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InGaZnO-based photoelectric synaptic devices for neuromorphic computing

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第9期45卷 42-47页

作者： Jieru Song Jialin meng Tianyu wang Changjin wan Hao Zhu Qingqing Sun David Wei Zhang Lin Chen School of Microelectronics State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and SystemsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China School of Integrated Circuits Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China National Integrated Circuit Innovation Center Shanghai 201203China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Jiashan Fudan Institute Jiashan 314102China

Photoelectric synaptic devices could emulate synaptic behaviors utilizing photoelectric effects and offer promising prospects with their high-speed operation and low crosstalk. In this study, we introduced a novel InGaZnO-based photoelectric memristor. Under both electrical and optical stimulation, the device successfully emulated synaptic characteristics including excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC), paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), long-term potentiation (LTP), and long-term depression (LTD). Furthermore, we demonstrated the practical application of our synaptic devices through the recognition of handwritten digits. The devices have successfully shown their ability to modulate synaptic weights effectively through light pulse stimulation, resulting in a recognition accuracy of up to 93.4%. The results illustrated the potential of IGZO-based memristors in neuromorphic computing, particularly their ability to simulate synaptic functionalities and contribute to image recognition tasks.

关键词： InGaZnO artificial synapse neuromorphic computing photoelectric memristor

Unlocking wear resistance in an ultrastrong dual-phase highentropy alloy by interface-constrained deformation of brittle Laves phases

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Friction 2024年第10期12卷 2389-2398页

作者： Fei LIANG Yixing SUN Hongyuan wan Yong LI Wenhao LU Ao meng Lei GU Zhaoping LUO Yan LIN Yaping ZHANG Xiang CHEN Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Key Laboratory of Power Beam Processing AVIC Manufacturing Technology InstituteBeijing 100024China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China

The pronounced brittleness of hard Laves phase intermetallics is detrimental to their tribological properties at room *** this study,we utilized a heterogeneous structure to engineer an ultrastrong dual-phase(Laves+B2)AlCoFeNiNb high-entropy alloy that exhibits a low wear rate(3.82×10-6 mm3/(N·m))at room *** wear resistance in the ball-on-disc sliding friction test with the counterpart of Al2O3 balls stems from the activated deformation ability in the ultrafine Laves lamellae under heterogeneous interface ***,as tribological stress intensifies,the surface deformation mechanism transitions from dislocation slip on the basal and pyramidal planes to a unique combination of local shear and grain rotation within the Laves *** study illuminates fresh perspectives for mitigating the embrittling effect of Laves phase intermetallics under tribological loading and for the development of wear-resistant materials.

关键词： wear resistance high-entropy alloy Laves phase heterogeneous structure

从“人文科目”到“实用科学”:“文科”概念的内涵演变

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中世纪晚期执教资格授予权的变迁——以巴黎大学为例

高等教育研究 2023年第11期44卷 86-94页

作者：黄梦婉王蒙南京师范大学教育科学学院江苏南京210097 南京林业大学马克思主义学院江苏南京210037

“文科”的说法虽在中国古已有之,但从学科角度去理解“文科”却是“西学东渐”的产物。清末以来,随着中国高等教育的现代化发展,“文科”从一门外来的“人文科目”转变为观照中国现实的“科学领域”,成为中国特色教育学科的标志性概念... 详细信息

“文科”的说法虽在中国古已有之,但从学科角度去理解“文科”却是“西学东渐”的产物。清末以来,随着中国高等教育的现代化发展,“文科”从一门外来的“人文科目”转变为观照中国现实的“科学领域”,成为中国特色教育学科的标志性概念之一。“文科”概念在中国的形成和演变是中西方文化不断融合的结果。文科教育的未来发展应在关注外部社会需求的同时,在更大的文化整体中去理解中国文科的职责和使命,为世界文化繁荣贡献中国智慧。

关键词： “文科” 概念 “新文科” 高等教育

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高等教育研究 2017年第4期38卷 83-90页

作者：黄梦婉华东师范大学教育学系上海200062

在巴黎大学形成前,由教会对教师进行资格审核的做法就已经出现。这一时期,巴黎主教座堂执事拥有唯一合法的执教资格授予权。在巴黎大学早期,学者行会就职礼制度的确立对执事权威提出了挑战。1227年,圣热内维耶夫修道院院长也获得了教皇... 详细信息

在巴黎大学形成前,由教会对教师进行资格审核的做法就已经出现。这一时期,巴黎主教座堂执事拥有唯一合法的执教资格授予权。在巴黎大学早期,学者行会就职礼制度的确立对执事权威提出了挑战。1227年,圣热内维耶夫修道院院长也获得了教皇认可的执教资格授予权,由执事垄断的执教资格授予权被一分为二。系科独立之后,巴黎大学建立了各系科自主负责的学位-执教资格授予体系,主教座堂执事最终丧失了授予执教资格的决定权。

关键词：中世纪晚期巴黎大学执教资格执教资格授予权

Analysis of the performance of optical frequency comb based on recirculating frequency shifter influenced by an Er-doped fiber amplifier

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Photonics Research 2013年第2期1卷 88-91页

作者： Hao Tu Lixia Xi Xiaoguang Zhang Xia Zhang Jiachuan Lin wan meng State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China The Key Laboratory of Optical Communications Science&Technology in Shandong Province Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252000China

The factors that influence the generation of a high-quality optical frequency comb(OFC)based on a recirculating frequency shifter(RFS)due to the maximum output power and noise figure of Er-doped fiber amplifier(EDFA)are studied theoretically and *** on the theoretical analysis,numerical simulations and experiments under different EDFA parameters have been carried *** results show that the performance of the OFC based on a RFS can be improved effectively by optimizing the maximum output power and the noise figure of the EDFA.

关键词： amplifier fiber EDFA

General and specialized metabolites in peanut roots regulate arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第8期23卷 2618-2632页

作者： Li Cui Jianguo wang Zhaohui Tang Zheng Zhang Sha Yang Feng Guo Xinguo Li Jingjing meng Jialei Zhang Yakov Kuzyakov Shubo wan Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in East ChinaMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsJinan 250100China Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jinan 250100China Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Department of Agricultural Soil ScienceUniversity of GöttingenGöttingen 37077Germany Peoples Friendship University of Russia(RUDN University) Miklukho-Maklaya StMoscow 117198Russia Institute of Environmental Sciences Kazan Federal University420049 KazanRussia

Arbuscular mycorrhizae(AM)fungi form symbiotic associations with plant roots,providing nutritional benefits and promoting plant growth and defenses against various *** changes in the roots during AM fungal colonization are key to understanding the development and maintenance of these ***,we investigated metabolic changes in the roots of peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)plants during the colonization and development of AM symbiosis,and compared them to uncolonized *** primary changes during the initial stage of AM colonization were in the contents and compositions of phenylpropanoid and flavonoid *** compounds function in signaling pathways that regulate recognition,interactions,and pre-colonization between roots and AM *** compounds decreased by 25%when the symbiosis was fully established compared to the initial colonization *** AM symbiosis was established,general metabolism strongly shifted toward the formation of lipids,amino acids,carboxylic acids,and *** compounds increased by 8.5%from the pre-symbiotic stage to well-established ***-phosphatidylcholines,which are signaling compounds,were only present in AM roots,and decreased in content after the symbiosis was *** the initial stage of AM establishment,the content of salicylic acid increased two-fold,whereas jasmonic acid and abscisic acid decreased compared to uncolonized *** jasmonic acid content decreased in roots after the symbiosis was well *** symbiosis was associated with high levels of calcium,magnesium,and D-(+)-mannose,which stimulated seedling ***,specific metabolites that favor the establishment of AM symbiosis were common in the roots,primarily during early colonization,whereas general metabolism was strongly altered when AM symbiosis was *** conclusion,specialized metabolites function as signaling compounds to establish AM *** compounds are no longe

关键词： Arachis hypogaea L. arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi metabolites symbiotic association

分立型功率MOSFET结温估计的非线性热网络模型和参数辨识方法

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电工技术学报 2019年第12期34卷 2477-2488页

作者：万萌应展烽张伟南京理工大学能源与动力工程学院

分立型功率MOSFET是一类重要的电力电子器件,结温估计对于其安全运行具有重要意义。传统结温估计模型将功率器件壳温测量值作为解算的边界条件,对温度传感器安装可靠性要求较高,故当其应用于体积小巧的分立型功率MOSFET时,所得结温估计... 详细信息

分立型功率MOSFET是一类重要的电力电子器件,结温估计对于其安全运行具有重要意义。传统结温估计模型将功率器件壳温测量值作为解算的边界条件,对温度传感器安装可靠性要求较高,故当其应用于体积小巧的分立型功率MOSFET时,所得结温估计结果容易因传感器脱落而不可靠。为此,该文提出针对分立型功率MOSFET结温估计的非线性热网络模型。该模型利用较易测量的功率器件环境温度作为边界条件,计及非线性热对流和热辐射作用,有效描述器件与环境之间的换热过程。为克服模型热参数难以获取问题,提出模型参数的辨识方法,证明了辨识目标函数的凸函数特性。利用原对偶内点法,获得参数辨识的全局最优解,有效确定模型热参数。相关实验表明,所提模型能够在壳温测量不可靠时,提高分立型功率MOSFET结温工程估计的可靠性。

关键词：分立型功率器件结温估计非线性热网络模型参数辨识原对偶内点法

Multi-spherical interactions and mechanisms of hydrocarbon enrichment in the Southeast Asian archipelagic tectonic system

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 566-583页

作者： Rixiang ZHU Hongjun wanG Huajian wanG Xiaomei wanG Bo wan wang ZHANG Houqin ZHU Yuke LIU Junlai LIU Qingren meng Fang HAO Zhijun JIN State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and DevelopmentBeijing100083China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China State Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580China Institute of Energy Peking UniversityBeijing100871China

Global cooling began since 50 Ma,but a warm climate was maintained in the archipelagic tectonic system in Southeast Asia where a wealth of Cenozoic oil and gas resources was formed and *** the perspective of Earth system,this study analyzes Cenozoic tectonic activities,climatic and environmental evolution,and petroleum enrichment in Southeast Asia,and provides the following insights:(1)Subduction of oceanic plates and the extension of overlying continental lithosphere resulted in widespread volcanic eruptions as well as the formation of rift basins and shallow marine shelves,leading to complex interactions between deep tectonic processes and Earth’s surface including mountains,basins,and seas.(2)Microcontinental accretion and prolonged stay in equatorial low-latitude regions have changed trade winds into monsoons,altered ocean current pathways and flow rates,and profoundly affected rainfall and climate.(3)The archipelagic tectonic system,coupled with a hot and rainy climate,fostered tropical rainforests,mangroves,and phytoplankton,providing abundant organic matter and promoting the development of petroleum resources.(4)Combinations of rift basin development and marine transgression and regression led to an effective superposition of source-reservoir-seal combinations from multiplepetroleum *** deep burial of organic matter and high geothermal gradients facilitated the generation and large-scale accumulation of oil and gas.(5)Multi-spherical(such as atmosphere,biosphere,hydrosphere and lithosphere)interactions on the Earth,which resulted from the convergence of multiple tectonic plates,are believed as the primary driver for exceptional enrichments of Cenozoic oil and gas resources in Southeast *** understandings are significant for developing theories of oil and gas enrichment under the guidance of Earth System *** order to continue making significant oil and gas exploration discoveries in the deep-layers,deep-waters,and unconventio

关键词： Southeast Asia Archipelagic tectonic system Interactions of Earth’s spheres Oil and gas resources Cenozoic

Health benefits from the rapid reduction in ambient exposure to air pollutants after China's clean air actions:progress in efficacy and geographic equality

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 103-113页

作者： Tao Xue Ruohan wang meng wang Yanying wang Dan Tong Xia meng Conghong Huang Siqi Ai Fangzhou Li Jingyuan Cao Mingkun Tong Xueqiu Ni Hengyi Liu Jianyu Deng Hong Lu Wei wan Jicheng Gong Shiqiu Zhang Tong Zhu Institute of Reproductive and Child Health National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(PKU) School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Centre State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Exposure and Health Risk Management and Center for Environment and Health Peking University Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking University Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at Buffalo State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking University Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan University College of Land Management Nanjing Agricultural University National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation Clean Air Asia

Clean air actions （CAAs） in China have been linked to considerable benefits in public ***,whether the beneficial effects of CAAs are equally distributed geographically is *** high-resolution maps of the distributions of major air pollutants (fine particulate matter[PM2.5]and ozone[O3]) and population,we aimed to track spatiotemporal changes in health impacts from,and geographic inequality embedded in,the reduced exposures to PM2.5and O3from 2013 to *** used a method established by the Global Burden of Diseases *** analyzing the changes in loss of life expectancy（LLE） attributable to PM2.5and O3,we calculated the gain of life expectancy （GLE） to quantify the health benefits of the air-quality ***,we assessed the geographic inequality embedded in the GLE using the Gini index （GI）.Based on risk assessments of PM2.5and O3,during the first stage of CAAs（2013 to 2017）,the mean GLE was 1.87 *** of the sum of the GLE was disproportionally distributed in about one quarter of the population exposed （GI 0.44）.During the second stage of CAAs（2017 to 2020）,the mean GLE increased to 3.94 months and geographic inequality decreased （GI 0.18）.According to our assessments,CAAs were enhanced,from the first to second stages,in terms of not only preventing premature mortality but also ameliorating health *** enhancements were related to increased sensitivity to the health effects of air pollution and synergic control of PM2.5and *** findings will contribute to optimizing future CAAs.

关键词： clean air action public health inequality fine particulate matter ozone