before October 2021,using keywords related to“pediatric,”“cancer,”and“TCM.”Inclusion criteria We included studies which were randomized controlled trials(RCTs)or observational clinical studies,focused on patients aged<19 years old who had been diagnosed with cancer,and included at least one group of subjects receiving TCM *** extraction and analysis The methodological quality of RCTs and observational studies was assessed using the six-item Jadad scale and the Effective Public Healthcare Panacea Project Quality Assessment Tool,***-analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of combining TCM with *** outcomes included the treatment response rate and occurrence of cancer-related *** rule mining(ARM)was used to investigate the associations among medicinal herbs and patient *** The fifty-four studies included in this analysis were comprised of RCTs(63.0%)and observational studies(37.0%).Most RCTs focused on hematological malignancies(41.2%).The study outcomes included chemotherapy-induced toxicities(76.5%),infection rate(35.3%),and response,survival or relapse rate(23.5%).The methodological quality of most of the RCTs(82.4%)and observational studies(80.0%)was r

关键词： Traditional Chinese Medicine Herbal medicine Pediatric oncology Data mining Associate rule mining Chemotherapy

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Chemoprevention of gastric cancer: current status

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Chinese Medical Journal 2003年第1期116卷 5-10页

作者： Harry Hua-Xiang Xia Benjamin chun-Yu Wong Shiu-Kum lam Department of Medicine Department of MedicineDepartment of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital Hong Kong SAR ChinaThe University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital Hong Kong SAR ChinaThe University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital Hong Kong SAR China

The development of gastric cancer is a multi-factor process. In addition to genetic factors, environmental factors including smoking, low gastric acidity, excessive intake of salt or salty food and low consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables all contribute to the development of gastric cancer. Of particular interest, epidemiological and experimental studies have demonstrated that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is causally linked to gastric cancer. Most studies using micronutrient supplementation have failed to demonstrate any preventive effect against the development of gastric cancer. The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs has been consistently observed to protect against the development of gastric cancer. Recently, eradication of H. pylori infection by a chemopreventative approach is being studied in a number of trials. Studies using precancerous lesions as an end point of the treatment have produced conflicting and mostly negative results. Trials using cancer as an end point are being cautiously carried out in high-risk populations, and will provide the definitive answer to this important question. In the end, vaccination may be proven to be the optimal strategy in human for the management of H. pylori infection and prevention of gastric cancer.

关键词： chemoprevention gastric cancer Helicobacter pylori

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Intracellular signaling mechanisms regulating the activation of human eosinophils by the novel Th2 cytokine IL-33:implications for allergic inflammation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2010年第1期7卷 26-34页

作者： Joyce YS Chow chun K Wong Phyllis FY Cheung Christopher WK lam Department of Chemical Pathology The Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalShatinNTHong KongChina Macao Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health Macao University of Science and Technology FoundationMacaoChina

The novel interleukin(IL)-1 family cytokine IL-33 has been shown to activate T helper 2(Th2)lymphocytes,mast cells and basophils to produce an array of proinflammatory cytokines,as well as to mediate blood eosinophilia,IgE secretion and hypertrophy of airway epithelium in *** the present study,we characterized the activation of human eosinophils by IL-33,and investigated the underlying intracellular signaling ***-33 markedly enhanced eosinophil survival and upregulated cell surface expression of the adhesion molecule intercellular adhesion molecule(ICAM)-1 on eosinophils,but it suppressed that of ICAM-3 and *** addition,IL-33 mediates significant release of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 and the chemokines CXCL8 and *** found that IL33-mediated enhancement of survival,induction of adhesion molecules,and release of cytokines and chemokines were differentially regulated by activation of the nuclear factor(NF)-KB,p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)***,we compared the above IL-33 activities with two structurally and functionally related cytokines,IL-1 B and ***-1β,but not IL-18,markedly upregulated cell surface expression of ***-1βand IL-18 also significantly enhanced eosinophil survival,and induced the release of IL-6 and chemokines CXCL8 and CCL2 via the activation of the NF-κB,p38 MAPK and ERK *** efects on the release of IL-6 were also observed in combined treatment withIL-1B,IL-18 and *** together,our findings provide insight into IL-33-mediated activation of eosinophils via differential intracellular signaling cascades in the immunopathogenesis of allergic inflammation.

关键词： allergy cytokines eosinophils signal transduction

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Efficient turbulent compressible convection in the deep stellar atmosphere

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Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2009年第1期9卷 102-114页

作者： chun-Lin Tian Li-Cai Deng Kwing-lam Chan Da-Run Xiong National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Mathematics Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

We report on an application of gas-kinetic BGK scheme to the computation of turbulent compressible convection in the stellar interior. After incorporating the Sub-grid Scale （SGS） turbulence model into the BGK scheme, we tested the effects of numerical parameters on the quantitative relationships among the thermodynamic variables, their fluctuations and correlations in a very deep, initially gravity-stratified stellar atmosphere. Comparison indicates that the thermal properties and dynamic properties are dominated by different aspects of numerical models separately. An adjustable Deardorff constant in the SGS model cu, = 0.25 and an amplitude of artificial viscosity in the gas-kinetic BGK scheme C2 = 0 are appropriate for the current study. We also calculated the densityweighted auto- and cross-correlation functions in Xiong＇s turbulent stellar convection theory based on which the gradient type of models of the non-local transport and the anisotropy of the turbulence were preliminarily studied. No universal relations or constant parameters were found for these models.

关键词： convection -- hydrodynamic -- turbulence -- method: numerical -- stars atmosphere

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